边角后方交会在高铁板式无碴轨道放样中的应用     

陈慧建  周世健 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(4)

智能型全站仪结合边角后方交会原理在高速铁路测量工作中得到广泛应用,其在CPⅢ高精度铺轨控制网的基础上进行自由重叠设站的精度能满足高铁测量的精度要求。在板式无碴轨道底板放样和轨道板安装时,可以根据仪器误差参数计算得出每个测站进行放样时误差不超限的最远放样距离,供测量人员参考。  相似文献   

Statistical significance of modal parameters of bridge systems identified from strong motion data     

Yalin Arici  Khalid M. Mosalam 《地震工程与结构动力学》2005,34(10):1323-1341

Modal parameters of structural systems have commonly been determined using system identification (SI) methods for damage detection and health monitoring. For determining the deterioration of the integrity of structural systems correctly, modal parameters of a healthy structure have to be obtained with adequate certainty so that these parameters can be used as reliable references for the healthy system to compare with those of the damaged system. In this study, the statistical significance of modal parameters identified using strong motion time histories recorded on two bridge structures is assessed. The confidence intervals of identified modal frequencies and damping ratios are obtained using Monte Carlo simulations and sensitivity analyses in conjunction with eigenrealization algorithm. The dependence of the statistical bounds on model parameters is examined. The effect of using different number of sensors on the statistical significance is evaluated using simulated time history data from a validated finite element model of a bridge. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

长江下游百年一遇的极值风速分布   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

黄世成  周嘉陵  任健  陈兵  程婷 《应用气象学报》2009,20(4):437-442

利用2000-2006年长江下游沿江8个风速、风向观测点与邻近气象站同步对比观测资料和1971—2006年长江下游40个气象站风资料, 依据具99%置信水平的数理重构方案和极值Ⅰ型计算方法, 详细给出长江下游百年一遇风速分布状况。结果表明:长江下游沿江地区百年一遇极值风速为25~38 m/s, 较一般方法上限高3 m/s, 下限低2 m/s; 长江南京—镇江段和南通—崇明段, 是长江下游沿江地区的两个大风区, 百年一遇极值风速不低于29 m/s, 其在入海口附近可达34 m/s以上; 在长江常州—江阴段, 江南、江北对称分布两个风速相对低值区, 百年一遇极值风速为23~24 m/s。该结果充分考虑气象站风速资料和局地风速状况, 是沿江相关工程气象应用的重要补充。  相似文献   

中国地震科学实验场地震时空演变规律研究          下载免费PDF全文

王志浩  单维锋    滕云田 《世界地震工程》2021,(2):223-231

通过分析某一区域地震事件的时空演化过程可以了解该区域地震的演化特征,为评估该地区地震的危险性提供依据。基于中国地震科学实验场2000年至2019年3.0级以上的地震事件数据,利用加权平均中心、标准差椭圆和全局空间自相关等空间统计学方法探索该地区地震事件的时空演变规律。结果表明:（1）汶川地震之后该地区地震的发生频次总体呈现出下降趋势,地震的活动性逐渐减弱。（2）地震加权平均中心呈现出"折返"型的移动规律,在东北-西南方向上来回震荡。（3）地震事件的空间分布呈现"东北-西南"格局走向,与映秀-北川断裂带的方向基本一致。（4）该地区地震事件的空间分布模式以聚集模式为主,且正处于上升阶段,但上升速度较为缓慢。  相似文献   

历史名人轨迹的空间可视化与分析     

王妮满  秦昆  罗俊  陈昆  胡圣 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(5):978-988

历史名人的行为轨迹反映了当时的历史文化背景,通过历史名人行为轨迹的空间化和可视化,可以对历史社会状态进行探索和分析。对历史名人的社交关系网络进行可视化研究,有利于剖析当时的政治背景与人物关系。目前,基于GIS的空间人文社会科学深层次分析方法和工具还很少,根据地理位置对历史人物的社交网络进行分时段的研究也很少。本文以玄奘和欧阳修为例,探索了基于WebGIS的历史人物轨迹空间可视化分析方法,基于核密度估计与标准差椭圆的空间分析方法,分析历史名人轨迹点的空间分布特征,统计迁徙指数、首都距、家乡距、成长地距以分析基于距离的轨迹点移动特点;分时段构建了历史名人的空间社交网络,并结合历史背景、名人事迹、名人作品和空间化结果进行了综合分析。分析结果表明： ① 历史名人的迁移轨迹与当时的历史人口迁移趋势基本是一致的,受社会变动影响较大;② 历史名人在事业上升期有更大的社交网络圈,而在人生没落阶段社交网络圈减小。本文对历史名人轨迹的空间可视化与分析方法进行了探索,可以为空间人文社会科学相关领域的分析研究提供参考。  相似文献   

Ecosystem Health: Assessment Framework,Spatial Evolution,and Regional Optimization in Southwest China     

ZHANG Hao  SUN Jian  DENG Wei  PENG Li 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2020,(1):142-156

Regional ecological health,the core of comprehensive ecosystem assessments,is an important foundation for regional exploration,environmental conservation,and sustainable development.The mountainous areas in southwest China are backward in economy,but industrialization and urbanization have been rapid in recent years.This study assessed the ecosystem health of the Sichuan and Yunnan provinces in China using a pressure-state-response(PSR)model.Spatiotemporal patterns of regional ecosystem health were analyzed from 2000 to 2016,including overall characteristics as well as local characteristics.Ecosystem health in most regions was improved over time(Y=0.0058 X–11.0132,R2=0.95,P<0.001),and areas with poorer ecosystem health decreased from half to one-third of the total area.Analysis of the primacy ratio and the variation coefficient confirmed that the gap in health scores between regions has gradually expanded since 2007,but there are more high quality regions overall(Z of Moran’s index<1.96,P>0.05).Overall,the regional ecosystems to the east of the Hu line-an imaginary line dividing east and west China into roughly equivalent parts-were healthier than those to the west.The pressure and state scores of ecosystems were determined by physiographic condition,and the response scores by government policies and social concern.The spatiotemporal patterns of ecosystem health were dominated to a greater extent by natural than anthropogenic factors,which explains why the shift in the patterns aligned with the direction of the Hu line.Dividing regions into key management areas based on natural geographical conditions and socioeconomic development could contribute to the formulation of a reasonable ecological and environmental protection policy,guaranteeing ecosystem services in the long run.  相似文献   

河南地磁短周期变化特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

姚同起  范国华  韩克礼 《地震地磁观测与研究》1999,20(6):15-21

为了研究河南地区地磁短周期变化的特征,１９９６年１０月至１１月在该地区布设了近似南北向的两条临时测线,东测线由河南信阳至汤阴,西测线由河南西峡至山西曲沃,在测线上进行了地磁短周期变化三分量的同步观测,在３ｍｉｎ至２ｈ周期范围内统计计算了各测点各周期成分的地磁垂直转换函数及水平转换函数,通过地磁转换函数的分析,给出了该地区地磁短周期变化空间,周期分布概况。西峡至曲沃测线,除曲沃外垂直分量没有出现反向  相似文献   

A framework for the seismic assessment of existing masonry buildings accounting for different sources of uncertainty          下载免费PDF全文

M. Rota  A. Penna  G. Magenes 《地震工程与结构动力学》2014,43(7):1045-1066

The current formulation of Eurocode 8 Part 3 and the Italian building code for the seismic assessment of existing buildings accounts for epistemic (knowledge‐based) uncertainties by means of the identification of knowledge levels with associated values of the so‐called confidence factors, applied only as a reduction of material strengths. This formulation does not always produce consistent results and it does not explicitly account for other sources of uncertainty. The paper proposes a probabilistic methodology for the quantification of appropriately defined factors, allowing consideration of the different sources of uncertainty involved in the seismic assessment of masonry buildings by means of nonlinear static analyses. This simple approach, also including an alternative formulation of the confidence factors related with material properties, allows to obtain results which are consistent with the acquired level of knowledge and correctly account for the different sources of uncertainty without requiring to carry out any stochastic nonlinear analysis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

2001-2010 年安徽省县域经济空间演化   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

方叶林  黄震方  陈文娣  谢慧玮 《地理科学进展》2013,32(5):831-839

选择安徽省2001-2010 年县域人均GDP为研究指标,综合运用G指数、经济重心、标准差椭圆以及灰色G(1, 1)模型对县域经济的空间演化进行分析预测,最后结合位序规模原理,对空间差异的机理进行分析.总体上安徽县域经济表现出微弱的空间集聚分布态势,呈现出“南北低中间高”、“西低东高”的空间分布格局.县域经济重心在117.57°~117.6°E,31.67°~31.76°N之间变动,有向东南方向移动的趋势.标准差椭圆总体上变化幅度不大,基本上以省会经济圈为核心,范围覆盖了皖江城市带大部分地区,县域经济的空间分布呈现出西北—东南格局,并且这种格局有向正北—正南方向转变的趋势.安徽县域经济满足位序规模原理,其发展状况呈低水平分散均衡型.资源禀赋与交通区位、中心城市发展状况、区域政策是导致安徽省县域经济空间差异的主要原因.  相似文献   

安徽及近邻区地震烈度衰减特征研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

丁娟  何琳  叶峰  马犇  张洁 《地震地磁观测与研究》2015,(3):43-48

利用安徽及近邻区地震烈度资料,采用椭圆衰减模型和长轴可转向与近、远场补点方法,通过多元回归方法进行拟合,建立该地区地震烈度衰减关系。该衰减关系用于安徽地震应急指挥技术系统震害快速评估模块,为地震灾害损失快速评估提供基础资料;也可用于安徽地区地震安全性评价、震害预测等防震减灾领域。  相似文献