Regional and temporal changes in bivalve diversity off the south coast of Portugal     

M.M. Rufino  M.B. Gaspar  F. Maynou  C.C. Monteiro 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,80(4):517-528

From 2000 to 2006, a total of 75 bivalve species were identified, varying from 29 (spring 2001) to 54 species (spring 2005) per year. Seasonal tendencies in diversity varied according the year, thus the interpretation of long-term and regional scales is essential before drawing any conclusions in other studies. Richness and diversity consistently decreased with depth and increased with sediment grain size (from low in very coarse sand to high in coarse silt). Diversity decreased progressively from 3 to 16 m depth, thus the harsher shallower environments (due to waves and tidal air exposure) showed greater diversity than the most stable areas. Communities in finer sediments were more diverse than those in coarser sand. Evenness showed patterns opposite to diversity, overall.Diversity and evenness maps (produced with multivariate universal kriging), showed that most geographic areas with greater diversity were farer from river outflows and wastewater treatment plants. Two types of geographic pattern were observed: areas with persistently greater bivalve diversity through time and areas that changed locally from year to year. This spatial analysis can be used to establish priority conservation areas for management purposes, and to analyse the persistency of regional diversity patterns. The area with most habitat heterogeneity (Sotavento) corresponded to greatest diversity.There was a positive relationship between Spisula solida and Chamelea gallina landings and bivalve diversity 2 years and 1 year later, respectively. Possibly, local fisheries, by selectively withdrawing the commercial numerically dominant species from the ecosystem, increased diversity 1 to 2 years later, as the ecological niches of the dominants are quickly filled by several other species thereby creating a more even community. On regional scales, no significant impact was found on long-term bivalve diversity in local fisheries,  相似文献   

Enhancement of jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) populations by extensive aquaculture rafts in a coastal lagoon in Taiwan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lo  Wen-Tseng; Purcell  Jennifer E.; Hung  Jia-Jang; Su  Huei-Meei; Hsu  Pei-Kai 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2008,65(3):453-461

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广东流沙湾5种贝类的δ~（13）C值和δ~（15）N值研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨国欢  侯秀琼  孙省利  卢仕严 《台湾海峡》2012,31(4):484-488

广东流沙湾海水养殖业发达,尤其是贝类增养殖已成为当地的支柱产业.但近年来其养殖环境的恶化对贝类产品的安全输出造成了越来越严重的影响,利用稳定同位素技术研究贝类的新陈代谢过程可为贝类增养殖提供较先进的基础数据.本研究选取流沙湾的5种重要养殖贝类,对其肌肉组织、鳃、外套膜和内脏囊分别进行稳定碳、氮同位素测定分析.结果表明,贝类δ13C值的范围是-19.14‰～-15.11‰,δ15N值的范围是6.10‰～10.57‰.从大小、组织、种类三方面比较5种贝类的稳定碳氮同位素比值,可得出如下结论：同种贝类,大小不同,其δ13C、δ15N值大都随壳长、壳重的增大而减小,但翡翠贻贝（Pernaviridis）的δ13C值和墨西哥湾扇贝（Argopecten irradians concentricus）的δ15N值则相反,无论大、小组之间δ13C、δ15N值的变化是增大还是减小,幅度均不超过1.00‰;同种贝类,组织不同,其δ13C、δ15N的最小值均为内脏囊,δ13C的最大值不定,δ15N的最大值也是内脏囊;相同组织,不同贝类,其δ13C、δ15N值的大小排列顺序各不相同,无统一规律,但华贵栉孔扇贝（Chlamys nobilis）的δ13C值均小于墨西哥湾扇贝,而马氏珠母贝（Pinctada martensii）的δ15N值均小于企鹅珍珠贝（Pteria penguin）.由研究数据可推知流沙湾双壳贝类的物质与能量流动途径基本是由内脏囊到外套膜和鳃,最后到肌肉.  相似文献   

山东淄博晚石炭世双壳类动物群及其古生态特征     

李儒峰  门凤岐 《现代地质》1995,9(1):11-17,T001

本文记述了采自山东淄博地区晚石炭世太原组双壳类化石１５属２８种，讨论了化石组合特征．在研究双壳类动物群的基础上，划分了３个动物群落，即：Ａｃａｎｔｈｏｐｅｃｔｅｎ群落、Ｐａｌａｃｏｌｉｍａ群落和Ａｉｔａｒｔｅｌｌａ群落，并对各群落的生态特征进行了系统研究．  相似文献   

The potential of ocean acidification on suppressing larval development in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and blood cockle Arca inflata Reeve     

李加琦  蒋增杰  张继红  毛玉泽  卞大鹏  方建光 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(6):1307-1313

We evaluated the effect of pH on larval development in larval Pacific oyster （Crassostrea gigas） and blood cockle （Arca inflata Reeve）. The larvae were reared at pH 8.2 （control）, 7.9, 7.6, or 7.3 beginning 30 min or 24 h post fertilization. Exposure to lower pH during early embryonic development inhibited larval shell formation in both species. Compared with the control, larvae took longer to reach the D-veliger stage when reared under pH 7.6 and 7.3. Exposure to lower pH immediately after fertilization resulted in significantly delayed shell formation in the Pacific oyster larvae at pH 7.3 and blood cockle larvae at pH 7.6 and 7.3. However, when exposure was delayed until 24 h post fertilization, shell formation was only inhibited in blood cockle larvae reared at pH 7.3. Thus, the early embryonic stages were more sensitive to acidified conditions. Our results suggest that ocean acidification will have an adverse effect on embryonic development in bivalves. Although the effects appear subtle, they may accumulate and lead to subsequent issues during later larval development.  相似文献   

Effects of the oophagous bivalve Acesta oophaga on the morphology and fecundity of its deep‐sea tubeworm host,Lamellibrachia luymesi     

Zair P. Burris  Joshua P. Lord  Craig M. Young 《Marine Ecology》2014,35(1):106-111

The deep‐sea bivalve Acesta oophaga lives attached to the anterior end of the vestimentiferan tubeworm, Lamellibrachia luymesi, at cold methane seeps. The bivalve is found almost exclusively on female tubeworms, where it consumes the lipid‐rich eggs of L. luymesi that are spawned year round (Biological Bulletin, 209, 2005, 87). It is apparent that A. oophaga benefits directly from this close association, but the consequences for the tubeworm host may be more complicated than just a simple predator–prey interaction. Since A. oophaga completely surrounds the tube opening and plume of the worm, it is likely that its presence would limit oxygen uptake by L. luymesi, thereby inhibiting worm growth and reproduction. We hypothesized that occupied tubeworms would compensate for this by growing larger plumes for oxygen uptake. To explore the effects of bivalve presence/absence on female tubeworms, several morphological features, including body size, plume length, tube diameter, and tube segment length, as well as instantaneous fecundity, were compared. Results suggest that the mere presence of A. oophaga has a significant impact on the morphology of its host worm, as all measures of worm size, except for tube segment length, were significantly greater with clams present. Additionally, instantaneous fecundity was 3.5 times higher in occupied worms, implying that tubeworms are not oxygen‐deprived or energy limited as a result of bivalve presence. Our findings suggest that the association between these two deep‐sea organisms may be a more complex form of symbiosis than the simple predator–prey relationship, as previously thought.  相似文献   

双壳贝类CK1基因家族的鉴定及表达分析     

孙凤芝  吕珍立  刘福云  邢强  连姗姗  王师  包立随 《海洋与湖沼》2023,54(5):1401-1412

酪蛋白激酶1 (CK1)是一种重要的蛋白激酶家族,其在DNA损伤应答和修复、细胞增殖和凋亡、胚胎发育和稳态等重要的生物学过程中都具有复杂多样的调控作用。为了理解CK1基因家族在双壳贝类中的特征、进化及生物学功能,实验采用比较基因组学及生物信息学的方法对双壳贝类CK1基因家族进行了鉴定分析,通过虾夷扇贝高温应激实验,研究了CK1基因家族在高温应激时的表达规律。结果显示,在虾夷扇贝、栉孔扇贝、长牡蛎与侏儒蛤中均存在CK1α,CK1αlike,CK1δ,CK1γ3,并发现CK1ε,CK1γ1,CK1γ2在双壳贝类中发生了丢失。时空表达分析发现,双壳贝类CK1基因均在胚胎发育早期集中表达,并以多细胞/囊胚期为界呈现出母源/合子特异性表达模式。CK1为关键基因的基因共表达模块显著富集在错配修复、核苷酸剪切修复等相关通路上,暗示了CK1基因在双壳贝类胚胎发育过程中参与调控DNA损伤修复过程,从而维持早期胚胎发育时的基因组稳定性。双壳贝类CK1基因在成体中呈现组织特异的表达模式,主要在鳃和雄性性腺中具有相对较高的表达量。虾夷扇贝受到高温应激后,其鳃中PyCK1α, PyCK1αlike和PyCK1δ...  相似文献   

四川广元恐龙化石埋藏地上沙溪庙组的双壳动物群   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王全伟  阚泽忠  朱兵  梁斌  杨恒书 《四川地质学报》2005,25(1):1-3

在四川广元河西乡恐龙化石埋藏地的上沙溪庙组地层中,采获的丰富的双壳类化石,属于Cuneopsis-Psilunio-Eolamprotula淡水双壳类动物群。上沙溪庙组中的双壳化石表明,含有恐龙化石的这套地层的时代为中侏罗世,从而为广元河西乡恐龙动物群时代的确定提供了新的资料。  相似文献   

Mussel reefs on soft sediments: a severely reduced but important habitat for macroinvertebrates and fishes in New Zealand     

IM McLeod  DM Parsons  MA Morrison  SG Van Dijken  RB Taylor 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(1):48-59

Green-lipped mussels (Perna canaliculus) formed extensive reefs on soft sediments in sheltered embayments around northern New Zealand until overfishing and/or increased sediment input caused their virtual disappearance by 1980. To determine the role of mussel reefs as habitat for other animals, we located remnant soft-sediment reefs in five locations and compared the density, biomass, productivity and composition of mobile macroinvertebrate communities, and the density of small fishes associated with mussels, with fauna in the surrounding soft sediments. The mussel reefs had a distinct assemblage of macroinvertebrates, which had 3.5 times the density, 3.4 times the biomass and 3.5 times the productivity of surrounding areas. The density of small fishes was 13.7 times higher than in surrounding areas. These results show that soft-sediment mussel reefs support an abundant and productive fauna, highlighting the probable large loss of productivity associated with the historical decline in mussel habitat and the consequent desirability of restoration efforts.  相似文献   

泰国、老挝南部和越南中部的非海相白垩纪双壳类生物地层学     

沙金庚  Assanee MEESOOK  Xuan Khien NGUYEN 《地层学杂志》2012,(2):382-399

泰国、老挝和越南白垩纪沉积全属非海相,它们广泛分布于泰国北部、东北部、西南部和南部,老挝北部、中部和南部,越南东北部、西北部、中部和南部。泰国南部的白垩纪地层分为Lam Thap,Sam Chom和Phun Phin组;其他地区,特别是西北部的呵叻高原地区的白垩系属呵叻群的Phra Wihan,Sao Khua,Phu Phan,Khok Kruat,Maha Sarakham及Phu Thok组。在老挝,万象盆地的白垩系由老挝呵叻群的NamSet,Phu Phanang,Ban Ang,Champa和Ban Thalat组与丰洪群的Thangon和Saysomboun组组成;沙湾拿吉(东兴)盆地的白垩系由南通(河)群的Nam Phouan,Nam Xot,Nam Noy和Nong Boua组组成。越南的白垩系在西北部分为Nam Na,Yen Chau,Van Chan和Ngoi Thia组,东北部为Ban Hang组,中部分为NhaTrang,Mu Gia和Dong Dzuong组,南部则为Phu Quoc组。三国白垩系的岩性普遍以红棕色至浅灰色砂岩、砾(岩质)砂岩、粉砂岩、泥岩和砾岩为主。泥岩中具有钙质结核和硅结砾岩,但盐和石膏仅见于Maha Sarakham,Saysomboun和Yen Chau组内。过去,这些白垩纪地层的生物地层没有经过详细研究。根据地层层序和化石对比,在泰国东北部呵叻高原和南部半岛地区及老挝南部沙湾拿吉(东兴)盆地中识别出了2个标记非海相白垩纪的类三角蚌类化石组合:阿普特期(但可上延至阿尔必期)的Trigonioides(Trigonioides)kobayashi-Plicatounio(Guangxiconcha)suzukii组合,阿普特阿尔必期(但主要为阿尔必期)的Trigonioides(Diversitrigonioides)diversicostatus-Pseudohyria subovalis组合。越南中部可能也产早白垩世阿普特阿尔必期的类三角蚌类双壳类Plisatouniosp.-Trigonioidessp.组合。通过双壳类组合,并结合包括孢粉和恐龙在内的其他化石的对比,泰国北部和南部、老挝南部和越南中部的非海相白垩纪地层得到了定年和对比,从而揭示了东南亚非海相白垩纪盆地的演化历史。  相似文献