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81.
探讨了数字化地震记录P 波初始部分波形线性度的两种分析处理方法,即波形的时间线性度和波形的空间线性度的分析处理方法,并着重介绍了这两种方法在地震预报研究中的初步应用结果. 相似文献
82.
本文利用长周期Ｐ波波形反演方法，推断了１９８６年１０月至１９９１年期间发生在中国台湾岛东部及其附近海域中８次中强地震的矩张量．矩张量解揭示了发生在这一区域边界处的地震震源性质的规律性变化：沿西部边界的主旋错动，沿北部边界的右旋错动，西北角花莲地区的逆冲断错及显著的体积收缩分量．这一结果表明，台湾地区是菲律宾海板块与欧洲大陆板块边界中的一特殊地段，海洋板块的俯冲在这里受阻．随着菲律宾海板块向西北方向的相对运动，在花莲地区发生了强烈碰撞． 相似文献
83.
84.
WTW(Wave equation traveltime+Waveform inversion)反演是基于波动方程的走时反演（WT反演）和波形反演的联合反演方法.WT反演利用波动方程计算走时和走时关于速度的导数，和传统以射线为基础的走时反演相比，具有不必射线追踪、不必拾取初至、不必高频假设以及初始模型和实际模型差别较大时也能较好收敛等优点，但WT反演与波形反演相比其结果分辨率低.与之互补的是，波形反演的反演结果分辨率高，但是当所给初始模型和实际模型相差太大时，波形反演迭代算法容易陷入局部极小点.可见结合两种方法的WTW反演是一种比较好的联合反演方法.常规WTW迭代算法是首先以WT反演为主反演得到地质模型的整体特征，然后再以波形反演为主反演模型细节，该算法耗时和占用计算机存储空间接近WT反演或波形反演的两倍.为了节省运算耗时和计算机存储空间，往往采取首先单独利用WT反演然后再单独利用波形反演的算法.这样做的缺点是不能紧密结合两种反演方法，使得它们的优缺点在每一次迭代中无法得到互补，从而影响了最终的反演结果.针对以上事实，本文提出一种新的方法实现WTW，使得WTW运算速度和存储空间在任何情况下等同于WT反演或波形反演.模型计算表明新的算法具有更好的收敛性. 相似文献
85.
针对基于最近邻距离比率约束和几何条件约束的影像特征匹配方法,在处理重复纹理影像以及视角和尺度变化大的宽基线影像时,存在匹配正确率低和匹配点对数量少的问题,设计了结合运动平滑约束与核线约束的AKAZE特征匹配提纯算法。①为提高影像特征的不变性、显著性和时效性,采用AKAZE算子提取影像特征,经暴力匹配快速构建初始匹配集;②基于网格运动统计区分真假匹配,剔除不能满足运动平滑约束的匹配点对;③为消除局部相似特征引起的误匹配,采用核线约束提高匹配纯度。实验结果表明:所提算法实现了重复纹理影像、倾斜影像和宽基线影像同名点对的高精度匹配,增加了匹配点对数量,拓展了特征匹配的适用范围。 相似文献
86.
Stromboli Volcano in Italy is a persistently active, complex volcanic system. In May 2002 activity was confined to 3 major summit craters within which several active vents hosted multiple explosions each hour. During a 5-day field campaign an array of 3 low-frequency microphones was installed to investigate the coherent infrasound produced by degassing from these vents. Consistent phase lags across the 3 stations indicate distinct sources that are subsequently investigated to determine the associated vent location, apparent depth, and origin time. The cross-correlation routine allows for variations in comparison window length, waveform filtering bandwidth, and correlation and consistency thresholds, allowing for improved detection of certain types of degassing sources. Identification of activity at the various vents could be subsequently corroborated with 3 channels of synchronously acquired thermal data and video. During the May 2002 experiment persistent, energetic infrasound was observed from a passive degassing source within the Central Crater (CC) and transient infrasound, produced by discrete Strombolian explosions, was identified at 4 additional vents. The continuous infrasound produced by the CC exhibits variable frequency-dependent correlation lag times that are interpreted as a diffraction effect due to the acoustic radiators recessed location within a steep-walled crater. Such dispersion has important implications for accurate eruption source modeling because it indicates that infrasonic waveforms may be significantly filtered during propagation. Transient explosion signals from the Northeast Crater (NEC) and Southwest Crater (SWC) vents also exhibit dynamic correlation lag times, but this scatter may be more reasonably attributed to variable epicentral locations. Explosions from the NEC west vent, for instance, appear to emanate from a diffuse zone with a lateral extent in excess of 10 m.Editorial responsibility: R. Cioni 相似文献
87.
Information on ecosystem services as a function of the successional stage for secondary tropical dry forests (TDFs) is scarce and limited. Secondary TDFs succession is defined as regrowth following a complete forest clearance for cattle growth or agriculture activities. In the context of large conservation initiatives, the identification of the extent, structure and composition of secondary TDFs can serve as key elements to estimate the effectiveness of such activities. As such, in this study we evaluate the use of a Hyperspectral MAPper (HyMap) dataset and a waveform LIDAR dataset for characterization of different levels of intra-secondary forests stages at the Santa Rosa National Park (SRNP) Environmental Monitoring Super Site located in Costa Rica. Specifically, a multi-task learning based machine learning classifier (MLC-MTL) is employed on the first shortwave infrared (SWIR1) of HyMap in order to identify the variability of aboveground biomass of secondary TDFs along a successional gradient. Our paper recognizes that the process of ecological succession is not deterministic but a combination of transitional forests types along a stochastic path that depends on ecological, edaphic, land use, and micro-meteorological conditions, and our results provide a new way to obtain the spatial distribution of three main types of TDFs successional stages. 相似文献
88.
Mathieu J. Duchesne Gilles Bellefleur Mike Galbraith Randy Kolesar Rick Kuzmiski 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2007,28(2):153-164
A sparker is a marine seismic impulsive source used for high-resolution seismic surveys. Sparker sources were very popular
during the late 1960s and 1970s before being supplanted by small volume airguns. However, in the last 10 years there has been
renewed interest in sparker technology because (1) it can be easily deployed at relatively low costs and (2) in certain areas
the use of small airguns is restricted for environmental purposes. In this study a sparker source was used to assess the seismic
stratigraphy of Quaternary deposits and to image the sediment/bedrock interface. Three different inverse filtering methods
were tested (i.e., spiking deconvolution, match-filtering and vertical seismic profile (VSP) deconvolution) to correct the
poor shot-to-shot repeatability of the source and to compress its reverberations. Results show that the matched-filter and
VSP deconvolution methods, which design and apply one operator for each shot, produced comparable results, whereas the spiking
deconvolution that used the same operator on all traces failed to compress the source signature properly. 相似文献
89.
LiDAR森林冠层高度模型凹坑去除方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
LiDAR技术被越来越多地应用于林业领域,而森林冠层高度模型作为其数据产品直接影响着森林参数的反演,但其存在的局部凹坑现象对森林参数信息的提取形成阻碍。针对此问题,该文对局部凹坑去除进行了研究。利用局部稳健加权回归对点云数据进行散点平滑处理,填充凹坑(无效值);再利用反距离加权插值生成冠层表面模型,使之与数字高程模型相减得到归一化高度点云,形成去除凹坑后的森林冠层高度模型。通过对研究区30个样方的点云数据处理,及与高斯滤波、中值滤波、分层高度最大值法进行比较,并提取树高等信息进行验证。结果显示,无论在去除凹坑效果还是保持原冠层顶部形态结构上,该方法都具有明显优势。 相似文献
90.
随着国家地震烈度速报和预警工程的建设,中国测震站网的监测能力获得大幅提升,对于地震编目业务的要求也随之提升,传统的编目产品已无法满足新形势下的业务需求,用于支撑全国地震编目业务的系统亟需升级换代。本文介绍了国家预警工程软件系统之一的综合地震波形分析系统,通过对系统概况、功能实现、关键技术和业务应用等详细介绍,阐述该系统如何用于支撑国家预警工程建成后的全国新编目业务。大数据和人工智能技术飞速发展的时代将为该系统及其产出的编目产品提供更加广阔的发展和应用空间。 相似文献