Petrology of the greenstones of the Lower Sorachi Group in the Sorachi–Yezo Belt, central Hokkaido, Japan, with special reference to discrimination between oceanic plateau basalts and mid-oceanic ridge basalts     

Tohru Nagahashi  Sumio Miyashita 《Island Arc》2002,11(2):122-141

Abstract   The Lower Sorachi Group of the Sorachi–Yezo Belt in central Hokkaido, Japan is a peculiar accretionary complex characterized by numerous occurrences of greenstones (metabasalts and diabases), which are mostly composed of aphyric basalts. Clinopyroxene-rich phenocryst assemblage in phyric basalts is different from olivine–plagioclase assemblage in mid-oceanic ridge basalts (MORB). The greenstones are geochemically uniform, and show a lower-Ti trend than MORB in an FeO*/MgO-TiO₂ diagram, mostly plotting on the island arc tholeiite (IAT) field in a TiO₂−10MnO−10P₂O₅ diagram. In a MORB-normalized spider diagram, the greenstones show a flat pattern from P to Y, which are lower than those of normal mid-oceanic ridge basalt (N-MORB). These indicate that the greenstones were derived by a higher degree of partial melting from a depleted mantle similar to a N-MORB source, and experienced olivine–clinopyroxene fractional crystallization. However, a positive spike of Nb in the spider diagram cannot be explained, and may be attributed to mantle heterogeneity. These characteristics are analogous to those of oceanic plateau basalts (OPB) such as in Ontong Java Plateau, Manihiki Plateau and Nauru Basin, suggesting that the greenstones in the Lower Sorachi Group are of oceanic plateau origin. The present study proposes new field divisions to distinguish OPB from MORB in the conventional FeO*/MgO–TiO₂ and TiO₂−10MnO−10P₂O₅ diagrams.  相似文献   

Cretaceous volcanic rocks of the South Tethyan suture zone, Pakistan: implications for the Réunion hotspot and Deccan Traps   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J.J. Mahoney  R.A. DuncanW. Khan  E. GnosG.R. McCormick 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2002,203(1):295-310

The location, ages, and geochemical characteristics of marine volcanic rocks preserved in the South Tethyan suture zone of Pakistan suggest that the Réunion hotspot was active off northwestern Greater India well before the emplacement, far to the south, of the Deccan flood basalts, the great bulk of which were erupted at 65-66 Ma and are widely believed to be associated with the hotspot’s plume-head phase. Most of the suture zone samples have Nd-Pb-Sr isotopic ratios (e.g. age-corrected ?_Nd(t)=+3.0 to +4.6) close to those expected for modern-type Réunion source mantle in the Late Cretaceous, and their incompatible element patterns resemble those of recent Réunion shield lavas. ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar incremental heating yields ages of 73.4-72.0 Ma. Nevertheless, unless even older ages are discovered among the suture zone rocks, a pre-Deccan marine phase of Réunion hotspot activity on the Tethyan side of Greater India can be accommodated within the framework of the plume-head model.  相似文献   

云南省丽江-宾川地区二叠纪玄武岩地球化学特征及其构造背景研究     

朱士飞  秦勇  钱壮志  高艳青 《矿物岩石》2008,28(1):64-71

在峨眉山大火成岩省中,宾川-丽江地区的溢流玄武岩厚度最大,发育较为完整.该区岩石ω(SiO2)(36.72%～51.44%),微量元素中不相客元素如大离子亲石元素K,Rb,Cs,Ba,Th富集;高场强元素Ta,Nd,Hf,Zr以及LREE含量低.它们的岩石地球化学性质呈现递变性,富集轻稀土和大离子亲石元素,具有与洋岛玄武岩相似的地球化学特征,为板内拉张玄武岩.通过对其进行岩石学和地球化学研究,系统分析该区玄武岩岩石地球化学及其岩浆活动特征.认为研究区玄武岩可划分为3个系列:高镁(ωMgO=12.3%～14.3%)、低镁(ωMgO=2.48%～7.53%)和过渡系列(ωMgO=10.4%～11.3%)火山岩.高镁系列玄武岩岩石接近原始岩浆的组成,岩浆源区可能为下地慢,形成深度大,源区地幔部分熔融比例小;低镁系列玄武岩受到较强的地壳混柒作用的影响,显示出富集岩石圈地幔或地壳物质的参与,形成深度浅,熔融比例较大,可能有地壳物质混染;过渡系列介于前两者之间.根据玄武岩大地构造环境判别图解,确定玄武岩形成于大陆拉张环境,与地幔柱活动有关.  相似文献   

青藏高原中部中生代OIB型玄武岩的识别:年代学、地球化学及其构造环境   总被引：32，自引：1，他引：31  

朱弟成  潘桂棠  莫宣学  王立全  赵志丹  廖忠礼  耿全如  董国臣 《地质学报》2006,80(9):1312-1328

目前对青藏高中部的蛇绿岩类型、形成环境及其深部地幔源区特征还缺乏很好的约束。在区域地质调查基础上,本文展示了青藏高原中部龙木错—双湖缝合带嘎错玄武岩、班公湖—怒江缝合带多玛、塔仁本玄武岩及那曲盆地西侧中生代玄武岩的单斜辉石Ar-Ar测年、锆石SHRIMP定年和地球化学及Sr,Nd,Pb同位素数据,以约束形成这些玄武岩的时代、构造环境和地幔源区特征。目前的数据表明:1羌塘双湖嘎错枕状玄武岩单斜辉石的中温坪年龄为232.5±2.4Ma,可能指示嘎错玄武岩浆活动发生于中三叠世晚期,班公湖—怒江缝合带多玛枕状玄武岩、塔仁本玄武岩浆活动时代大约在早白垩世中晚期(110Ma左右);2在这些蛇绿混杂岩带中的玄武岩显示OIB而不是MORB型地球化学特征,双湖嘎错玄武岩的地球化学特征介于峨眉山高Ti玄武岩与夏威夷碱性玄武岩之间;中晚三叠世那曲嘎加组玄武岩的地球化学特征非常类似于夏威夷碱性玄武岩;班公湖—怒江缝合带内的早白垩世多玛玄武岩和塔仁本玄武岩的地球化学特征在很大程度上可比于夏威夷碱性玄武岩;3双湖嘎错OIB型玄武岩可能形成于以增生楔为基底的裂谷环境而不是以洋壳为基底的大洋板内环境,那曲嘎加组OIB型玄武岩很可能形成于以弧内—弧前沉积物为基底的陆棚—陆坡环境下的裂谷背景,塔仁本和多玛OIB型玄武岩形成于以洋壳为基底的洋岛环境,这表明班公湖—怒江洋壳在大约110Ma时尚未彻底消亡,可能暗示班公湖—怒江洋盆的关闭时间明显晚于晚侏罗世—早白垩世早期闭合的早期认识;4地球化学指标显示青藏高原中部中生代玄武岩未受到地壳物质或很少受到陆下岩石圈物质改造,一些相对新鲜样品的Nd,Pb组成似乎可以用来代表其地幔源区的成分特点,其高206Pb/204Pb比值(>18.5)指示羌塘双湖中晚三叠世嘎错玄武岩、班公湖—怒江缝合带早白垩世洋岛玄武岩所代表的中生代特提斯地幔很可能不具“Dupal”异常。然而,由于研究程度的限制和缺乏更多的可靠数据,这种观察还需要进一步确认。  相似文献   

湘东北应家山古近纪玄武岩地球化学特征及其成因意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

彭头平  王岳军  彭冰霞  韦牡 《地球化学》2006,35(4):395-404

湘东北应家山玄武岩的K-Ar年龄为(62.1±0.9)Ma,喷发于古近纪,属亚碱性玄武岩。低MgO(5.65%～7.08%),Mg#(0.52～0.58),Nb-Ta明显亏损,无Eu负异常(Eu/Eu=0.93～1.11),(La/Yb)N=6.2～7.0,Zr/Nb=8.56～9.53,Ce/Y=1.57～1.72,表明其岩浆来源于较浅部的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩地幔大比例部分熔融。样品明显亏损Nb-Ta,富集LREE和LILE,初始87Sr/86Sr=0.708266～0.708464,εNd(63Ma)=-1.51～-2.02,暗示其源区为受到过早期俯冲流体交代的富集岩石圈地幔。结合区域上粤北、赣西北、闽西和琼南晚中生代基性岩脉的研究资料,表明华南内部存在一个相似的受到过早期流体交代的EMⅡ型富集岩石圈地幔。这一研究为了解华南内部中新生代以来陆下岩石圈地幔的属性以及构造演化提供了重要的信息。  相似文献   

滇西羊拉矿区火山岩痕量元素地球化学     

魏君奇 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1999,(3)

云南省德钦县羊拉乡的羊拉铜矿,地处金沙江缝合带中段。矿区地层划分为羊拉岩组和里农岩组,矿区火山岩由两个岩组的火山岩组成,主要沿金沙江西侧分布,构成一条区域性出露面积达１５０ｋｍ２、总厚度约４００ｍ的火山岩岩带。羊拉岩组玄武岩锆石ＵＰｂ不一致线的下交...  相似文献   

Signatures of the source for the Emeishan flood basalts in the Ertan area： Pb isotope evidence   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

严再飞  黄智龙  许成  陈觅  张振亮 《中国地球化学学报》2007,26(2):207-213

The Emeishan flood basalts can be divided into high-Ti (HT) basalt (Ti/Y>500) and low-Ti (LT) basalt (Ti/Y<500). Sr, Nd isotopic characteristics of the lavas indicate that the LT- and the HT-type magmas originated from distinct mantle sources and parental magmas. The LT-type magma was derived from a shallower lithospheric mantle, whereas the HT-type magma was derived from a deeper mantle source that may be possibly a mantle plume. However, few studies on the Emeishan flood basalts involved their Pb isotopes, especially the Ertan basalts. In this paper, the authors investigated basalt samples from the Ertan area in terms of Pb isotopes, in order to constrain the source of the Emeishan flood basalts. The ratios of 206Pb/204Pb (18.31–18.41), 207Pb/204Pb (15.55–15.56) and 208Pb/204Pb (38.81–38.94) are significantly higher than those of the depleted mantle, just lying between EM I and EM II. This indicates that the Emeishan HT basalts (in the Ertan area) are the result of mixing of EMI end-member and EMII end-member.  相似文献   

Origin of high field strength element enrichment in volcanic arcs: Geochemical evidence from the Sulu Arc, southern Philippines   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P.R. Castillo  S.J. Rigby  R.U. Solidum   《Lithos》2007,97(3-4):271-288

Lavas from the Sulu Arc, southern Philippines, exhibit an enrichment in high field strength elements (HFSE) that represents a departure from the typical volcanic arc geochemical signature. It has been postulated that this relative enrichment arises from metasomatism of mantle wedge peridotites by melts derived from the subducting oceanic lithosphere, through formation of amphibole which subsequently breaks down and enriches the mantle source of parental arc magmas in HFSE. Divergent chemical and isotopic characteristics between Sulu Arc HFSE-enriched lavas and the Sulu Sea crust being subducted—the presumed source of slab-derived melts—render it unlikely, however, that HFSE enrichment arises from the influence of such melts. New geochemical data suggest that the varying degrees of HFSE enrichment in Sulu Arc lavas are instead the result of variable amounts of mixing between enriched and depleted mantle end-components—the sources of South China Sea intraplate lavas and Sulu seafloor basalts, respectively—within a compositionally heterogeneous mantle wedge.  相似文献   

峨眉山高钛玄武岩物源的不均一性研究     

严再飞  黄智龙  程礼军  许成  陈觅 《矿物岩石》2007,27(4):60-65

对二滩地区高钛玄武岩物源研究表明,该区岩石可分为高钛-1和高钛-2两种岩石类型。其反映了二滩高钛玄武岩浆物源的不均一性,这种不均一性主要表现在:1)微量元素Zr,Sr含量明显不同;2)部分熔融程度和熔融压力不同;3)岩浆的结晶分异不同;4)Pb同位素比值不同。这可能是深源地幔柱(来自核-幔边界或下地幔)在上升过程中携带的不同物质发生部分熔融所致。  相似文献   

Two distinct Miocene age ranges of basaltic rocks from the Rhön and Heldburg areas (Germany) based on Ar/Ar step heating data     

Michael Abratis  Jonas Mädler  Siegfried Hautmann  Romain Meyer  Lothar Viereck-Götte 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2007,67(2):133-150

New ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age data are determined for Cenozoic basaltic rocks from the Thuringian Rhön and Heldburg Gangschar (area also referred to as Grabfeld), integral parts of the Central European Volcanic Province. Applying the incremental heating technique on groundmass and plagioclase separates provided data which considerably specify our knowledge on the eruption ages in these volcanic fields and narrow down the duration of volcanic activity compared to earlier studies. All data but one outlier range between 20 and 14 Ma, being thus similar to those of the neighbouring Vogelsberg volcanic complex. The spectrum of ages is clearly divided into two distinct subsets: the Rhön ages are between 20 and 18 Ma, those of the Heldburg Gangschar are between 16 and 14 Ma. Thus, the present data clearly indicate a striking regional and temporal division of the Thuringian Miocene volcanism. The composition of the volcanic rocks in the two volcanic fields is remarkably diverse, ranging from tholeiitic basalts over alkali basalts and basanites to nephelinites. However, radiometric ages do not correlate with geochemical or petrological characteristics of the volcanics within each volcanic field, indicating that the different magma types erupted broadly contemporaneously.The outlier in age (29 Ma) is from a volcanic dyke of the NE Rhön area close to the NW end of the Thuringian Forest. However, more data are required to approve the significance of this age value, in particular since the rock showed isotopic age disturbance.  相似文献