Electricity consumption patterns within cities: application of a data-driven settlement characterization method     

Pranab K. Roy Chowdhury  Jeanette E. Weaver  Eric M. Weber  Dalton Lunga  St. Thomas M. LeDoux  Amy N. Rose 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2020,13(1):119-135

ABSTRACT

Urban areas presently consume around 75% of global primary energy supply, which is expected to significantly increase in the future due to urban growth. Having sustainable, universal energy access is a pressing challenge for most parts of the globe. Understanding urban energy consumption patterns may help to address the challenges to urban sustainability and energy security. However, urban energy analyses are severely limited by the lack of urban energy data. Such datasets are virtually non-existent for the developing countries. As per current projections, most of the new urban growth is bound to occur in these data-starved regions. Hence, there is an urgent need of research methods for monitoring and quantifying urban energy utilization patterns. Here, we apply a data-driven approach to characterize urban settlements based on their formality, which is then used to assess intra-urban urban energy consumption in Johannesburg, South Africa; Sana’a, Yemen; and Ndola, Zambia. Electricity is the fastest growing energy fuel. By analyzing the relationship between the settlement types and the corresponding nighttime light emission, a proxy of electricity consumption, we assess the differential electricity consumption patterns. Our study presents a simple and scalable solution to fill the present data void to understand intra-city electricity consumption patterns.  相似文献   

中国强震动观测展望   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14  

李山有  金星  刘启方  孔戈 《地震工程与工程振动》2003,23(2):1-7

强震动观测是震灾预防与地震应急的重要基础。本在系统总结强震动观测的国际现状与发展趋势的基础上,结合我国的防震减灾实际需要和经济实力,提出了我国未来十年强震动观测的发展规划。  相似文献   

在改革中求发展--《干旱气象》改革的基本思路与措施   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴喜峰 《干旱气象》2006,24(2):60-62,77

以《甘肃气象》改为《干旱气象》后所采取的一系列思路和措施为重点,论述了由技术类期刊向学术类期刊发展的过程和改刊后的成果以及所存在的问题,提出了以干旱气象为中心,将期刊办出特色、办出新意的理念,同时也对该刊今后的努力方向提出要求。  相似文献   

Spatiotemporal analysis of precipitation trends in the Yangtze River catchment   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

Stefan Becker  Marco Gemmer  Tong Jiang 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2006,20(6):435-444

Precipitation trends in the Yangtze River catchment (PR China) have been analyzed for the past 50 years by applying the Mann-Kendall trend test and geospatial analyses. Monthly precipitation trends of 36 stations have been calculated. Significant positive trends at many stations can be observed for the summer months, which naturally show precipitation maxima. They were preceded and/or followed by negative trends. This observation points towards a concentration of summer precipitation within a shorter period of time. The analysis of a second data set on a gridded basis with 0.5° resolution reveals trends with distinct spatial patterns. The combination of classic trend tests and spatially interpolated precipitation data sets allows the spatiotemporal visualization of detected trends. Months with positive trends emphasize the aggravation of severe situation in a region, which is particularly prone to flood disasters during summer. Reasons for the observed trends were found in variations in the meridional wind pattern at the 850 hPa level, which account for an increased transport of warm moist air to the Yangtze River catchment during the summer months.  相似文献   

山区综合开发试点贷款管理难点及对策     

江厚栋 《山地学报》1998,(2)

国家于1996年确定了全国35个贫困山区综合开发试点县,并建立了山区综合开发试点贷款这一新信贷种类.通过分析该工作在试点阶段遇到的一些问题和管理难点,提出了改进管理工作的指导思想和对策措施  相似文献   

二华平原区环境地质问题与地下水资源开发   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

张茂省  杨培养  徐金龙 《陕西地质》1998,(1)

本文从二华平原区地下水动态特征以及与地下水开采有关的环境地质问题入手,研究人类工程活动与地质环境之间的相互作用和相互制约关系,预测地下水资源开发过程中可能出现的环境地质问题,提出合理开发利用地下水资源的意见。  相似文献   

An Evaluation of Temperature and Precipitation Surface-Based and Reanalysis Datasets for the Canadian Arctic, 1950–2010     

Maja Rapaić  Marko Markovic  Diane Chaumont 《大气与海洋》2015,53(3):283-303

The spatial and temporal consistency of seasonal air temperature and precipitation in eight widely used gridded observation-based climate datasets (CANGRD, CRU-TS3.1, CRUTEM4.1, GISTEMP, GPCC, GPCP, HadCRUT3, and UDEL) and eight reanalyses (20CR, CFSR, ERA-40, ERA-Interim, JRA25, MERRA, NARR, and NCEP2) was evaluated over the Canadian Arctic for the 1950–2010 period. The evaluation used the CANGRD dataset, which is based on homogenized temperature and adjusted precipitation from climate stations, as a reference. Dataset agreement and bias were observed to exhibit important spatial, seasonal, and temporal variability over the Canadian Arctic with the largest spread occurring between datasets over mountain and coastal regions and over the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Reanalysis datasets were typically warmer and wetter than surface observation-based datasets, with CFSR and 20CR exhibiting biases in total annual precipitation on the order of 300?mm. Warm bias in 20CR exceeded 12°C in winter over the western Arctic. Analysis of the temporal consistency of datasets over the 1950–2010 period showed evidence of discontinuities in several datasets as well as a noticeable increase in dataset spread in the period after approximately 2000. Declining station networks, increased automation, and the inclusion of new satellite data streams in reanalyses are potential contributing factors to this phenomenon. Evaluation of trends over the 1950–2010 period showed a relatively consistent picture of warming and increased precipitation over the Canadian Arctic from all datasets, with CANGRD giving moistening trends two times larger than the multi-dataset average related to the adjustment of the station precipitation data. The study results indicate that considerable care is needed when using gridded climate datasets in local or regional scale applications in the Canadian Arctic.  相似文献   

水环境数学模拟的应用现状及存在问题     

解艳  薛科社 《地下水》2010,32(6):79-80,87

水环境中污染物的迁移转化过程模拟和预测是水生态环境健康诊断、预测、预警及控制管理的重要基础。水环境数学模拟已经在国内外有了非常广泛的应用,并且成为国内外学者研究的热点。本文介绍了水环境数学模型的基础研究和应用现状,并提出其发展趋势和国内水质数学模型存在的主要问题。  相似文献   

浅析长沙市地质灾害发育特征及防治对策     

王川  赵亚辉  刘新华 《地质灾害与环境保护》2010,21(4):12-19

长沙市是湖南省地质灾害的多发区之一。地质灾害不仅造成生命财产的巨大损失,而且对当地的投资环境乃至社会的持续发展都构成严重威胁。在介绍了长沙市的区域自然地理与地质环境,阐述了研究区内的滑坡、崩塌、不稳定斜坡、地面塌陷、泥石流等地质灾害的发育特征和形成条件的基础上,全面分析研究地质灾害的发展趋势,并结合当地经济条件与地质灾害现状,给出了较为切实可行的地质灾害防治对策,为长沙市的防灾、减灾和促进区域经济社会可持续发展提供科学依据。  相似文献   

农业技术扩散中的农户采用行为研究:国外进展与国内趋势   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

龙冬平  李同昇  于正松 《地域研究与开发》2014,(5)

农户是我国农区的微观经济单元,是农业技术采用的行为主体。以农户为对象的农业技术扩散采用行为的研究对于诱导农户行为、提高农业技术的采用效率、促进农区发展具有重要的理论和应用价值。从研究视角、研究方法、研究内容3个方面对国内外相关研究成果进行较为系统的梳理,总结评述最新进展和特点,并在此基础上对农户技术采用行为的研究趋势进行展望,希冀有助于推进国内对农户技术采用行为的深入研究,进而为促进农业技术扩散与推广、提高农业科技成果转化率提供参考。  相似文献