Model studies of the impact of chemical inhomogeneity on SO2 oxidation in warm stratiform clouds     

Xing Lin  William L. Chameides 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1991,13(2):109-129

A one-dimensional, time-dependent model of the physics and chemistry of a warm stratiform cloud is used to study the possible impact of chemical inhomogeneity among cloud and raindrops on the oxidation of SO₂ in clouds. The effects of chemical inhomogeneity are examined using two contrasting models: In Model 1 a bulk-solution parameterization is adopted which effectively treats all cloud and raindrops as if they are chemically homogeneous; in Model 2 we allow the cloud and raindrops to have a dichotomous distribution. The dichotomous distribution in Model 2 is simulated by assuming that the two groups of cloud droplets nucleate from two chemically distinct populations of condensation nuclei; one being acidic and the other being alkaline. While the two models yield essentially identical results when the ambient levels of H₂O₂ are greater than the ambient levels of SO₂, the rate of conversion of SO₂ to sulfuric acid and the amount of sulfate removed in the precipitation can be significantly enhanced in Model 2 over that of Model 1 under conditions of oxidant limitation (i.e., H₂O₂ < SO₂). This enhancement is critically dependent upon the fraction of alkaline nuclei assumed to be present in Model 2 and arises from the rapid increase in the aqueous-phase reaction between O₃+S_IV at high pH. Our results suggest that cloud models which adopt a bulk-solution parameterization for cloud droplet chemistry, may underestimate the amount of in-cloud SO₂ oxidation under oxidant-limited conditions.  相似文献   

Investigation　on　the　relation　between　the　gravity　anomaly，crustal　deformation　and　underground　water     

吴雪芳  田世华  吴国华 《地震学报(英文版)》1994,(Z1)

Ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎｏｎｔｈｅｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｔｈｅｇｒａｖｉｔｙａｎｏｍａｌｙ，ｃｒｕｓｔａｌｄｅｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｕｎｄｅｒｇｒｏｕｎｄｗａｔｅｒＸｕｅ－ＦａｎｇＷＵ（吴雪芳），Ｓｈｉ－ＨｕａＴＩＡＮ（田世华）ａｎｄＧｕ...  相似文献   

天祝—景泰6.2级地震的地形变异常特征   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

崔笃信 《地震》1994,(4):59-64

本文总结了１９９０年天祝－景泰６．２级地震前地壳形变异常特征，发现这次地震并未发生在地壳垂直运动最强烈的地方，而是在其边缘。至于断层形变，则随测点与震中关系的不同表现出不同的特征。  相似文献   

温纳偏置电测深法压制表层电性不均匀体影响的研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

岳建华  刘树才 《煤田地质与勘探》1994,22(6):51-56

巷道底板浮煤等电性不均匀体及厚度变化是造成煤矿井下电测深曲线畸变的主要因素。通过模型实验研究了温纳偏置电测保法压制浮煤等表层电性不均匀体影响的能力。用感度分析法讨论了表层电性不均匀体产生地电干扰的机制。实测结果表明，该方法改善了电测深曲线质量，有效地提高了电测深法地质应用效果。  相似文献   

华北地台东北部前寒武纪地壳演化与铀成矿旋回   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭智添 《铀矿地质》1986,(4)

本文以研究华北地台东北部前寒武纪地壳演化为基础,阐明了该区不同地质构造单元中铀的分布与富集规律。根据铀矿化与铀源体的空间分布关系、硫同位素组成、稀上元素分布模式及同位素年龄等资料,论述了该区前寒武纪铀成矿作用具有同源性相多阶段复成因的特点。在此基础上,提出了铀成矿旋回的概念,并将华北地台东北部前寒武纪构造区存在的铀矿化划分为晚太古代、早元古代和中-晚元古代三个成矿旋回。  相似文献   

重力均衡与质量均衡     

杨学祥  陈殿友 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1995,(1)

均衡理论，无论是艾礼模式，还是普拉特模式，都是建立在平面地壳的基础之上，并不考虑重力随高程的变化；这事实上相当于质量的均衡。如果在球面上考察均衡理论，并且考虑重力随高程的变化，则得到的均衡模型为重力的均衡。定量计算表明，质量均衡和重力均衡之间的差别是不可忽略的。这种差别对研究地壳的应力状态意义重大。  相似文献   

鲜水河地区现今形变及地球动力学特征     

杜方  吴江 《四川地震》1995,(3):22-31

本文根据非线性理论的新方法，稳健估计技术和多核函数等，对鲜水河地区垂直和水平形变监测资料进行了分析处理，获得了鲜水河地区的现今地壳动态信息，从而分析获得鲜水河断裂的现今活动与地震的关系，鲜水河断裂的现今活动模型及其应力状态。  相似文献   

Field　of　vertical　crustal　deformation　in　North　China　and　the　feature　of　its　dynamic　evolution     

王若柏  洪汉净  许忠淮  耿世昌  孙东平  韩月萍 《地震学报(英文版)》1995,8(2):185-194

ＦｉｅｌｄｏｆｖｅｒｔｉｃａｌｃｒｕｓｔａｌｄｅｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｉｎＮｏｒｔｈＣｈｉｎａａｎｄｔｈｅｆｅａｔｕｒｅｏｆｉｔｓｄｙｎａｍｉｃｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ王若柏，洪汉净，许忠淮，耿世昌，孙东平，韩月萍Ｒｕｏ－ＢａｉＷＡＮＧ；Ｈａｎ－ＪｉｎｇＨＯＮ...  相似文献   

Tomographic determination of 3-D crustal structure — Joint inversion of explosion and earthquake data     

Xian-Kang Zhang  Zhuo-Xin Yang  Yu-Chun Yang  Jian Yang  Jian-Li Song  Ping Zhao 《地震学报(英文版)》1995,8(4):519-529

In this paper, the theory and method, obtaining the tomographic determination of three-dimensional velocity structure of the crust by use of the joint inversion of explosion and earthquake data, are given. The velocity distribution of the crust is regarded as a continuous function of the spatial coordinates without parametrization of the velocity model ahead, so that the inversion solution would not be influenced by different parametrization procedures. The expressions of integration kernels, which relates the two kinds of data sets, are also given. The authors have processed the observed data in Tangshan earthquake region by the method proposed in this paper, and obtained the tomographic results of the middle and upper crust structures in this region. The comparison of these results with the result obtained only by the explosion data, has also been made.  相似文献   

1987年1月8日甘肃迭部5.9级地震与地形变特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邹明吾  潘颖凌 《地震地磁观测与研究》1995,16(3):35-40

根据１９８７年１月８日甘肃迭部５．９级地震前，该区域的地壳形变中长期背景和定点台站连续观测资料的震反应异常，分析研究了这此异常的变化特征。  相似文献