石英位错的TEM衍衬象及其在地学中的应用     

王安平  姚杰  曹林  苏维娜 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2000,30(2):131-133

研究了冀东马兰峪地区石英的TEM位错衍衬象。位错的形态及组态直接反映了地质样品的古应力及形成温度 ,可作为地质压力计使用 ,是将构造地质学的研究向定量化方向发展的重要手段之一。  相似文献   

平南幔源包体中橄榄石的显微构造研究及其意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孔华  马芳  金振民  欧新功 《地球科学》2001,26(1):7-12

平南玄武岩中的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体的平衡温度为930~980℃, 平衡深度为59~74km, 包体中橄榄石的扭折带滑移系多为(010) [100], 但也有(001) [100]的滑移系类型; 斜方辉石的滑移系为(100) [001], 它们均为高温低应变速率下的滑移系, 说明该区的上地幔主要是在高温低应变速率条件下经历了塑性变形作用.橄榄石位错组态多样, 有自由位错、位错壁、位错弓弯、缠结、{110}滑移带, 反映了上地幔的塑性变形特征.根据位错壁的大小估算, 上地幔差异流动应力为24.5~42.1MPa, 流动速率为2.93×10-17~8.36×10-16s-1, 有效粘度为1.72×1023~2.80×1024 Pa·s, 特征与中国东部新生代上地幔较为一致, 反映同处于拉张环境.   相似文献   

Modeling coseismic displacements resulting from SAR interferometry and GPS measurements during the 1997 Umbria-Marche seismic sequence     

S. Salvi  S. Stramondo  M. Cocco  M. Tesauro  I. Hunstad  M. Anzidei  P. Briole  P. Baldi  E. Sansosti  G. Fornaro  R. Lanari  F. Doumaz  A. Pesci  A. Galvani 《Journal of Seismology》2000,4(4):479-499

In this study we analyse coseismic GPS displacements and DInSAR data to constrain a dislocation model for the three largest earthquakes of the 1997 Umbria-Marche seismic sequence. The first two events, which occurred on September 26 at 00:33 GMT (Mw 5.7) and 09:40 GMT (Mw 6.0) respectively, are investigated using both GPS displacements and DInSAR interferograms. We discuss and compare the results of previous studies which separately modeled a smaller subset of geodetic data. We provide a dislocation model for these two earthquakes which fits well both GPS and DInSAR data and agrees with the results of seismological and geological investigations. The first event consists of a unilateral rupture towards the southeast with a uniform dislocation. The strike, rake and dip angles are those resulting from the CMT solution. The second event consists of an unilateral rupture towards the northwest and a variable slip distribution on the fault plane. The strike and the rake are consistent with the CMT solution, but the dip angle has been slightly modified to improve the simultaneous fit of GPS and DInSAR data. While the second rupture (09:40 GMT) arrived very close to the surface, the fit to geodetic data shows that the first rupture (00:33 GMT) is deeper (2 km), despite the more evident surface geological effects. The analysis of new SAR interferograms allows the identification of a 5–6 cm additional displacement caused by the October 3 (Mw 5.2) and 6 (Mw 5.4) seismic events.We use data from a new DInSAR interferogram to model the displacement field of the Sellano earthquake of October 14, 1997. For this event significant GPS measurements were not available. We tested two different fault plane geometries: a blind, planar fault (top depth = 2.4 km), and a curved (listric) fault reaching the surface. The two models provide a generally similar fit to the data, and show that most of the slip was released at depths greater than 2.4 km along a gently dipping (40^°–45^°) fault surface. They also show that a unilateral rupture does not allow fitting the interferometric fringes since there is evident surface deformation to the northwest of the hypocenter. Moreover, we suggest that the concentration of high residuals in the southern part of our uniform slip model may in fact indicate a certain slip variability in this area.We conclude that, despite the moderate magnitudes and the lack of significant surface faulting, the space geodetic data allowed to constrain dislocation models giving new insights in the rupture process of the three largest events of the sequence.  相似文献   

安宁河-则木河断裂带地震视应力研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

乔慧珍  程万正  陈学忠 《地震研究》2006,29(2):125-130

利用四川和云南数字遥测地震台网的数字地震记录资料。研究了包括地震视应力在内的震源参数。首先对资料进行预处理,然后计算地动位移和速度的功率谱积分,再计算地震辐射能量和视应力等震源参数。根据计算结果分震级区间研究了视应力值沿安宁河-则木河断裂带的分布情况,及该断裂带上中等地震的震源谱及参数差异,认为安宁河断裂带视应力相对更高。  相似文献   

The source vector and static displacement field by elastic dislocation on the two-phase saturated medium     

丁伯阳  孟凡丽  胡敏云 《地震学报(英文版)》2001,14(3):251-258

IntroductionSince Steketee introduced the elastic dislocation theory into geophysics in 1958, it has become an important part of seismology. Because the fracture of fault can be treated as a displacement bound, the elastic displacement field (forward problem) can be studied by the static elastic dislocation theory under some given condition. Vice versa, if the static displacement field is known, the cause (inverse problem) can be inferred by the dislocation theory. In the last 40 years, many …  相似文献   

中国三叠纪中晚期—早更新世构造应力值的估算   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

万天丰  曹秀华 《地球科学》1997,22(2):145-152

选用具有测年数据的含石英或橄榄石的岩石，在透射电镜下观测位错密度，从而估算了中国三叠纪中、晚期—早更新世４３２个构造应力值（差应力值），初步发现在板块碰撞带或大断层带附近差应力值增大，而在板块内部则逐渐变小．在各构造期的晚期地壳上部平均差应力值也是不同的，印支期（２３０～２０８Ｍａ）为１０５．５ＭＰａ；燕山期（１７０～１３５Ｍａ）为９９．４ＭＰａ；四川期（１００～５２Ｍａ）为１０７．４ＭＰａ；华北期（３０～２３．３Ｍａ）为７６．７ＭＰａ；喜马拉雅期（１０～０．７３Ｍａ）为９２．６ＭＰａ．  相似文献   

云南马关新生代地幔包体中橄榄石的显微构造及其反映的上地幔物理状态特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陈忠  丘学林  陆琦  颜文  吴世敏  施小斌 《热带海洋学报》2004,23(1):34-43

利用氧化缀饰法研究了云南马关新生代地幔尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体中橄榄石的位错构造。其位错构造种类多样、形态各异,主要包括(100)和(001)位错壁、亚颗粒构造、位错网格、{100}滑动条带构造等,表明该区上地幔岩具高温高应变和低温高应变特征。包体形成的温度T为1016—1098℃,压力P为18.3×108—20.6×108Pa。马关上地幔温压状态具有大洋地幔地温特征,热流值达85mW·m-2。上地幔的流动应力σ为27.9—59.7MPa,流动速率ε为1.37×10-18—2.17×10-16s-1,等效粘滞度η为9.18×1022—6.92×1024Pa·s。该区上地幔的高流动应力、高热状态和裂谷带型的流动速率、等效粘滞度特征,可能与16MaB.P.以来区域性东西向伸展作用有关。  相似文献   

RANSAC-PSO算法的抗差反演——以芦山地震为例     

段虎荣  李闰  陈胜雷  闫全超 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(5):454-458

本文利用RANSAC-PSO算法研究在反演断层滑动参数时所用大地测量数据包含粗差的问题。在模拟实验中对理论观测值加入1%、5%、10%粗差，分别采用粒子群算法、选权迭代算法和RANSAC-PSO算法反演断层滑动参数。结果表明，当观测值中包含粗差率达10%时，PSO算法反演的滑动参数与理论值相差23.2 cm，选权迭代法反演的滑动参数与理论值相差26.2 cm，而RANSAC-PSO反演的滑动参数与理论值相差小于1 cm。芦山地震具有以逆冲为主兼具少量左旋走滑性质，采用芦山地震同震GPS位移数据分别以PSO算法和RANSAC-PSO算法反演断层滑动参数，RANSAC-PSO算法反演的走滑量为0.051 8 m，倾滑量为0.828 9 m，均大于PSO的反演结果;释放能量1.000 9×1019 N·m（MW6.63），与GCMT 的1.060 0×1019 N·m更加吻合。分别用RANSAC-PSO算法与PSO算法反演的滑动参数计算地表水平位移,并与GPS观测进行对比，发现二者在计算距断层的远场点时，计算的水平位移基本一致；而在计算距断层的近场点时，RANSAC-PSO算法表现更为优秀，尤其体现在LS07点上，其计算值与GPS观测值完全重合。  相似文献   

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张希  张晓亮  王双绪  蒋锋云 《大地测量与地球动力学》2008,28(4):12-16

?????????嶫???2001??2004??2004??2007??GPS????????????????????λ???????о??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????2004??2007???????嶫??????巴????????????μ???????????????????????????????????2001??2004??????????????????????С????Ρ??????????μ??????顢?????????2001??2004????????????????????????????????Ρ?????′??????????????????  相似文献   

�ϲ�λ������ĵر������仯�����о�   总被引：10，自引：8，他引：2  

谈洪波  申重阳  李辉 《大地测量与地球动力学》2008,28(4):54-62

??????????????????????????????????ζ??λ??????????????仯????????о????????????????????????????????仯???????????????1)??1??????????????????仯?У??????仯?????????????仯????λ??仯?????????С???????????????????С?????????????????仯?????????2?????????????????Σ??????????????????????仯???????????λ??????????????????????????????仯????????????????????????????????????仯???????????  相似文献