Frequency‐ and angle‐dependent poroelastic seismic analysis for highly attenuating reservoirs          下载免费PDF全文

Luanxiao Zhao  Qiuliang Yao  De‐hua Han  Rui Zhou  Jianhua Geng  Hui Li 《Geophysical Prospecting》2017,65(6):1630-1648

We extend the frequency‐ and angle‐dependent poroelastic reflectivity to systematically analyse the characteristic of seismic waveforms for highly attenuating reservoir rocks. It is found that the mesoscopic fluid pressure diffusion can significantly affect the root‐mean‐square amplitude, frequency content, and phase signatures of seismic waveforms. We loosely group the seismic amplitude‐versus‐angle and ‐frequency characteristics into three classes under different geological circumstances: (i) for Class‐I amplitude‐versus‐angle and ‐frequency, which corresponds to well‐compacted reservoirs having Class‐I amplitude‐versus‐offset characteristic, the root‐mean‐square amplitude at near offset is boosted at high frequency, whereas seismic energy at far offset is concentrated at low frequency; (ii) for Class‐II amplitude‐versus‐angle and ‐frequency, which corresponds to moderately compacted reservoirs having Class‐II amplitude‐versus‐offset characteristic, the weak seismic amplitude might exhibit a phase‐reversal trend, hence distorting both the seismic waveform and energy distribution; (iii) for Class‐III amplitude‐versus‐angle and ‐frequency, which corresponds to unconsolidated reservoir having Class‐III amplitude‐versus‐offset characteristic, the mesoscopic fluid flow does not exercise an appreciable effect on the seismic waveforms, but there exists a non‐negligible amplitude decay compared with the elastic seismic responses based on the Zoeppritz equation.  相似文献   

地形起伏对基于地震波形的浅源地震深度反演影响——以2017年9月3日朝鲜M6.3事件为例          下载免费PDF全文

王向腾  倪四道  周勇  林鑫 《地球物理学报》2019,62(12):4684-4695

震源深度是核试验以及塌陷等浅源地震研究中的关键参数,可以为事件成因分析提供关键信息.然而朝鲜核试验区域地形起伏较大,地形效应可能对震源深度反演的结果造成影响.本文基于理论地震图进行测试,研究了地形起伏对震源深度反演的影响.发现震源深度小于2km时,不考虑地形影响,反演得到的震源深度会系统偏浅0.2km左右.然后利用MDJ2速度结构模型,我们反演了2017年9月3日朝鲜M6.3事件的震源参数,结果显示震源深度约为0.8km.进一步基于带地形的格林函数重新反演了该事件的震源深度,发现在1km处波形拟合结果较好.不同速度模型测试结果显示该事件的震源深度反演误差约为1km.案例研究表明,基于层状均匀速度模型,利用区域地震波形资料反演的震源深度可以为浅源事件成因分析提供关键约束.  相似文献   

动态波形匹配预测火山岩地层的横向变化   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

刘瑞林  杨峰平  信毅  王正允 《地球物理学进展》2004,19(4):946-952

讨论一种根据3D地震数据计算地层横向变化的方法动态波形匹配方法,该方：该方法利用动态规划算法对相邻地震道地震波形进行动态波形匹配并计算波形匹配费用．把波形匹配费用作为相邻地震道地震波形之间差异大小程度的度量．对大庆油田一块800km^2的3D地震数据的计算表明,动态波形匹配费用可以较好地度量相邻地震道地震波形之间的差异,表示地下地质体的横向变化,如断层、裂缝发育带和火山岩岩体等．  相似文献   

用转换函数研究青藏高原地壳S波速度结构——"Hi-CLIMB"剖面          下载免费PDF全文

王伟  高星  历玉英  张亚斌 《地球物理学报》2011,54(11):2769-2778

本文对青藏高原中部Hi-CLIMB(Himalayan-Tibetan Continental Lithosphere During Mountain Building)宽频带数字台站探测剖面资料进行处理,用转换函数模拟退火算法得到了83个台站下方S波速度结构,转化为二维速度结构剖面,并与接收函数偏移成像结果进行了对比...  相似文献   

3D acoustic waveform inversion in the Laplace domain using an iterative solver     

Sukjoon Pyun  Woohyun Son  Changsoo Shin 《Geophysical Prospecting》2011,59(3):386-399

In this paper we propose a 3D acoustic full waveform inversion algorithm in the Laplace domain. The partial differential equation for the 3D acoustic wave equation in the Laplace domain is reformulated as a linear system of algebraic equations using the finite element method and the resulting linear system is solved by a preconditioned conjugate gradient method. The numerical solutions obtained by our modelling algorithm are verified through a comparison with the corresponding analytical solutions and the appropriate dispersion analysis. In the Laplace‐domain waveform inversion, the logarithm of the Laplace transformed wavefields mainly contains long‐wavelength information about the underlying velocity model. As a result, the algorithm smoothes a small‐scale structure but roughly identifies large‐scale features within a certain depth determined by the range of offsets and Laplace damping constants employed. Our algorithm thus provides a useful complementary process to time‐ or frequency‐domain waveform inversion, which cannot recover a large‐scale structure when low‐frequency signals are weak or absent. The algorithm is demonstrated on a synthetic example: the SEG/EAGE 3D salt‐dome model. The numerical test is limited to a Laplace‐domain synthetic data set for the inversion. In order to verify the usefulness of the inverted velocity model, we perform the 3D reverse time migration. The migration results show that our inversion results can be used as an initial model for the subsequent high‐resolution waveform inversion. Further studies are needed to perform the inversion using time‐domain synthetic data with noise or real data, thereby investigating robustness to noise.  相似文献   

波形相关意义“重复地震”研究综述   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李宇彤  蒋长胜 《中国地震》2011,27(4):335-347

波形相关意义的“重复地震”在自然界中普遍存在,其数量远远超过我们的预期.近年来由于数字地震观测技术的普及和发展,有关“重复地震”的研究引起越来越多的关注.目前“重复地震”研究已被广泛应用于检测地壳介质性质变化、评估地震台网的定位精度、地震“复发”和断层深部滑动速率的估算等方面,在提高定位和震相识别精度、断层结构、震源物理及地震预测研究等方面也都显示出值得关注的应用潜力.本文对有关“重复地震”的最新研究及应用成果进行了总结和归纳.  相似文献   

Geological controls on focused fluid flow through the gas hydrate stability zone on the southern Hikurangi Margin of New Zealand, evidenced from multi-channel seismic data     

G.J. Crutchley  A.R. Gorman  I.A. Pecher  S. Toulmin  S.A. Henrys 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(10):1915-1931

Highly concentrated gas hydrate deposits are likely to be associated with geological features that promote increased fluid flux through the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ). We conduct conventional seismic processing techniques and full-waveform inversion methods on a multi-channel seismic line that was acquired over a 125 km transect of the southern Hikurangi Margin off the eastern coast of New Zealand’s North Island. Initial processing, employed with an emphasis on preservation of true amplitude information, was used to identify three sites where structures and stratal fabrics likely encourage focused fluid flow into and through the GHSZ. At two of the sites, Western Porangahau Trough and Eastern Porangahau Ridge, sub-vertical blanking zones occur in regions of intensely deformed sedimentary layering. It is interpreted that increased fluid flow occurs in these regions and that fluids may dissipate upwards and away from the deformed zone along layers that trend towards the seafloor. At Eastern Porangahau Ridge we also observe a coherent bottom simulating reflection (BSR) that increases markedly in intensity with proximity to the centre of the anticlinal ridge. 1D full-waveform inversions conducted at eight points along the BSR reveal much more pronounced low-velocity zones near the centre of the ridge, indicating a local increase in the flux of gas-charged fluids into the anticline. At another anticline, Western Porangahau Ridge, a dipping high-amplitude feature extends from the BSR upwards towards the seafloor within the regional GHSZ. 1D full-waveform inversions at this site reveal that the dipping feature is characterised by a high-velocity zone overlying a low-velocity zone, which we interpret as gas hydrates overlying free gas. These results support a previous interpretation that this high-amplitude feature represents a local “up-warping” of the base of hydrate stability in response to advective heat flow from upward migrating fluids. These three sites provide examples of geological frameworks that encourage prolific localised fluid flow into the hydrate system where it is likely that gas-charged fluids are converting to highly concentrated hydrate deposits.  相似文献   

2013年4月20日四川芦山地震震源破裂过程反演初步结果   总被引：40，自引：16，他引：24       下载免费PDF全文

王卫民  郝金来  姚振兴 《地球物理学报》2013,56(4):1412-1417

使用远场体波资料和有限断层方法快速反演获得了2013年4月12日芦山地震的震源破裂过程模型,并计算了震中区理论烈度分布.结果显示这次地震是发生在龙门山断裂带南端的一次M_w6.7级的逆冲型地震,最大滑动量159 cm,震中区烈度达Ⅷ-IX度(中国地震烈度表).这次地震的震源性质与汶川地震同为逆冲型破裂,主要破裂滑动发生在汶川地震后的库伦应力增加区域,表明汶川地震对这次地震有触发效应,在宏观上可视为汶川地震一次"迟到"的强余震.  相似文献   

The 2002 Molise earthquake sequence: What can we learn about the tectonics of southern Italy?   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

F. Di Luccio  E. Fukuyama  N.A. Pino   《Tectonophysics》2005,405(1-4):141-154

On October 31, 2002 a M_L = 5.4 earthquake occurred in southern Italy, at the margin between the Apenninic thrust belt (to the west) and the Adriatic plate (to the east). In this area, neither historical event nor seismogenic fault is reported in the literature. In spite of its moderate magnitude, the earthquake caused severe damage in cities close to the epicenter and 27 people, out of a total of 29 casualties, were killed by the collapse of a primary school in S. Giuliano di Puglia. By inverting broadband regional waveforms, we computed moment tensor solutions for 15 events, as small as M_L = 3.5 (M_w = 3.7). The obtained focal mechanisms show pure strike-slip geometry, mainly with focal planes oriented to NS (sinistral) and EW (dextral). In several solutions focal planes are rotated counterclockwise, in particular for later events, occurring west of the mainshock. From the relocated aftershock distribution, we found that the mainshock ruptured along an EW plane, and the fault mechanisms of some aftershocks were not consistent with the mainshock fault plane. The observed stress field, resulting from the stress tensor inversion, shows a maximum principal stress axis with an east–west trend (N83°W), whereas the minimum stress direction is almost N–S. Considering both the aftershock distribution and moment tensor solutions, it appears that several pre-existing faults were activated rather than a single planar fault associated with the mainshock. The finite fault analysis shows a very simple slip distribution with a slow rupture velocity of 1.1 km/s, that could explain the occurrence of a second mainshock about 30 h after. Finally, we attempt to interpret how the Molise sequence is related to the normal faulting system to the west (along the Apennines) and the dextral strike-slip Mattinata fault to the east.  相似文献   

中国及邻近地区地壳结构   总被引：26，自引：10，他引：26       下载免费PDF全文

高星  王卫民  姚振兴 《地球物理学报》2005,48(3):591-601

利用中国及邻近地区数字地震台网提供的三分量地震波形记录，应用转换函数及快速模拟退火算法对中国及邻区61个地震站下的地壳横波速度结构进行了反演. 结合已发表的人工地震测深资料获得了该地区地壳厚度分布，为进一步揭示中国大陆的动力学演化过程、建立大陆动力学理论提供了可靠的地球物理证据. 结果表明中国及邻区地壳厚度分布的特点为从东到西逐渐增厚，可分为：地壳厚度缓变地区，如蒙古高原,华北，华中，华南，青藏高原内部；地壳厚度递变带，如沿大兴安岭—太行山—秦岭—大巴山—云贵高原一带；地壳厚度陡变带，主要为青藏高原边缘地区. 除青藏高原外，其他地壳厚度缓变区速度结构较简单，壳幔边界明显. 青藏高原及其南缘，台湾—菲律宾一带，台站下方速度结构复杂，反映了板块边界处构造活动、物质交换活跃，表明这些地区还未达到均衡.   相似文献