基于三维激光扫描的堆积体滑坡变形机理及阈值模型试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

姜鑫  杨校辉  贺新元 《甘肃地质》2023,(3):64-73

为分析白龙江流域舟曲段江顶崖滑坡的变形演化机理及其阈值,设计降雨条件下的大型堆积体滑坡物理模型试验,采用FARO FocusS 350三维激光扫描仪进行滑坡数据采集、处理,获取滑坡在不同降雨工况的点云模型数据,对比分析不同降雨工况下滑坡宏观及局部特征点的变化情况。研究表明：滑坡模型表面出现持续、快速、变化鲜明的整体变形特征,伴随出现滑坡模型中、前部横向、纵向的张拉裂缝,表明在非饱和渗流影响下,堆积体滑坡模型的基质吸力降低、孔隙水压力以及滑坡体重力荷载增加,导致滑坡模型临近失稳;根据滑坡模型宏观变形情况,其变形演化过程可划分为：初始变形阶段、等速变形阶段和加速变形阶段,3个不同变形阶段坡体宏观变形各自有其特点。通过对试验阶段的变形特征分析,设立了滑坡变形速率阈值,分别为0.01 m/h、0.02 m/h、0.2 m/h。基于三维激光扫描技术坡体监测,结合坡体变形宏观和局部分析的优势,在保证高精度监测、采集、处理的同时,得到坡体的整体变形和位移。  相似文献   

基于跨断层监测资料的金州断裂活动性研究     

孔祥瑞  翟丽娜  李梦莹  孙庆山  焦明若  王喜龙 《大地测量与地球动力学》2022,42(4):416-420

利用金州地震台跨断层形变观测资料分析金州断裂现今活动特征.长趋势分析结果表明,金州断裂以右旋兼正断为主,活动水平总体较弱.断裂活动分段分析结果表明,北段活动速率高于南段.GPS资料分析表明,2011-03-11日本MW9.1地震对东北地区应力积累具有缓解作用,结合金州断裂跨断层数据认为,金州断裂在2011～2014年活...  相似文献   

Numerical modelling for clays with internal discontinuity surfaces     

Evghenia Sakellariadi  Giuseppe Scarpelli 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1999,23(7):721-744

A numerical model capable of performing deformation analysis of a medium containing discontinuity surfaces is presented. The discontinuity can be either a crack, which can be open or closed, or a shear band. The model consists of two separate numerical algorithms, which are coupled together by means of the principle of superposition. In particular, an integral equation scheme based on the theory of dislocations is adopted for modelling the discontinuity, while a finite element discretization is used for the continuous medium. In this paper the discontinuity modelling is illustrated in detail, together with the specific formulation of the principle of superposition adopted, and some simple examples of application are presented. The well-known modelling approach based on Fracture Mechanics theory is also briefly discussed. The two models are compared and some advantages and drawbacks of each are pointed out, comments are made regarding their applicability in the specific case of soil mechanics, and conclusions are drawn as regards the conditions under which one or the other is appropriate. Finally, a full-scale example of deformation analysis using the proposed model is presented. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

土钉墙支护设计的非线性有限元法     

刘红军  王秀海  郑建国 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,35(3):439-444

土钉墙支护是1种经济、安全、可靠的基坑支护型式。采用非线性平面应变有限元方法对土钉墙支护设计进行数值模拟。与传统的极限平衡法相比具有显著优越性。该方法将土钉与岩土介质作为1个系统研究,对十钉支护的作用机理、变形、和土钉墙内的受力进行分析,计算开挖最终阶段的变形量。与工程实例的对比检验,证实该方法的合理性。研究结论对土钉墙支护的设计与施工具有较高的应用价值。  相似文献   

常熟台倾斜仪降雨干扰定量分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

丁建国  陆德明  狄梁  鲁宗良 《华南地震》2011,31(3):83-88

通过常熟地震台形变山洞内三套倾斜仪观测资料的对比分析,找到降雨、蓄水干扰对观测的影响,并利用弹性形变理论验证其可靠性,分析表明,每次强降雨均伴随有来自西南方向的倾斜干扰,其原因为雨水向湖中汇聚,水位上升产生弹性形变,从而引起地表倾斜.  相似文献   

USE OF SEISMIC WAVEFORMS AND INSAR DATA FOR DETERMINATION OF THE SEISMOTECTONICS OF THE MAINLING M_S6.9 EARTHQUAKE ON NOV.18, 2017          下载免费PDF全文

LIU Yun-hua  SHAN Xin-jian  ZHANG Ying-feng  ZHAO De-zheng  QU Chun-yan 《地震地质》2018,40(6):1254-1275

On November 18, 2017, a M_S6.9 earthquake struck Mainling County, Tibet, with a depth of 10km. The earthquake occurred at the eastern Himalaya syntaxis. The Namche Barwan moved northward relative to the Himalayan terrane and was subducted deeply beneath the Lhasa terrane, forming the eastern syntaxis after the collision of the Indian plate and Asian plates. Firstly, this paper uses the far and near field broadband seismic waveform for joint inversion (CAPJoint method)of the earthquake focal mechanism. Two groups of nodal planes are obtained after 1000 times Bootstrap test. The strike, dip and rake of the best solution are calculated to be 302°, 76° and 84° (the nodal plane Ⅰ)and 138°, 27° and 104° (the nodal plane Ⅱ), respectively. This event was captured by interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR)measurements from the Sentinel-1A radar satellite, which provide the opportunity to determine the fault plane, as well as the co-seismic slip distribution, and assess the seismic hazards. The overall trend of the deformation field revealed by InSAR is consistent with the GPS displacement field released by the Gan Wei-Jun's team. Geodesy (InSAR and GPS)observation of the earthquake deformation field shows the northeastern side of the epicenter uplifting and the southwestern side sinking. According to geodetic measurements and the thrust characteristics of fault deformation field, we speculate that the nodal plane Ⅰ is the true rupture plane. Secondly, based on the focal mechanism, we use InSAR data as the constraint to invert for the fine slip distribution on the fault plane. Our best model suggests that the seismogenic fault is a NW-SE striking thrust fault with a high angle. Combined with the slip distribution and aftershocks, we suggest that the earthquake is a high-angle thrust event, which is caused by the NE-dipping thrust beneath the Namche Barwa syntaxis subducted deeply beneath the Lhasa terrane.  相似文献   

D-InSAR技术及其在监测地表形变中的应用   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

黄其欢  何秀凤 《全球定位系统》2005,30(3):19-23

首先介绍了D-InSAR技术的基本原理,分析了该技术在地震监测、火山研究和城市地表形变监测以及大型工程形变监测等方面的应用研究情况,并展望未来D-InSAR技术的应用前景  相似文献   

鲜水河断裂带形变累积率及其效能评价     

苏琴  杨永林  郑兵  王兰  向平 《四川地震》2005,(3):22-28

对沿鲜水河断裂带布设的跨断层形变测点水平形变和垂直形变累积率进行了计算,根据结果分析了该断裂带及其附近区域发生中强地震前的变化特征并对其进行效能评价.其结果表明：在鲜水河断裂带上每次地震前震源体附近断层都有一个形变累积率绝对值减小过程;沿鲜水河断裂带如果形变累积率出现低值异常,则未来1～1.5年左右的时间内其附近区域100～300 km范围内将有5.0级以上地震发生的可能;且垂直形变累积率预报效能优于水平形变。  相似文献   

岩石初始宏观变形模拟及微裂纹闭合应力确定方法     

张超  曹文贵  徐赞  贺敏 《岩土力学》2018,39(4):1281-1288

为了建立能够反映岩石初始宏观变形模拟方法以及微裂纹闭合应力确定新方法,首先,针对岩石及其内部微裂纹的受力变形特点,将岩石视为由岩石基质和微裂纹两部分组成,并以此建立了岩石与其组成成分之间的变形分析模型,并由材料变形力学分析角度分别建立了岩石基质和微裂纹的受力变形分析方法,从而建立了岩石初始宏观本构模型并给出了模型参数的确定方法;然后,针对现有微裂纹闭合应力确定方法存在的缺陷与不足,提出了基于本文模型的微裂纹闭合应力确定新方法;最后,基于本文模型探讨了围压对岩石初始宏观变形非线性上凹程度的影响,从理论上阐述了围压效应即围压与岩石初始宏观变形非线性上凹程度成负相关。研究结果表明,本文模型不仅能够很好地模拟岩石启裂前变形全过程,还能够阐述岩石与其组成成分之间的变形关系;微裂纹闭合应力确定新方法既满足微裂纹闭合应力的理论意义又能够避免人为因素的干扰,并具有易操作性的特点,表明了本文模型与方法的合理性与可行性。  相似文献   

砂土液化大变形模型在FLAC3D中的开发与应用     

邹佑学  王睿  张建民 《岩土力学》2018,39(4):1525-1534

通过FLAC3D二次开发平台,在VC++环境下实现了基于砂土液化大变形机制的变动映射中心边界面弹塑性模型的二次开发。基于饱和砂土液化大变形本构理论,该模型符合三维应力空间边界面映射规则,并引入临界状态变量,可实现对不同密度和围压状态下砂土液化大变形分析。针对FLAC3D程序混合离散技术与数据调用模式和模型的体积相容性条件,测试分析了将模型采用不同植入方案的计算稳定性,开发了在FLAC3D混合离散技术下不同子区共享映射中心,进入与离开液化状态保持同步的开发方案,并给出模型开发的关键技术与实施方法。利用开发的模型,对饱和砂土开展了不排水/排水/循环三轴试验与不排水循环扭剪试验模拟,及三维地基的动力反应分析。计算结果表明,模型及所开发程序具有很好的模拟与分析砂土液化后大变形的能力。  相似文献