位置地图的空间认知研究     

杨飞  江南  牛浩  李柏地 《测绘工程》2017,26(5)

作为信息时代实现位置服务的重要基础,位置地图交互性强、使用方便,并且能实时、应景地向用户提供位置关联信息,因而比传统的电子地图更能满足用户的位置服务需求。文中分析位置地图的特点和服务模式,并基于地图空间认知理论,提出位置地图的空间认知过程,最后探讨位置地图的认知设计原则,为基于位置地图的位置服务中空间信息的认知与表达提供理论依据。  相似文献   

Multi‐scale approach to mining significant spatial co‐location patterns          下载免费PDF全文

Min Deng  Zhanjun He  Qiliang Liu  Jiannan Cai  Jianbo Tang 《Transactions in GIS》2017,21(5):1023-1039

Spatial co‐location pattern mining aims to discover a collection of Boolean spatial features, which are frequently located in close geographic proximity to each other. Existing methods for identifying spatial co‐location patterns usually require users to specify two thresholds, i.e. the prevalence threshold for measuring the prevalence of candidate co‐location patterns and distance threshold to search the spatial co‐location patterns. However, these two thresholds are difficult to determine in practice, and improper thresholds may lead to the misidentification of useful patterns and the incorrect reporting of meaningless patterns. The multi‐scale approach proposed in this study overcomes this limitation. Initially, the prevalence of candidate co‐location patterns is measured statistically by using a significance test, and a non‐parametric model is developed to construct the null distribution of features with the consideration of spatial auto‐correlation. Next, the spatial co‐location patterns are explored at multi‐scales instead of single scale (or distance threshold) discovery. The validity of the co‐location patterns is evaluated based on the concept of lifetime. Experiments on both synthetic and ecological datasets show that spatial co‐location patterns are discovered correctly and completely by using the proposed method; on the other hand, the subjectivity in discovery of spatial co‐location patterns is reduced significantly.  相似文献   

青岛地区电场仪资料在一次雷暴天气过程中的应用分析          下载免费PDF全文

吴蓓  闫景东  任兆鹏  谢丰 《山东气象》2017,37(1):92-97

利用大气电场仪资料,结合天气实况、天气雷达和闪电定位仪等资料,对2013年7月1日青岛地区一次雷暴天气过程进行了综合分析。结果表明,当地面电场强度曲线在几十到几百毫秒量级内发生极性反转,变化幅度在2 kV/m以上,且完成后电场值会迅速回到极性反转前的电场值附近时,可以判断为发生了一次地闪。单站电场强度曲线可以反映出雷暴云与测站间距离的变化,闪电发生前电场强度的增加可为雷电预警提供时间。大气电场仪组网监测资料可以对雷暴云的移动路径做出判断。综合分析大气电场仪组网数据、天气雷达以及闪电定位资料等多源资料,可以更好地判断雷暴云的活动状况,提高雷电的预警准确率和时间提前量。  相似文献   

地理空间区位与开封兴衰变迁研究     

朱军献 《地域研究与开发》2017,36(5)

在开封自南宋以来的变迁历程中,因中原地区地理空间区位形势所造成的频繁战患直接导致开封城市的破坏与衰落,更重要的是开封在黄河泛滥区中所处的地理中心位置,不仅使开封周边地区土壤严重沙化,而且还在堰塞其水运河道的同时,也使其失去了成为现代铁路交通枢纽的机会。区域环境因素发生的重要改变导致中原地区区域政治中心在建国初从开封迁离,而改革开放以后随着经济自由流动程度的加强,更多的发展资源向邻近的郑州集聚,也造成开封经济发展的弱势。但随着国家及河南省政府利用开封地理空间区位形势所实施的"郑汴一体化"等当代发展策略的介入,开封将改变长期以来形成的下降趋势而实现复兴与发展。  相似文献   

中国游艇俱乐部区位特征研究     

姚云浩  栾维新 《地理科学》2018,38(2):249-257

通过对中国游艇俱乐部相关数据的收集与分析,探讨游艇俱乐部的区域宏观区位特征和城市微观区位特征,并揭示出区位特征的核心影响因素。主要结论为：中国的游艇俱乐部主要集中在三大经济区,其中广东、海南、山东、上海和浙江等地的游艇俱乐部综合能力较强。中心城区和近郊区是游艇俱乐部的主要聚集地,纯游艇俱乐部和地产型游艇俱乐部为主要载体,有泊位的与无泊位的俱乐部在区位上高度重合。影响游艇俱乐部区位的因素既包括区域自然资源环境、经济水平、旅游业发展、上游游艇制造业,也包括游艇产业相关政策及区域海洋文化等因素。  相似文献   

Geographic Patterns of Craft Breweries at the Intraurban Scale     

Isabelle Nilsson  Neil Reid  Matthew Lehnert 《The Professional geographer》2018,70(1):114-125

This article examines the intraurban geography of craft breweries in ten cities across the United States. First, through an exhaustive literature review, we outline both supply- and demand-side factors that might cause craft breweries to cluster. Second, we empirically test whether these establishments tend to cluster within cities using spatial statistical techniques. Many communities are attempting to support the establishment of more craft breweries as a way to boost tourism and economic development. The findings from this article aid in this discussion by providing insights into how craft brewers locate and the factors that could influence their location decision behavior. Our findings suggest that craft brewers do in fact cluster. There are both supply and demand factors responsible. On the supply side, the collaborative environment within the industry and the artisan nature of the industry's products allows for benefits of clustering to outweigh the costs associated with this behavior. On the demand side, the emergence of “brewery districts” allows individual brewers to enjoy the reputation benefits associated with the district in terms of increased foot traffic from locals and visitors looking to sample a variety of beers.  相似文献   

Geographic Dimensions of Relocation Activity: A Comparative Analysis of Intrametropolitan and Out-of-State Relocation Activity     

Elizabeth A. Mack  Ran Wei 《The Professional geographer》2018,70(1):103-113

Over the years, research on relocation activity has provided insights about the characteristics of firms and regions that drive relocation. The spatial dimensions of these relocation decisions, however, particularly within states or metropolitan areas, remain an understudied aspect of the relocation literature. There is also little work comparing the destinations of relocations originating from within metropolitan areas compared to relocation activity from other states. Given the theoretical and practical importance of higher resolution, comparative research on relocation activity within metropolitan areas, this article uses both areal and point-based spatial statistics to test hypotheses about similarities and differences in the relocation behavior of locally oriented and out-of-state businesses within the Phoenix, Arizona, metropolitan area. Analytical results highlight distinct differences in the destinations of relocation activity originating from within the metropolitan area compared to out-of-state relocation activity. Intrametropolitan relocations tend to locate in less expensive and racially and ethnically diverse neighborhoods, whereas out-of-state relocations locate in wealthier, well-known locations of the metropolitan area. Out-of-state relocations are also less likely to locate in the downtown core. This suggests that expensive smokestack-chasing efforts directed at attracting businesses from out of state are unlikely to help revitalize the downtown core.  相似文献   

东南亚华人华侨网络与中国企业海外投资的区位选择关系研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

梁育填  周政可  刘逸 《地理学报》2018,73(8):1449-1461

随着“走出去”战略的实施和“一带一路”倡议的提出,中国在全球化经济中逐渐成为国际投资的主要力量之一。海外华人华侨网络曾经积极促进外商对华的直接投资,是否在这个过程中再次扮演积极的作用,是当前经济地理领域尚未充分探究的问题。因此,本文从经典的区位选择问题切入,探究海外华人华侨网络与中国企业海外投资的区位选择的关系,利用2001-2016年中国企业投资东南亚国家的数据,通过混合逻辑模型回归分析海外华人华侨对中国企业投资区位的影响。结果表明：① 从整体上看,东南亚各国的华人华侨规模和中国企业对外直接投资的区位选择之间存在显著的正相关关系;② 从投资时间上看,海外华人华侨规模与中国企业对外直接投资区位选择之间的关系显著性呈现扩大趋势,说明华人华侨在促进中国企业对外投资方面存在较大潜力;③ 从投资的行业和环节上看,不同行业和不同职能部门的企业在东南亚投资中海外华人华侨在其投资区位选择中所起的作用不同。  相似文献   

Analysis of Spatial Mismatch of Tourism Development in Guangdong Province     

TAO Hui  WEN Jiemin  ZHU He  ZHANG Qi 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2018,9(2):181-190

The spatial mismatch situation of tourism development in Guangdong Province is analyzed by gravity model and two-dimensional matrix based on the spatial mismatch hypothesis, and the results are visualized using ArcGIS software. This study finds that varying degrees of spatial mismatch exist between the level of tourism development, abundance of tourism resources and accessibility of tourism locations in the 21 cities in Guangdong Province. The gravity centers for tourism economy, tourism resources and tourism location are (113.55° E, 23.00° N), (113.69° E, 23.21° N) and (113.74° E, 22.86° N), respectively. According to the two-dimensional combinatorial matrices, synchronous development is shown in 10 prefecture-level cities for the tourism revenue-resource abundance combination, whereas it is shown in seven prefecture-level cities for the tourism revenue-tourism location combination. Guangzhou and Shenzhen are synchronous-double high zones for both combinations, while Foshan, Qingyuan, Yangjiang, Zhongshan and Jieyang are deviating-negative mismatch zones for both combinations. Furthermore, the vast majority of prefecture-level cities within the province currently present mismatching trends in tourism development. Based on the analysis results, corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward taking into account the actual situation and opportunities for further tourism development in various prefecture-level cities.  相似文献   

三维地闪监测数据分析与校验     

朱彪  曾金全  李丹  林彬彬  冯真祯 《气象科技》2018,46(5):868-874

选取福建省2015年三维系统地闪资料,采用同期雷电定位系统(ADTD)资料对其时空分布特征进行分析,利用雷电流峰值记录仪数据对2套系统地闪探测效率和定位误差校验,同时结合IEEE工作组和电力行业推荐的概率公式对三维系统地闪雷电流分布特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)2套系统监测到全省地闪密度空间分布趋势比较一致,在三明西南部地区及福州西部零星地区,三维系统地闪密度更低。(2)2套系统地闪频次年变化和日变化均呈单峰变化特征,但年变化中的10—12月,以及日变化中的09:00—12:00,三维系统监测到地闪频次更少。(3)三维系统地闪回击探测效率为40%,平均定位误差为2.75km。(4)在0~50kA区间,相比于负极性地闪,三维系统正极性地闪雷电流幅值分布更加集中,在26~84kA区间三维地闪雷电流幅值相比于IEEE推荐值和规程推荐值偏大。  相似文献