模拟厌氧水稻土中氮、砷变化及迁移研究     

蒙薪赟  赵嘉  刘璟 《岩石矿物学杂志》2023,42(2):275-284

矿渣和酸性矿山废水的排放会使矿区周围的农田受到污染。为研究厌氧条件下矿区农田中氮和砷之间的联系,本文通过摇瓶实验探究了含砷水铁矿在厌氧含氮农田中释放的砷形态的变化,通过柱实验探究了水稻生长对氮、砷形态和浓度的影响。研究结果发现,在厌氧条件下,外源氮的加入促进了砷污染水稻土中As(Ⅴ)的还原,使生成的As(Ⅲ)浓度最高达396μg/L;在柱实验模拟的厌氧农田不同层位中,水稻的生长过程促进了氮和砷的还原以及砷向下层位的迁移,使装置中的As(Ⅲ)浓度最高达517μg/L;摇瓶实验和柱实验在相近的厌氧条件下,NO^-₃的存在能够直接参与As(Ⅴ)还原。研究结果为农田砷污染的治理提供了一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

贵州都匀下泥盆统蟒山群Zosterophyllum australianum(澳大利亚工蕨)新材料及其古地理意义^*          下载免费PDF全文

周志强  赵景宇  王嘉树  吴成洋  肖彪  黄璞 《古地理学报》2022,24(3):479-492

Zosterophyllum(工蕨属)是早期陆生植物的代表性类群之一,全球广泛分布。Z.australianum(澳大利亚工蕨)产自华南和澳大利亚,是东北冈瓦纳古植物地理区系的典型分子。文中描述了产自贵州都匀包阳剖面蟒山群中的Z.australianum新材料。该标本的孢子囊具短柄,呈椭圆形或扇形,宽2.6~4.1 mm,高可达3.9 mm,加厚带宽约0.6 mm,紧密螺旋排列形成孢子囊穗,与云南文山早泥盆世坡松冲植物群中的Z. australiaunum极为相似。依据目前对Z. australianum时代延限的认识,并结合蟒山群其他植物属种的发现(如Adoketophyton subverticillatum),推断该群下段的时代为早泥盆世布拉格期。Z. australianum在蟒山群中的发现,扩展了该植物的地理分布范围,反映出蟒山群中的植物组合与坡松冲植物群存在一定联系。  相似文献   

Assessing the utility WorldView-2 imagery for tree species mapping in South African subtropical humid forest and the conservation implications: Dukuduku forest patch as case study     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2015

Indigenous forest biome in South Africa is highly fragmented into patches of various sizes (most patches < 1 km²). The utilization of timber and non-timber resources by poor rural communities living around protected forest patches produce subtle changes in the forest canopy which can be hardly detected on a timely manner using traditional field surveys. The aims of this study were to assess: (i) the utility of very high resolution (VHR) remote sensing imagery (WorldView-2, 0.5–2 m spatial resolution) for mapping tree species and canopy gaps in one of the protected subtropical coastal forests in South Africa (the Dukuduku forest patch (ca.3200 ha) located in the province of KwaZulu-Natal) and (ii) the implications of the map products to forest conservation. Three dominant canopy tree species namely, Albizia adianthifolia, Strychnos spp. and Acacia spp., and canopy gap types including bushes (grass/shrubby), bare soil and burnt patches were accurately mapped (overall accuracy = 89.3 ± 2.1%) using WorldView-2 image and support vector machine classifier. The maps revealed subtle forest disturbances such as bush encroachment and edge effects resulting from forest fragmentation by roads and a power-line. In two stakeholders’ workshops organised to assess the implications of the map products to conservation, participants generally agreed amongst others implications that the VHR maps provide valuable information that could be used for implementing and monitoring the effects of rehabilitation measures. The use of VHR imagery is recommended for timely inventorying and monitoring of the small and fragile patches of subtropical forests in Southern Africa.  相似文献   

Factors Influencing Fish Composition in an Australian Intermittently Open Estuary. Is Stability Salinity-Dependent?     

S. P. Griffiths 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2001,52(6):739

The ichthyofauna of the intermittently open Shellharbour Lagoon in southeastern Australia was sampled over 14 months to investigate factors influencing species composition. Zostera capricorni and bare sand habitats were sampled every two months with a fine-mesh seine. Of the 10 277 fish caught representing 19 families and 27 species, the most numerically dominant species were Pseudogobius olorum and Pseudomugil signifer. The most abundant economically important species were Acanthopagrus australis, Mugil cephalus and Myxus elongatus. Mean number of fish and species was significantly higher over Zostera than bare sand during months immediately after the estuary opened when juvenile marine fishes recruited, demonstrating the estuary's nursery function. In contrast to other intermittently open estuaries in Australia and South Africa, Shellharbour Lagoon's fish assemblage appears resilient to perturbation and does not undergo distinct seasonal variations. This may be a result of the estuary's short open phases providing less opportunity for marine fishes to enter. Perhaps more importantly, the less dramatic fluctuations in salinity between open and closed phases maintains salinity at a level intermediate of the tolerances of both marine and estuarine fishes.  相似文献   

Studies of community structure and seasonal dynamics of planktonic copepods in saline-alkaline ponds   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵文  董双林 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2005,23(2):189-193

Abstracts Species abundance and seasonal succession of copepods in saline-alkaline ponds were studied in Zhaodian Fish Farm, Gaoqing County, Shandong Province, from 5 April 1997 to 1 September 1998. The results indicated that in the conditions of salinity ranging from 1.36 to 20 g/L, total alkalinity changing from 2.4 to 7.2 mmol/L and pH 8-9, zooplankton in saline-alkaline ponds was composed of freshwater salt-tolerated species or halophile species, some of which are halobiont species and usually occurs in freshwater. In our study, copepods were predominant in many fish-culture ponds and all control ponds without fishes in spring, late autumn and early winter. Dominant species of copepods were Sinocalanus tenellus, Cyclops vicinus, Thermocyclops taihokuensis. The biomass of copepods in the control ponds without fishes was higher than that of the fish-culture ponds.  相似文献   

中国野鲮亚科鱼类一新属新种记述     

李维贤冉景丞  陈会明 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(3):1-2

描记采于贵州省茂兰自然保护区境内一洞穴的中国野鲮亚科（Labeoninae）一新属长臀鲮属Longanalus．sp nov和一个新种大鳍长臀鲮Longanalus macrochirous sp nov。新属以臀鳍分枝鳍条为7根等特征．区别于该亚科所有属；新种以偶鳍发达．胸鳍后伸达到腹鳍基，腹鳍后伸超过臀鳍起点等显著特征命名大鳍长臀鲮。  相似文献   

Three new species of Batrachospermum Roth (Batrachosper-maceae,Rhodophyta) in China     

谢树莲  施之新 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2005,23(2)

1 INTRODUCTION The first published records of genus Batra-chospermum Roth in China are from Jao (1941), when eleven taxa were reported. Since then, Shi, Hu and Kumano (1993), Shi (1994a, 1994b), Hua and Shi (1996), Xie et al. (1999, 2003), Xie and Shi (2003) have described in more detail the species from China. To date, 23 taxa of Batrachospermum Roth in China have been reported, of which, B. yunnanense, B. nothocladoideum and B. transito-rium are new species of this genus, and are…  相似文献   

贵州洞穴盲副鳅一新种     

李维贤冉景丞  陈会明 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(4):1-2

描记采于贵州茂兰自然保护区一洞穴的盲副鳅一新种．命名为茂兰盲副鳅Paracobitis maolanensis Li．Ranet Chen sp nov。该种与产于该县的长须盲副鳅Paracobitis longibarbatus Chen，Yang et Sket（1998）的区别为：①口须纤弱而不是发达；②鼻瓣不成须状；而不是鼻瓣发育成鼻须。③胸鳍较长．后伸接近腹鳍起点且形态特殊；④尾鳍深叉；⑤臀鳍条ii，5；而不是ii，6。新种与分布于广西的后鳍盲副鳅Paracobitis posterodarsalus Li，Rao et Chen的区别为：①背鳍起点与腹鳍起点相对；而不是在整个腹鳍之后；②口须纤弱鼻瓣不呈鼻须；而不是口须发达．鼻瓣发育成鼻须；③背鳍条iii，8；而不是iii，6；④臀鳍条ii，5；而不是ii，4；⑤胸鳍长而形态特殊。  相似文献   

云南鲤科鱼类一新种──犀角金线鲃     

李维贤  陶进能 《广东海洋大学学报》1994,(1)

描述采于云南省的金线属　鱼类一新种──犀角金线鲃（Ｓｉｎｏｃｙｃｌｏｃｈｅｉｌｕｓｒｈｉｎｏｃｅｒｏｕｓ，ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ）以头上长有一长角、眼小、侧线完全、体表裸露无鳞等区别于该属所有已知种。  相似文献   

A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS NEROCILA （ISOPODA： CYMOTHOIDAE） FROM THE EAST CHINA SEA     

于海燕  李新正 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2002,20(3):266-269

A new species of cymothoid Isopeda, Nerocila donghaiensis, collected from the body of a sciaenid fish, Johnius sp., is described in the present paper. The new species can be distinguished from the other species of genus Nerocila by its endoped of uropods with deep notch, sharply serrated on the lateral margin and strongly serrated on the medial margin; antennule with 1 st article swollen; dactyli of pereopods Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ swollen.  相似文献