南沙群岛海域水体漫衰减系数Kd(490)的特性研究   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

张清凌  陈楚群  施平 《热带海洋学报》2003,22(1):9-16

对南沙群岛海区水体Kd(490）的特性进行了深入分析和探讨,研究结果表明：Kd（490）的垂直分布与同步测量的海水叶绿素a浓度的垂直分布有很强的相关性;Kd（490）的垂直分布反映出该区域海水存在较强的分层现象,研究中还发现上行辐亮度漫衰减系数KL（490）与Kd（490）垂直变化趋势相当一致,但是以二者达到最大值的深度为界,上层水体的KL（490）值稍大于Kd(490）值,在这一深度以下则相反。  相似文献   

Validation and Improvement of Satellite-Derived Surface Solar Radiation over the Northwestern Pacific Ocean     

Kawai  Yoshimi  Kawamura  Hiroshi 《Journal of Oceanography》2005,61(1):79-89

The purpose of this study is to validate and improve satellite-derived downward surface shortwave radiation (DSSR) over the northwestern Pacific Ocean using abundant in situ data. The DSSR derivation model used here assumes that the reduction of solar radiation by clouds is proportional to the product of satellite-measured albedo and a cloud attenuation coefficient. DSSR is calculated from Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-5/Visible Infrared Spin-Scan Radiometer data in 0.05° × 0.05° grids. The authors first compare the satellite DSSR derived with a cloud attenuation coefficient table determined in past research with in situ values. Although the hourly satellite DSSR agrees well with land in situ values in Japan, it has a bias of +13∼+34 W/m² over the ocean and the bias is especially large in the low latitudes. The authors then improve the coefficient table using the ocean in situ data. Usage of the new table successfully reduces the bias of the satellite DSSR over the ocean. The cloud attenuation coefficient for low-albedo cases over the ocean needs to be larger in the low latitudes than past research has indicated. Daily and hourly DSSR can be evaluated from the satellite data with RMS errors of 11–14% and 30–33%, respectively, over a wide region of the ocean by this model. It is also shown that the cloud attenuation coefficient over land needs to be smaller than over the ocean because the effect of the radiation reflected by the land surface cannot be ignored.  相似文献   

光生物反应器中光衰减特征与螺旋藻生长动力学研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

徐明芳  周远志  区德洪 《海洋科学》2001,25(11):32-37

分析了光照强度在光生物反应器中的分布特征，结果表明，当光波长及光传播的路径确定时，光生物反应器中光衰减特征主要受培养物生物量浓度的影响，由回归的模型对实验数据的拟合可分析光衰减特征与培养物生物量浓度的相关性，为光生物反应器中平均光照强度的确定奠定基础。在光生物反应器中，当营养底物和环境温度不是螺旋藻生长限制因子时，通过平均光照强度对螺旋藻比生长速率的影响分析，结果表明，在实验条件下，螺旋藻比生长速率与平均光照强度的动力学模型可用Aiba光生长抑制方程描述，光亲和系数Ks为238.29umol/(m^2.s)，光抑制系数Ki为0．00493s.m^2/umol，光生物反应器中螺旋藻生长的饱和光照强度出现在190－272umol/(m^2.s)的范围内。  相似文献   

When will the eel recover? A full life-cycle model     

Astrom  Marten; Dekker  Willem 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2007,64(7):1491-1498

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Optical water type discrimination and tuning remote sensing band-ratio algorithms: Application to retrieval of chlorophyll and K_d(490) in the Irish and Celtic Seas     

David McKee  Alex Cunningham  Agnes Dudek 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,73(3-4):827-834

This paper assesses the feasibility of applying remote sensing algorithms based on blue/green reflectance ratios to Case 2 waters. Two algorithms from the SeaDAS (NASA) image processing package, OC4v4 for surface chlorophyll concentration, Chl, and K(490) for the attenuation coefficient for downward irradiance at 490 nm, K_d(490), were investigated using an extensive set of observations from the Irish and Celtic Seas. In situ data from a profiling radiometer were used as inputs for the algorithms to avoid uncertainties in atmospheric correction procedures, and direct measurements of Chl and K_d490 and were used for validation purposes. The standard versions of the algorithms performed poorly: OC4v4 generally overestimated Chl (with a very low coefficient of determination), and K(490) progressively underestimated K_d490 for values greater than 0.3 m⁻¹. A two-step procedure for level 2 product generation was therefore devised in which the numerical coefficients of OC4v4 and K(490) were tuned for the two optical water types known to occur most frequently in this region (McKee, D., Cunningham, A., 2006. Identification and characterisation of two optical water types in the Irish Sea from in situ inherent optical properties and seawater constituents. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 68, 305–316) by statistical regression on a data set of 102 stations from the Irish and Celtic Seas. The water types were distinguished by the magnitude of their normalised water leaving radiance signals at 665 nm, nL_w(665), and appropriate versions of the tuned algorithms applied to each water type. When this procedure was tested on an independent data set of 19 stations from the Bristol Channel, Chl values were recovered with an RMS error of 0.36 mg m⁻³ and K_d(490) values with an RMS error of 0.095 m⁻¹. The identification of water types from water-leaving radiance signals, and the application of band-ratio algorithms tuned for specific water types, may therefore provide a simple means of improving the quality of remote sensing products in optically complex shelf seas.  相似文献   

台湾海峡1997年8月至1999年8月份海水光学衰减系数的分布特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张彩云  商少平  胡建宇  陈照章 《台湾海峡》2001,20(1):127-131

利用1997－1999年间8月份台湾海峡的实测资料，分析了海水光学衰减系数的垂直分布类型、水平分布特征。结果表明，台湾海峡海水光学衰减系数的垂直分布类型主要分为5种，大部分随深度而递增；光学衰减系数等值线基本与岸线平行，水平梯度自北向南、自近岸向外海递减，近岸等值线密集，而外海稀疏；影响台湾海峡光学衰减系数的主要因素是县浮物质（主要含浮游生物）和海流运动。  相似文献   

Nutrient attenuation in a shallow,gravel-bed river. II. Spatial and temporal changes in nitrogen dynamics and community metabolism     

J. Christopher Rutherford  Roger G. Young  John M. Quinn  Robert J. Wilcock 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2020,54(3):410-430

ABSTRACT

Instream processes alter the concentration and bioavailability of nutrients as they are transported downstream. By relating primary production and periphyton composition to changes in nutrient concentration in a gravel-bed river this study made inferences about recycling and attenuation. Where dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was abundant, concentrations decreased linearly with distance but by less than required to meet the nitrogen demand of primary production. Where DIN was barely measurable photosynthesis was reduced but only by 50%. We infer that recycling sustained primary production even when DIN concentrations were negligibly small. One implication is that DIN removal underestimates attenuation. Further experimental research on recycling and improved modelling is required to better quantify the length of streams adversely affected by nutrients.  相似文献   

海底沉积物颗粒因素在不同频率下对声衰减的影响     

刘强  卢博  黄韶健  张福生 《热带海洋学报》2007,26(4):27-31

综合了多个沉积物声学测量的实验方案,提出适合研究柱状海底沉积物声衰减的实验方案。对黏土质粉砂的物理性质和声学性质作了相关处理,得到了在高、低两种测量频率下该类型沉积物的波形特性、频谱特性和与沉积颗粒因素有关的孔隙度对声衰减比的影响。进一步作了相应的回归分析,低频时方差为0.169—0.175,高频时方差为0.029—0.032,尝试总结出黏土质粉砂类型沉积物在两种频率下的声衰减趋势。  相似文献   

对虾封闭式工厂化养殖水环境要素的变化特征及其相互关系   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

童万平  韦蔓新  何本茂 《台湾海峡》2004,23(1):19-23

根据2002年8月7～8日对虾工厂化养成中后期A、B代表池的实测数据，分析讨论了该时期养殖水体中环境要素的变化特征及其相互关系．结果表明：研究水体水温、盐度和溶解氧含量适宜．日变化幅度不大．但pH值略为偏低，而COD值明显偏高．与该时期投饵量大，残饵及排泄物明显增加有关．但对A池来说，生物作用的影响占主导地位，而对B池而言．则以化学过程影响为主．  相似文献   

甚高频电磁波多参数层析成像技术及其应用研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谭捍华  HUANG Jia-hui  黄家会  罗强  柳治国 《岩土力学》2008,29(12):3307-3310

电磁波速度或衰减层析成像技术单独用于岩溶勘察存在多解性缺陷,降低了应用的准确性.基于电阻率和相对介电常数直接反映溶洞与周围介质存在的电性差异,以电磁波速度和衰减层析成像理论为基础,提出了电阻率和相对介电常数层析成像理论,并应用于实例工程.通过对其电磁波速度、衰减、相对介电常数、电阻率4参数层析成像结果进行对比分析和钻探验证,证明了基于电磁波的电阻率和相对介电常数层析成像技术是可行的,形成了电磁波速度、衰减、相对介电常数、电阻率多参数层析成像综合分析方法,提高了电磁波层析成像技术探测溶洞及其充填情况的准确性.  相似文献