上海及邻区尾波Q值研究     

赵文舟  李伟  陈婧  温燕林  任烨 《内陆地震》2014,28(3)

选取2011年1月~2012年12月上海台网数据库中记录的37次ML≥2.0地震的数字地震波资料,利用单次散射的Aki模型,计算上海及邻区尾波Q值,拟合Q值对频率的依赖关系,结果为Q(f)=(176.2±87.26)·f0.898 4±0.290 8。与国内其他区域相比,本区域Q值偏大,对频率依赖性低。结合上海及邻区地质特征及同期小震空间分布特点,将研究区域划分为以下4个小震密集区:苏中沿海区域、南黄海区域、苏州—东海区域、宁波—舟山区域,分区进行Q值统计分析,表明尾波Q值数据能够较好地反映该区域地震活动性。  相似文献   

Poroelastic finite-difference modeling for ultrasonic waves in digital porous cores          下载免费PDF全文

Li-Yun Fu  Yan Zhang  Zhenglin Pei  Wei Wei  Luxin Zhang 《地震科学（英文版）》2014,27(3):285-299

Scattering attenuation in short wavelengths has long been interesting to geophysicists. Ultrasonic coda waves, observed as the tail portion of ultrasonic wavetrains in laboratory ultrasonic measurements, are important for such studies where ultrasonic waves interact with small-scale random heterogeneities on a scale of micrometers, but often ignored as noises because of the contamination of boundary reflections from the side ends of a sample core. Numerical simulations with accurate absorbing boundary can provide insight into the effect of boundary reflections on coda waves in laboratory experiments. The simulation of wave propagation in digital and heterogeneous porous cores really challenges numerical techniques by digital image of poroelastic properties, numerical dispersion at high frequency and strong heterogeneity, and accurate absorbing boundary schemes at grazing incidence. To overcome these difficulties, we present a staggered-grid high-order finite-difference (FD) method of Biot’s poroelastic equations, with an arbitrary even-order (2L) accuracy to simulate ultrasonic wave propagation in digital porous cores with strong heterogeneity. An unsplit convolutional perfectly matched layer (CPML) absorbing boundary, which improves conventional PML methods at grazing incidence with less memory and better computational efficiency, is employed in the simulation to investigate the influence of boundary reflections on ultrasonic coda waves. Numerical experiments with saturated poroelastic media demonstrate that the 2L FD scheme with the CPML for ultrasonic wave propagation significantly improves stability conditions at strong heterogeneity and absorbing performance at grazing incidence. The boundary reflections from the artificial boundary surrounding the digital core decay fast with the increase of CPML thicknesses, almost disappearing at the CPML thickness of 15 grids. Comparisons of the resulting ultrasonic coda Q _sc values between the numerical and experimental ultrasonic S waveforms for a cylindrical rock sample demonstrate that the boundary reflection may contribute around one-third of the ultrasonic coda attenuation observed in laboratory experiments.  相似文献   

大庆林甸县M5.1地震序列尾波Q_c值特征研究     

刘长生  魏晓红 《地震地磁观测与研究》2015,(1)

基于Sato单次散射模型,利用黑龙江省大庆数字化测震台网近场数字地震波形记录资料,分析计算2005年7月25日大庆林甸M5.1地震后地壳介质的尾波Qc值变化,拟合Qc值与频率之间的依赖关系,为Qc=36.58±8.67f(0.9787±0.0837)。对大庆地区2005年7月至2006年2月的余震序列尾波Qc值变化特征进行分析,结果表明,主震后该序列尾波Qc值发生显著变化。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯块体Lg尾波衰减及其分布图像   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘红桂  周红晖  陈书清  金春华 《地球物理学进展》2008,23(2):351-358

利用32个地震台站记录到的19次地震事件共487条垂直方向数字化波形记录,采用单台记录叠加频谱比法(SSR法)计算得到了每条地震记录在0.6～10Hz范围内共51个频率点的Lg尾波Q值,并统计得到了鄂尔多斯块体Lg尾波衰减的频率依赖关系.同时,利用遗传算法计算得到了鄂尔多斯块体Lg尾波在频率为1Hz处的衰减(Q0)值、频率依赖指数(η)值的空间分布,并计算了其误差的空间分布,讨论了成像分辨率.结果表明,鄂尔多斯块体虽然是一个稳定构造地区,但其Lg尾波Q0值低于加拿大地盾、西伯利亚地台的Q0值,其η值大于加拿大地盾、西伯利亚地台的结果,且其Q0值、η值具有横向不均匀性的特征.Q0值的空间分布与地震活动、地热流值分布具有较好的一致性.  相似文献   

Crustal scattering at the KTB from a combined microearthquake and receiver analysis     

Andreas Rietbrock  & Frank Scherbaum 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,136(1):57-67

In December of 1994 a fluid injection experiment which triggered several hundreds of microearthquakes was conducted at the KTB main borehole (Oberpfalz, Germany). These events were recorded with a temporal seismic network at the surface. Out of the complete data set, a cluster of five events recorded at four mini-arrays consisting of eight or nine stations was used to investigate the crustal scattering properties in the vicinity of the KTB. For this purpose, the 'Double Beam Method' (DBM; Krüger et al . 1993 , 1995 , 1996) and the 'Double Beam Imaging Method' (Scherbaum, Krüger & Weber 1997) were extended to curved wave fronts to drop the restriction of plane-wave propagation. This technique is used for imaging the crustal scattering strength using earthquake clusters recorded at close-by mini-arrays. The results of the array analysis show that the composition of the P coda is mainly affected by the site location of the arrays. Near-surface and deeper crustal scattering contribute in a very complicated pattern. Furthermore, with the present data set it was possible to identify reflections from the top of the Erbendorf Body. This is a very pronounced arrival in most of the recorded traces. In one of the arrays its amplitudes are even greater than the direct P phases. Five to eight coherent phases could be identified by the mini-arrays. Using only these phases, synthetic P -coda traces were constructed, which only contain the coherent part of the observed wavefield. By subtracting the synthetic coherent wavefield from the original traces we achieve a variance reduction in the P coda of up to 37 per cent. This leads to the conclusion that a large amount of the P coda at the KTB can be modelled by a simple deterministic single-scattering model using a small number of individual scatterers.  相似文献   

Residence time of diffuse waves in the crust as a physical interpretation of coda Q: application to seismograms recorded in Mexico   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

L. Margerin  M. Campillo  N. M. Shapiro  & B. van Tiggelen 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,138(2):343-352

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On the generation and decay of the long-period coda energy of large earthquakes          下载免费PDF全文

Xinyu Jiang  Xiaodong Song  Han H.Xia  Richard L.Weaver 《地震科学（英文版）》2021,34(2):103-113

Seismic coda wave is the tail portion of the earthquake record after main arrivals. Studies on the coda usually focus on high-frequency data within several hours after regional events and attribute them to the scattering effect of the heterogeneities inside the earth. Here, we use records of seven large earthquakes at globally distributed seismic stations to examine the decay of long-period (100 s to 300 s) coda in the time window of 10,000 s to 140,000 s after the origin time and fit it with a statistical model. The geometric spreading effect in the estimated initial energy and a location-independent equivalent attenuation coefficient indicate that the long-period coda energy is less affected by the heterogeneity-induced scattering effect than that of shorter-period coda. The coda energy can reach the earth's inner core and can be explained by a 1D earth model, making it more effective for constraining the global attenuation model. It also has the potential to determine the magnitudes of large earthquakes and to explore the interior of planetary bodies.  相似文献   

The physical implication of coda amplitude ratio and its possible application     

Tian-Zhong Zhang  Yun-Sheng Ma  Rong-Liang Huang 《地震学报(英文版)》1998,11(4):441-448

The physical implication of coda amplitude ratio is discussed in term of energy ratio. The digitized data recorded at the station of Beijing Telemetered Seismograph Network between 1989 and 1990 are used to calculate amplitude ratios of coda to direct S wave, and energy ratios. The spectral energy ratios are used to estimate the coda Q and mean free path l in the Beijing area, as well as the two quality factors Q _i and Q _S separately due to intrinsic absorption and scattering attenuation. The decay of seismic waves in their propagation seems mainly resulted from the intrinsic absorption in Beijing region. The temporal variations of amplitude ratio and energy ratio at Changli station during the above two years are inspected; some of them largely depart from their mean value. It may reflect the seismogenic process, but using the data lasting longer time with more case histories needs further study. This study is sponsored by the Key Project of State Science and Technology of China, No. 96-918.  相似文献   

Constituents of Vertical-component Coda Waves at Long Periods     

Takuto Maeda  Haruo Sato  Masakazu Ohtake 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2006,163(2-3):549-566

Aki (1969) first modeled coda waves of a local earthquake as a superposition of scattered surface waves. This paper attempts to clarify the constituents of surface-wave coda at long periods at very long lapse times. For a large earthquake of magnitude 7 or larger, vertical component oscillation in periods from 90 to 180 s persists for more than 20 hours from the earthquake origin time. Although the early portion of the coda envelope is successfully modeled by assuming incoherent scattered Rayleigh waves by heterogeneities distributed all over the Earth, the later potion of the observed coda envelope (roughly later than 35,000 s) has systematically larger amplitude than theoretical prediction. To clarify the cause of this discrepancy, we studied the constituents of vertical-component seismograms of three large earthquakes recorded by the F-net in Japan using the f-k power spectral analysis. We found that the direct and scattered fundamental-mode Rayleigh waves of velocity about 3.7 km/s are dominant in the earlier part of each envelope. It justifies the use of a scattering model of the fundamental Rayleigh waves for synthesizing the envelope. At lapse times later than 20,000 s–35,000 s, higher modes with phase velocities around 20 km/s become dominant. The transition time to the dominance of higher modes is found to become earlier for a deeper focus earthquake. The small coda attenuation factor from (1.90±0.23) × 10⁻³ to (2.38±0.32) × 10⁻³ estimated from later coda envelopes recorded at IRIS stations distributed worldwide also agrees with the attenuation factor of spheroidal modes according to PREM. We may interpret that higher mode waves are uniformly distributed at large lapse time due to large velocity dispersion and/or scattering and they dominate over the fundamental mode waves because of smaller attenuation in the lower mantle. The coda attenuation measurement proposed by Aki is found to be useful even for long periods and at very large lapse times.  相似文献   

云鹏水电站及其周围地震尾波Q_c值研究     

赵小艳  付虹  毛玉平  邬成栋 《地震研究》2010,33(1)

利用云鹏水电站周边5个数字地震台站记录到的2000年1月至2008年12月间的108个地震的数字波形资料,采用Aki单次散射模型,计算了各台站周围423条地震记录的尾波Q0值。结果显示:云鹏水电站地区尾波的Qc值与频率的关系为Qc(f)=90.2f0.94。该地区的Q0值比云南其它构造活动强烈地区的要高,因此属于中等构造活动地区。云鹏水电站蓄水后弥勒台记录到的108个地震的尾波Q0值及分频Qc值有所下降,但下降幅度不大,表明水库蓄水对库区及其附近区域地下介质性质有所影响,但影响的程度有限。  相似文献