Mixing and biological production at eddy margins in the eastern Gulf of Alaska     

T.D. Peterson  D.W. CrawfordP.J. Harrison 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2011,58(4):377-389

We performed a multi-day shipboard experiment in June 2001 to test whether combining water from within an anticyclonic mesoscale eddy in the eastern Gulf of Alaska with water from outside could result in enhanced phytoplankton growth and to determine how mixing might influence planktonic assemblages. Initially, the eddy had lower standing stocks of algal pigments (chlorophyll a [chl a] and accessory pigments), nutrients, phytoplankton, and particulate organic carbon/nitrogen compared to waters outside of the eddy. The eddy possessed a greater diversity and abundance of coastal diatoms while the outside waters had a greater proportion of oceanic species, including the endemic pennate diatom, Nitzschia cylindroformis. After one week of incubation, rates of primary production were significantly higher in the mixed water compared to both the eddy and outside treatments. Pigment concentrations (except chl c₃, alloxanthin, and zeaxanthin) and the proportion of large diatoms (mainly Pseudo-nitzschia spp.) and heterotrophic dinoflagellates were greater in the mixed water than would be expected from the simple combination of inside and outside waters. Nutrient limitation (most likely by trace metals) appeared to be less severe in the mixed water. Chl a was enhanced in the mixed water, particularly when compared to the eddy water. The mixing of eddy and outside water masses stimulated primary production by ∼20%, but more importantly, the mixing resulted in a distinct planktonic assemblage. The biomass enrichment was short-lived, indicating that the maintenance of elevated chl a would require further mixing events in a physical setting that also permits an accumulation of biomass. We note that submesoscale processes, including the intensification of ageostrophic circulation that elicits strong vertical mixing in the presence of strain, might explain observed patterns of high phytoplankton standing stocks at the inner edges of Haida eddies in the field.  相似文献   

Dynamics of a mesoscale eddy off Cape Ann, Massachusetts in May 2005     

Mingshun Jiang  Meng Zhou  Scott P. Libby  Donald M. Anderson 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2011,58(11):1130-1146

Observations and numerical modeling indicate that a mesoscale anti-cyclonic eddy formed south of Cape Ann at the northern entrance of Massachusetts Bay (MB) during May 2005, when large river discharges in the western Gulf of Maine and two strong Nor'easters passing through the regions led to an unprecedented toxic Alexandrium fundyense bloom (red tide). Both model results and field measurements suggest that the western Maine Coastal Current separated from Cape Ann around May 7–8, and the eddy formed on around May 10. The eddy was trapped at the formation location for about a week before detaching from the coastline and moving slowly southward on May 17. Both model results and theoretical analysis suggest that the separation of the coastal current from the coast and subsequent eddy formation were initiated at the subsurface by an adverse pressure gradient between Cape Ann and MB due to the higher sea level set up by onshore Ekman transport and higher density in downstream MB. After the formation, the eddy was maintained by the input of vorticity transported by the coastal current from the north, and local vorticity generation around the cape by the horizontal gradients of wind-driven currents, bottom stress, and water density induced by the Merrimack River plume. Observations and model results indicate that the anti-cyclonic eddy significantly changed the pathway of nutrient and biota transport into the coastal areas and enhanced phytoplankton including Alexandrium abundances around the perimeter of the eddy and in the western coast of MB.  相似文献   

流沙湾7种海藻栽培比较及其对栽培海区水质的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

谢恩义  陈秀丽  申玉春  叶宁  吴灶和 《热带海洋学报》2011,(3)

为改善流沙湾当前不合理的养殖结构,用传统的筏式栽培方法,于2008年10月—2009年8月在流沙湾进行了长心卡帕藻Kappaphycus alvarezii、亨氏马尾藻Sargassum henslowianum、全缘马尾藻S.integerrimum、多胞马尾藻S.polyporum、硇洲马尾藻S.naozhouense、半叶马尾藻S.hemiphyllum和羊栖菜Hizikia fusiforme等7种大型经济海藻的栽培,观察了各种野生马尾藻的繁殖周期和栽培物候学,比较了各种栽培藻类与其野生种群的物候,测定了藻类栽培海区和邻近海区的水质。结果表明,长心卡帕藻、亨氏马尾藻、全缘马尾藻、多胞马尾藻、硇洲马尾藻、半叶马尾藻和羊栖菜栽培产量(以鲜重计)分别为6.3、5.2、5.2、3.5、2.5、2.3、0.9kg.m-2;除营养繁殖的长心卡帕藻外,各种藻繁殖期较自然海区均有不同程度的提前;藻类栽培海区的水质明显优于邻近海区。通过经济价值、栽培产量和生长期的长短等综合比较分析,认为流沙湾等粤西地区可以栽培的经济海藻有长心卡帕藻、全缘马尾藻和硇洲马尾藻。  相似文献   

浅析亚丁湾护航中的航海保障工作     

邹福全 《海洋测绘》2011,31(6):1-4

亚丁湾护航任务的常态化对海军航海保障工作的发展提出了新的要求,着重探讨护航任务中航海保障的相关情况,总结护航任务中航海保障的经验,提出护航任务中存在的不足以及展望,对今后的护航行动具有十分重要的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

Feeding ecology of hairtail Trichiurus margarites and largehead hairtail Trichiurus lepturus in the Beibu Gulf, the South China Sea     

颜云榕  侯刚  陈骏岚  卢伙胜  金显仕 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(1):174-183

We evaluated the feeding ecology of largehead hairtail (Trichiurus lepturus) and hairtail (T. margarites). We collected specimens from fishing ports in the Beibu Gulf (Gulf of Tonkin) from October 2008 to September 2009 and analyzed their gut contents. We collected 857 T. lepturus and 666 T. margarites samples. The number of stomachs examined in this study was sufficient to describe the monthly and ontogenetic diet shifts for the two species, as indicated by the trophic diversity curves. T. lepturus was a general omnivore, feeding primarily on Bregmaceros rarisquamosu, Decapterus maruadsi, and Acetes chinensis. Conversely, T. margarites preyed primarily on D. maruadsi, B. rarisquamosus, B. nectabanus, and A. chinensis. Both species exhibited distinct ontogenetic diet shifts. Although the two hairtail specie fed on similar sources in the same habitat, the diet overlap was relatively low. Our results suggest that hairtail play an important role in controlling small pelagic and benthic fish populations in the gulf. This trophic correlation shall be used for developing a marine ecosystem model for the Beibu Gulf.  相似文献   

Convergence or divergence? Status and prospects for US climate strategy     

Atle Christer Christiansen 《Climate Policy》2013,13(4):343-358

The objective of this paper is to assess recent developments and prospects for future changes in United States (US) climate strategy. In doing so, the paper explores some of the key factors that have shaped strategies and policies to date, distinguishing between factors related to institutional and governance structures, linkages between science and policy, energy technology and the role of interest groups. Against this background, the paper attempts to explore future development paths for US climate policy. More specifically, the paper assesses opportunities for policy changes compared to the preferences of the current administration, and the prospects for future linkages between US and international climate change strategies. In brief, the paper argues that substantial changes are unlikely to take place in the near to medium term, leaving open, however, the possibility of wide-ranging changes in domestic politics or major incidents that could facilitate a shift in the perceived need for near-term action.  相似文献   

Spectral gamma‐ray logs and palaeoclimate change? Permian–Triassic,Persian Gulf     

Ebrahim Ghasemi‐Nejad  Alastair Ruffell  Hossein Rahimpour‐Bonab  Mohammed Sharifi  Behzad Soltani  Ebrahim Sfidari 《Geological Journal》2015,50(2):210-219

Spectral gamma ray (SGR) logs are used as stratigraphic tools in correlation, sequence stratigraphy and most recently, in clastic successions as a proxy for changes in hinterland palaeoweathering. In this study we analyse the spectral gamma ray signal recorded in two boreholes that penetrated the carbonate and evaporate‐dominated Permian–Triassic boundary (PTB) in the South Pars Gasfield (offshore Iran, Persian Gulf) in an attempt to analyse palaeoenvironmental changes from the upper Permian (Upper Dalan Formation) and lower Triassic (Lower Kangan Formation). The results are compared to lithological changes, total organic carbon (TOC) contents and published stable isotope ( δ ¹⁸O, δ ¹³C) results. This work is the first to consider palaeoclimatic effects on SGR logs from a carbonate/evaporate succession. While Th/U ratios compare well to isotope data (and thus a change to less arid hinterland climates from the Late Permian to the Early Triassic), Th/K ratios do not, suggesting a control not related to hinterland weathering. Furthermore, elevated Th/U ratios in the Early Triassic could reflect a global drawdown in U, rather than a more humid episode in the sediment hinterlands, with coincident changes in TOC. Previous work that used spectral gamma ray data in siliciclastic successions as a palaeoclimate proxy may not apply in carbonate/evaporate sedimentary rocks. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

UPWELLING AND SEDIMENTATION DYNAMICS Ⅲ：COINCIDENCE OF UPWELLING AREAS WITH MUD PATCHES IN NORTH HEMISPHERE SHELF SEAS   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

庞重光  胡敦欣 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2002,20(2):101-106

The determinant role of upwelling in fine sediment patches is examined from the view-points of physical process and biological process respectively. It is pointed out that physical and biologicalprocesses are usually coexistent and interact with each other during the sedimentation of suspended mat-ters. This study used available figures showing the circulation pattern and surface sediment distribution inthe whole China Seas, the Gulf of Maine, the Irish Sea and the North Sea, and additional data to verifythat wherever upwelling exists on the continental shelf, mud must occur; and that wherever dowrtwellingoccurs, coarse sediment substitutes for mud.  相似文献   

Enhancing environmental quality in the United States by linking biomass energy consumption and load capacity factor     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(3):101531

This study analyzes the impact of biomass energy, financial development, and economic growth on environmental quality using the novel Fourier autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach on annual data for the period 1965–2018 in the United States (USA). The study analyzes the impact of related variables on the load capacity factor (LCF) as well as on indicators of environmental degradation such as carbon dioxide emissions and ecological footprint. The LCF is one of the most comprehensive environmental indicators to date, encompassing both biocapacity and ecological footprint. In this regard, this study contributes to the environmental economics literature by examining, for the first time, the impact of biomass energy on the LCF. The results of the cointegration test show that there is only a long-run relationship between the LCF and the independent variables. According to the Fourier ARDL results, biomass energy improves the environmental quality, while financial development has no effect on the LCF. Moreover, the increase in per capita income reduces the LCF. Furthermore, since the income elasticity is larger in the long run than in the short-run, the environmental Kuznets curve is validated. Therefore, the United States government should encourage the use of biomass and investment in this form of energy.  相似文献   

Application of Statistical Methods to Biomarkers for Geochemical Evaluation and Genetic Type Determination of Gas Condensates in the Persian Gulf and Coastal Fars, Southern Iran     

Mohammad Javad SEIDY  Mohammad Hossein SABERI 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(4):1246-1256

In a comprehensive geochemical study, the genetic relationships among 14 samples of gas condensates from the Persian Gulf were investigated for the purpose of evaluating the respective source rocks in terms of both age and sedimentary paleoenvironment. Chemometric analysis was used for categorization and determination of a certitude range to determine the genetic type of the condensate families in the studied basin. The samples were collected from Late Permian – Triassic reservoirs (Dalan and Kangan formations) located in 6 gasfields (gas condensate) hosting some of Iran’s most important gas/gas condensate reserves. Obtained by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), a total of 16 biomarker parameters (10 maturity-related parameters and 6 sedimentary environment-related parameters) were used to evaluate the samples in terms of thermal maturity (and hence their positions in the maturity chart), the sedimentary environment of the source rock and the lithology. Application of Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to the collected data led to the categorization of the samples into three main genetic groups, I–III. Groups I and III were found to be located in the east and the west of the Persian Gulf, respectively, while Group II was developed between the two other groups.  相似文献