蒙脱石、高岭石、伊利石对重金属离子吸附容量的实验研究   总被引：48，自引：4，他引：48       下载免费PDF全文

何宏平郭九皋  朱建喜杨丹 《岩石矿物学杂志》2001,20(4):573-578

在pH=4,t=23℃和微量浓度条件下,不改变离子浓度,通过增加吸附液体积进而增加体系中重金属离子含量的方法进行了蒙脱石、伊利石、高岭石对Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+、Cd2+、Cr3+等重金属离子吸附容量的实验研究,结果表明,3种矿物吸附容量大小顺序为蒙脱石>伊利石>高岭石,与其阳离子交换容量密切相关.Cu-蒙脱石和Cr-蒙脱石的X射线衍射结果表明,Cu2+、Cr3+通过离子交换作用进入了蒙脱石的层间.同一矿物对不同重金属离子也有不同的吸附容量蒙脱石Cr3+>Cu2+>Zn2+>Cd2+>Pb2+;高岭石Cr3+>Pb2+>Zn2+>Cu2+>Cd2+;伊利石Cr3+>Zn2+>Cd2+>Cu2+>Pb2+.  相似文献   

The heat capacity of two natural chlorite group minerals derived from differential scanning calorimetry     

C. Bertoldi  A. Benisek  L. Cemic✓  E. Dachs 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2001,28(5):332-336

The heat capacity of natural chamosite (X_Fe=0.889) and clinochlore (X_Fe=0.116) were measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The samples were characterised by X-ray diffraction, microprobe analysis and Mössbauer spectroscopy. DSC measurements between 143 and 623?K were made following the procedure of Bosenick et?al. (1996). The fitted data for natural chamosite (CA) in J?mol^?1?K^?1 give: C _p,CA = 1224.3–10.685?×?10³?×?T ^??0.5???6.4389?× 10⁶?×T ^??2?+?8.0279?×?10⁸?×?T ^??3 and for the natural clinochlore (CE): C _p,CE = 1200.5–10.908?×?10³?×T ^??0.5?? 5.6941?×?10⁶?×?T ^??2?+?7.1166?×?10⁸?×?T ^??3. The corrected C _p-polynomial for pure end-member chamosite (Fe₅Al)[Si₃AlO₁₀](OH)₈ is C _p,CAcor = 1248.3–11.116?× 10³?×?T ^??0.5???5.1623?×?10⁶?×?T ^??2?+?7.1867?×?10⁸×T ^??3 and the corrected C _p-polynomial for pure end-member clinochlore (Mg₅Al)[Si₃AlO₁₀](OH)₈ is C _p,CEcor = 1191.3–10.665?×?10³?×?T ^??0.5???6.5136?×?10⁶?×?T ^??2?+ 7.7206?×?10⁸?×?T ^??3. The corrected C _p-polynomial for clinochlore is in excellent agreement with that in the internally consistent data sets of Berman (1988) and Holland and Powell (1998). The derived C _p-polynomial for chamosite (C _p,CAcor) leads to a 4.4% higher heat capacity, at 300?K, compared to that estimated by Holland and Powell (1998) based on a summation method. The corrected C _p-polynomial (C _p,CAcor) is, however, in excellent agreement with the computed C _p-polynomial given by Saccocia and Seyfried (1993), thus supporting the reliability of Berman and Brown's (1985) estimation method of heat capacities.  相似文献   

Partitioning of heavy metals on soil samples from column tests   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

R. N. Yong  W. Z. W. Yaacob  S. P. Bentley  C. Harris  B. K. Tan   《Engineering Geology》2001,60(1-4):307-322

In this study, column tests were used to determine the retention capability of three types of estuarine alluvia collected adjacent to landfill sites in South Wales. Selective sequential extraction (SSE) was used to study the retention mechanisms of heavy metals in the soil columns obtained from leaching experiments. Acid digestion was later used to check the validity of the SSE results. Breakthrough curves show good retention of heavy metal ions (Pb, Cu, and Zn) by all soils, where almost 99% of heavy metals were retained with the C_e/C_o values in the order of 10⁻³. The retention strength of these soils was observed to be constant up to five pore volumes (PV). This corresponds with the pH of the effluents and pore water of soil slices, which also show good buffering capacity against very acidic leachate up to 5PV. The heavy metal extraction profiles from SSE show very similar trends with the retention profiles from the leaching experiments, where heavy metals were retained mainly at the top part where the leachate entered the column. SSE indicates qualitatively that heavy metals precipitated with carbonates and amorphous materials (oxides/hydroxides) are higher than heavy metal retention via exchangeable mechanisms. The mass balance calculation gives range of deviation of 1–16% of the total soil extraction. The distribution of the heavy metals with various soil constituents are ranked in the following order: Carbonates>Amorphous oxides hydroxides>Organic matter>Exchangeable phases.  相似文献   

金刚石碎岩工具胎体材料添加稀土元素的试验研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

汤凤林杨凯华  邹庆化段隆臣　胡国荣 《探矿工程》2001,(1):45-48

对胎体材料中添加稀土元素问题进行了试验研究。对添加稀土和未加稀土的胎体性能进行测试，结果表明，添加稀土比未加稀土的胎体材料的抗弯强度、硬度和冲击韧性均有所提高，其中抗弯强度提高了10％－62％，冲击韧性提高了5％。胎体中添加稀土对提高胎体和金刚石碎岩工具的技术经济指标具有重要作用,并且为在胎体材料中实现以Fe代Co创造了有利条件。  相似文献   

钻孔灌注桩后压浆技术机理的新认识   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

吴礼生  徐卫红  王爱平 《探矿工程》2001,(5):4-6

通过分析上海地区应用钻孔灌注桩后压浆技术的工程实例的试验结果，进一步认识后压浆技术提高钻孔灌注桩承载力的机理，在深入分析和总结的基础上，提出了合理应用后压浆技术的建议。  相似文献   

深圳地区全,强风化花岗岩承载力探讨     

宋立峰  孔德坊 《地质灾害与环境保护》1996,7(4):41-45

对《深圳地区建筑地基基础设计规程ＳＪＧ１－８８》中全、强风化花岗岩的划分和承载力值进行讨论，将全、强风化层各划出两个亚层，同时提出了各亚层的承载力及变形模量范围值。  相似文献   

曹娥江流域水利工程对生态环境影响的研究   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

窦贻俭  杨戊 《水科学进展》1996,7(3):260-267

讨论了曹娥江流域水利工程对陆生、水生生态环境的影响,特别是对水环境容量的影响。研究成果为全面评估水利工程的作用,水利工程的兴利除害提供科学依据。  相似文献   

常德市城区工程地质特征     

罗国平 《湖南地质》1992,11(1):61-66

常德市城区包括武陵区、武陵镇、德山,它位于洞庭湖淤积平原上,工程地质条件复杂,为多土层结构,软土层发育。常德为7度地震区。据土层特征,标准贯入,动、静三轴试验结果,在武陵区、武陵镇一带,轻亚粘土31.1％有液化,淤泥质轻亚粘土55.4％有液化,粉砂—细砂层60.5％有液化。据此对常德市城区的工程勘察、地基基础类型提出了一些具体看法和建议。  相似文献   

累托石的阳离子交换性能及其应用研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈济美 《矿物岩石》1992,12(1):96-101

累托石是二八面体云母层与蒙脱石层1:1规则间层矿物。本文阐明累托石矿物结晶构造与阳离子交换性能的关系。阳离子交换性能在累托石定量与定性、改型、合成交联累托石和有机累托石等方面的应用。并介绍氧化钛交联累托石和在机累托石的有关特性。  相似文献   

中国红土的研究与地基承载力的评价   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

王清  陈剑平  马丽英 《探矿工程》1995,(4):15-17

通过广泛的工作，着重研究了不同成因类型红土的物质组成和结构特征，决定红土工程地质性质的主要因素是游离氧化铁、由于不同种类、不同形态游离氧化物的大量存在使红土在高含水率和高孔隙比情况下具有较高的强度，因此红土的地基承载力标准值不能与一般粘性土等同时待，还介绍了如何提高地基承载和和确定标准值的方法。  相似文献