建筑结构抗震能力评估技术的研究及应用     

杨仕升  秦荣  赵小莲  谢开仲 《世界地震工程》2004,20(4):100-106

简要介绍影响建筑结构抗震能力的主要因素，重点评述目前建筑结构抗震能力评估的主要技术方法并指出其存在的问题，展望今后抗震能力评估技术的应用及发展趋势。  相似文献   

一次强暴雨形成的动力机制   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

官元红  周伟灿  张兴强 《南京气象学院学报》2004,27(6):728-734

分析了1998年7月武汉强暴雨的天气演变特征，并从理论上探讨了强暴雨形成的动力机制。结果表明：低空急流先于暴雨生成，暴雨最强时低空急流也最强；高空急流入口区右侧及低空急流左侧非热成风梯度的存在，使得中尺度不稳定波的波振幅出现空间不稳定现象，高空急流右侧不稳定波的波振幅和低空急流左侧不稳定波的波振幅向暴雨区增加，暴雨区恰为这两支波叠加后振幅最大的区域，高低空急流耦合下的非热成风、中尺度对流-对称不稳定可能是这类强暴雨产生的动力原因之一。  相似文献   

高速公路软基加固质量的瑞利波检测与小波分析技术     

吴琛  周瑞忠 《岩土力学》2004,25(Z2):181-186

论述了用瑞利波检测高速公路软基加固的一些主要技术问题,应用新兴的小波分析技术,改善和提高检测的质量,并通过福宁高速公路的实际检测结果,说明了其思路和方法的正确性、实用性.  相似文献   

河西—祁连山地区近期形变场演化特征与孕震构造模式   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

王庆良 《地震》1994,(3):64-71

本文通过对河西－祁山地区近２０年形变场演化特征的分析，提出了代表该区区域应力松驰、岩石圈底部软流层对流加速以及地壳中上部应力强化与强震孕育三种应力状态的特征性形变图象，文章还通过典型强震构造组合特征、形变场特征的分析，提出了该区北西西、北东向两组构造的组合孕震模式，并利用上述孕震模式对该区近期强震危险地点进行了初步判定。  相似文献   

Slow slip transients along the Oaxaca subduction segment from 1993 to 2007     

M. Brudzinski  E. Cabral-Cano  F. Correa-Mora  C. DeMets  B. Márquez-Azúa 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,171(2):523-538

  相似文献   

断层旋性与地震危险性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭增建  吴瑾冰 《地学前缘》2001,8(2):247-252

文中以“平行同旋走滑断层减震”的观点论证了兰州、北京、昆明这些位于强震活动区的大城市今后百年内不会发生 6 .5级以上地震。以“平行异旋走滑断层加震”的观点解释了西南棱形块体北边界和南边界在发生大震方面相互促进的现象。对于由构造分段求震级来说 ,在遇到不同的横交断层作为分段点时 ,还需考虑将来发震时始破裂点的位置以及发震断层的旋性 ,不然就会造成对震级估计不足 ,继而成为抗震建设的潜在不安全因素。在主震后为了预报余震的强度 ,可应用物理学中的科里奥利力理论 ,应用时必须知道断层类型和旋性。对于走滑断层来说 ,左旋余震弱 ,右旋余震强。例如 1997年藏北玛尼 7.5级地震 ,余震仅为 5 .3级 ,震级偏小 ,因主震为左旋的缘故 ;1976年唐山 7.8级地震 ,余震可达 7.1级 ,因主震是右旋。对于逆断层来说 ,上盘错动方向在当地子午面左侧者余震强度大 ,在右侧者余震强度弱。据此讨论了 1999年台湾南投 7.6级大震余震强度达 7.1级是因为主震为逆断层 ,上盘向西错动。  相似文献   

Aseismio fault slip and block deformation in North China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lanbo Liu  Alan T. Linde  I. Selwyn Sacks  Shihai He 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1996,146(3-4):717-740

In North China, the tectonic fault-block system enables us to use the Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (DDA) method to simulate the long-term cross-fault survey and other geodetic data related to aseismic tectonic deformation. By the simulation we have found that: (1) Slips on faults with different orientation are generally in agreement with the ENE-WSW tectonic stress field, but the slip pattern of faulting can vary from nearly orthogonal, to pure shear along the strike of the faults, this pattern cannot be explained by simple geometric relation between the strike of the fault and the direction of the tectonic shortening. This phenomenon has been observed at many sites of cross-fault geodetic surveys, and might be caused by the interactions between different blocks and faults. (2) According to the DDA model, if the average aseismic slip rate along major active faults is at the order of several tenths of millimeter per year as observed by the cross-fault geodetic surveys, the typical strain rate inside a block is at the order of 10^–8 year^–1 or less, so that the rate of 10^–6 year^–1, as reported by observations in smaller areas, cannot be the representative deformation rate in this region. (3) Between the slips caused by regional compression and block rotation, there is a possibility that the sense of slip caused by rigid body rotation in two adjacent blocks is opposite to the slip caused by the tectonic compression. But the magnitude of slip resulting from the tectonic compression is much larger than that due to the block rotation. Thus, in general, the slip pattern on faults as a whole agrees with the sense of tectonic compression in this region. That is to say, the slip caused by regional compression dominates the entire slip budget. (4) Based on (3), some observed slips in contradiction to ENE tectonic stress field may be caused by more localized sources, and have no tectonic significance.  相似文献   

On seismic strengthening area before strong and great shocks and its mechanism   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋治平  梅世蓉  尹祥础 《地震学报(英文版)》1999,12(3):298-305

IntroductionI.thasbeenpayingattentiontotheanomalousphenomenonbyseismologiststhattheearthquakeactivityoftenstrengthensinacertainspaceandduringacertaintimearoundthesourceareabeforeastrongearthquake.Mogi(1969)pointedoutthataringdistributiveareaofthestrengthenedearthquakeactivityoftenappearsaroundthesourcearea10to20yearsbeforegreatshock,whichcalledaringphenomenon(or"doughnut").Afterthat,otherscholarsreportedinsuccessionthatringdistributionofearthquakeactivityoccurredbeforeastrongertquakeorevenbefo…  相似文献   

Seismic Activity Around and Under Krakatau Volcano,Sunda Arc: Constraints to the Source Region of Island Arc Volcanics     

Špičák  A.  Hanuš  V.  Vaněk  J. 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2002,46(3):545-565

There is general agreement that calc-alkaline volcanic rocks at convergent plate margins are genetically related to the process of subduction (Ringwood, 1974; Maaloe and Petersen, 1981; Hawkesworth et al., 1997). However, opinions on the mode and site of generation of primary magma for island arc volcanism differ substantially. The site of generation of calc-alkaline magma is thought to be either in the mantle wedge (Plank and Langmuir, 1988; McCulloch and Gamble, 1991) or in the subducting slab (White and Dupré, 1986; Defant and Drummond, 1990; Edwards et al., 1993; Ryan and Langmuir, 1993). We present seismological evidence in favour of the latter concept. A distinctive seismicity pattern around and under the Krakatau volcano was identified during systematic studies of the SE Asian convergent plate margins by means of global seismological data. A column-like cluster of events, probably associated with the dynamics of the volcano, is clearly separated from the events in the Wadati-Benioff zone. The accuracy of hypocentral determinations of the events of the cluster does not differ from the accuracy of the events belonging to the subducting slab. The depths of the cluster events vary from very shallow to about 100 km without any apparent discontinuity. On the other hand, there is a pronounced aseismic gap in the Wadati-Benioff zone directly beneath the volcano at depths between 100-150 km. The Krakatau cluster connects this aseismic gap to the volcano at the surface. The pervasive occurrence of earthquakes in the continental wedge between the subducting slab and the Earth surface bears witness to the brittle character of the continental lithosphere and casts doubt on the existence of large-scale melting of mantle material. The aseismic gap (Hanu and Vank, 1985), interpreted by us as a partially melted domain occurring in subducted slabs in practically all active subduction zones that reach depths greater than 100 km, is here used as evidence for the location of the primary source region of island arc volcanics in the subducting plate.  相似文献   

深厚覆盖层上高土石坝极限抗震能力分析   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

赵剑明  温彦锋  刘小生  陈宁  常亚屏  刘启旺  王宏 《岩土力学》2010,31(Z1):41-47

针对强震区深厚覆盖层上高土石坝的特点,在三维真非线性有效应力地震反应分析基础上,提出了一套深厚覆盖层上高土石坝极限抗震能力的研究方法。从稳定、变形、防渗体安全等方面,对建在深厚覆盖层上的长河坝高心墙堆石坝的极限抗震能力进行了研究和分析。根据坝坡稳定性、地震残余变形、液化可能性、单元抗震安全性、防渗心墙及坝基防渗墙安全等多角度的评价结果,初步认为,长河坝的极限抗震能力为0.50～0.55g。  相似文献