P-wave traveltime and polarization tomography of VSP data     

Soazig Le  Bégat Véronique Farra 《Geophysical Journal International》1997,131(1):100-114

The presence of anisotropy requires that tomographic methods be generalized to account for anisotropy. This generalization allows geological structure to be correctly imaged and allows the anisotropic parameters to be estimated. Use of isotropic inversion for imaging anisotropic structures gives systematic trends in the traveltime and polarization residuals. However, due to the limited directional coverage, the traveltimes along may not be sufficient to study the anisotropic properties of the structure. Polarizations can provide independent information on the structure. Traveltime and polarization inversion are applied to synthetic examples simulating VSP experiments. Transverse isotropy and 1-D structure are assumed. Plots of traveltime and polarization residuals are an important tool to detect the anomalies due to the presence of anisotropy. For receivers located in anisotropic layers, polarization residuals display consistent anomalies of several degrees. The synthetic examples show that even the simple 1-D problem is difficult, when using direct arrivals only. Large a posteriori errors in anisotropic parameters are obtained by traveltime inversion in layers where available incidence angles are less than 45°. Resolution of the tomographic image of VSP data is greatly improved by a combination of traveltime and polarization information. In order to obtain accurate inversion results, the measurement error of polarization data should be kept to within a few degrees.  相似文献   

Toroidal oscillations of a transradially isotropic elastic sphere     

Alka Gupta  Sarva Jit Singh 《Journal of Earth System Science》1990,99(3):383-391

In order to consider the effect of anisotropy on the periods of the oscillations of the Earth, the problem of toroidal oscillations of a transradially isotropic elastic sphere is considered. At each point, the medium is assumed to be transversely isotropic about the radius through the point. The roots of the frequency equation are obtained for different values of the anisotropy parameter α. It is found that, for large order oscillations, the percentage change in the frequency of the toroidal oscillations on account of the anisotropy is nearly equal to |α-1| × 100.  相似文献   

考虑沉积角影响的冻结砂土单轴压缩试验研究     

梁靖宇  沈万涛  路德春  齐吉琳 《岩土力学》2023,(4):1065-1074

寒区工程中的土颗粒在重力作用下沿优势方向沉积排列而形成横观各向同性冻土材料。不考虑沉积方向与荷载方向之间沉积角的影响可能会错误估计实际工程中冻土的变形特征与承载力。然而,现有文献尚未探究沉积角对冻土工程特性的影响。针对这一问题,开展了不同温度条件下沉积角对冻土单轴压缩变形与强度特性影响的试验研究。通过所研发的制样模具制备了具有4种不同沉积角δ的冻土试样（δ=0°、30°、60°和90°）,在设定的4种不同温度T条件下（T=-5、-10、-15℃和-20℃）对具有不同沉积角δ的冻土试样开展了单轴压缩试验,分析了T与δ对冻土的变形模式、破坏特征以及单轴抗压强度的显著影响。根据冻土应力-应变曲线的归一化结果及其软化段斜率的变化规律,将冻土单轴压缩变形模式在T与δ影响下分为变形模式I、II和III。根据结果可知,随着T降低以及δ趋于60°,冻土的变形模式趋于由变形模式I过渡到变形模式III,试样破坏模式由鼓胀的X形剪切带破坏趋于破坏范围较小的单剪切面破坏,而冻土单轴抗压强度随T降低而增大的同时,随δ增加表现出先减小后增大的趋势。  相似文献   

Response of multilayered transversely isotropic medium due to axisymmetric loads          下载免费PDF全文

Pengchong Zhang  Gao Lin  Jun Liu  Wenyuan Wang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2016,40(6):827-864

A novel procedure associated with the precise integration method (PIM) and the technique of dual vector is proposed to effectively calculate the magnitude and distribution of deformations in a homogeneous multilayered transversely isotropic medium. The planes of transverse isotropy are assumed to be parallel to the horizontal surface of the soil system. The linearly elastic medium is subjected to four types of vertically acting axisymmetric loads prescribed either at the external surface or in the interior of the soil medium. There are no limits for the thicknesses and number of soil layers to be considered. By virtue of the governing equations of motion and the constitutive equations of the transversely isotropic elastic body, and based on the Hankel integral transform and a dual vector formulation in a cylindrical coordinate system, the partial differential motion equations can be converted into first‐order ordinary differential matrix equations. Applying the approach of PIM, it is convenient to obtain the solutions of ordinary differential matrix equations for the continuously homogeneous multilayered transversely isotropic elastic soil in the transformed domain. The PIM is a highly accurate algorithm to solve the sets of first‐order ordinary differential equations, which can ensure to achieve any desired accuracy of the solutions. What is more, all calculations are based on the standard method with the corresponding algebraic operations. Computational efforts can be reduced to a great extent. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed approach. Some more cases are analyzed to evaluate the influences of the elastic parameters of the transversely isotropic media on the load‐displacement responses. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

VTI介质中的地层弹性参数反演     

杜丽英  杜丽娟  彭苏萍  王永丰 《世界地质》2001,20(4):396-401,416

在VTI介质中，用非双曲线可以很好地近似P－P波中长排列情况下的旅行时；而对P－SV波来说，应用非双曲线却不能很好地近似P－SV波的施行时。对P－P波、P－SV波的旅行时进行三项泰勒展开时，它们的系数却包含了地震波的各向异性信息及其垂直速度信息，这为地震波的弹性参数反演提供了基础。实验分析表明，在中等排列长度下可以精确地得到了P－P波，P－SV波旅行时的三项泰勒展式系数，从而可以精确地进行地层弹性参数反演。  相似文献   

条形均布荷载下横观各向同性弹性地基中附加应力的分布规律     

陈越 《岩土力学》1994,15(4):1-11

本文评述了条形均布荷载下横观各向同性弹性地基中附加应力的诸户［２］解析解和近似解，并提出了笔者的近似简化公式，该公式简明地显示出附加应力在分布规律上与各向同性地基之异同点，可供工程界方便地加以利用。  相似文献   

On the Linearized Sh-Wave Inverse Problem of A Transversely Isotropic Elastic Medium     

M. Ali C. Tura 《Geophysical Journal International》1994,119(3):729-739

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Quasi-Rayleigh Waves in Transversely Isotropic Half-Space with Inclined Axis of Symmetry     

Yanovskaya  T.B.  Savina  L.S. 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2004,48(1):251-264

A method for determination of characteristics of quasi-Rayleigh (qR) wave in a transversely isotropic homogeneous half-space with inclined axis of symmetry is outlined. The solution is obtained as a superposition of qP, qSV and qSH waves, and surface wave velocity is determined from the boundary conditions at the free surface and at infinity, as in case of Rayleigh wave in an isotropic half-space. Though the theory is simple enough, a numerical procedure for calculation of surface wave velocity presents some difficulties. The difficulty is caused by necessity to calculate complex roots of a non-linear equation, which in turn contains functions determined as roots of non-linear equations with complex coefficients. Numerical analysis shows that roots of the equation corresponding to the boundary conditions do not exist in the whole domain of azimuths and inclinations of the symmetry axis. The domain of existence of qR wave depends on the ratio of the elastic parameters: for some strongly anisotropic models the wave cannot exist at all. For some angles of inclination qR-wave velocities deviate from those calculated on the basis of the perturbation method valid for weak anisotropy, though they have the same tendency of variation with azimuth. The phase of qR wave varies with depth unlike Rayleigh wave in an isotropic half-space. Unlike Rayleigh wave in an isotropic half-space, qR wave has three components - vertical, radial and transverse. Particle motion in horizontal plane is elliptic. Direction of the major axis of the ellipsis coincides with the direction of propagation only in azimuths 0° (180°) and 90° (270°).  相似文献   

Complete synthetic seismograms up to 2 Hz for transversely isotropic spherically symmetric media     

Kenji Kawai  Nozomu Takeuchi  Robert J. Geller 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,164(2):411-424

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点力源在横向各向同性介质中激发的弹性波   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

靳平 《地球物理学报》1998,41(4):525-536

点力源在均匀横向各向同性介质中激发的弹性波可以用透射-反射矩阵法进行求解。假定点力源位于一假想的各向同性层中,并利用各向同性介质中等效于势函数的过源面间断,从而易于求出介质中各个点上的弹性波场;再令假想的各向同性层的厚度趋近于0,则可求出原始问题的解,即横向各向同性介质中的格林函数。最后得出的结果和假想的各向同性层的性质无关,表明这一方法用于求解点力源在各向异性介质中激发的弹性波场是可行的。  相似文献