考虑二期荷载的高填明洞加筋减载土压力计算     

李盛  马莉  王起才  李建新  李善珍  张延杰 《岩土力学》2015,36(11):3229-3234

随着城市建设的迅速发展,既有高填明洞填土顶面将不可避免地出现新增结构物等二期荷载的情况。为了明确明洞回填完成后新增二期荷载对其顶部垂直土压力的影响,在已有明洞减载结构土压力计算公式的基础上,利用土体沉降弹性理论计算公式建立了土工格栅变形与土体沉降变形的关系,并考虑二期荷载作用,进一步完善了高填明洞减载前后的洞顶垂直土压力计算公式。建立数值分析模型,将数值分析结果与文中公式计算结果进行了对比。结果表明：公式计算与数值分析结果较为接近,表现出相同的规律性;有无减载措施对明洞回填土压力影响较大,填土越高,减载越显著,实际作用在明洞顶土压力越小。新增二期荷载作用下的明洞顶垂直土压力计算,应考虑其对土体沉降变形的影响,而非简单叠加。  相似文献   

济阳坳陷特低渗透油藏地质多因素综合定量分类评价     

操应长  杨田  王艳忠  宋丙慧  郭迎春  孙渡 《现代地质》2015,29(1):119-130

在定量表征特低渗透油藏开发效果及地质特征的基础上,探讨特低渗透油藏开发效果主控地质因素。应用灰色关联分析法对济阳坳陷特低渗透油藏开展地质多因素综合定量分类评价,形成了一套以开发效果表征特低渗透油藏综合特征、从单井到区块基于灰色关联分析的特低渗透油藏地质多因素综合定量分类评价方法。研究结果表明,济阳坳陷特低渗透油藏主要为滩坝砂、浊积岩、砂砾岩沉积,具有埋藏深度大、粒度细、分选较好、孔喉微细、单层厚度薄、分布零散、比储量丰度低、流动性差的地质特点。定义累积产油差表征开发效果以反映特低渗透油藏综合特征,其主控地质因素为油层厚度层数比、砂岩厚度层数比、平均粒径、采油段中深、渗透率、孔隙度、比储量丰度。通过地质多因素综合定量分类评价,将济阳坳陷特低渗透油藏分为3类：Ⅰ类综合评价分数大于0.6,累积产油差大于4 500,开发效果最好;Ⅱ类综合评价分数0.4~0.6,累积产油差-2 500到4 500,开发效果中等;Ⅲ类综合评价分数小于0.4,累积产油差小于-2 500,开发效果差。利用不同区块已有开发数据检验,分类评价结果与实际生产情况一致性良好。Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类特低渗透油藏应该作为现阶段特低渗透油藏直井、水平井优先开发的对象。  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地南缘硫磺沟煤层气富集主控地质因素及有利区优选     

周三栋  刘大锰  孙邵华  蔡益栋 《现代地质》2015,29(1):179-189

为评价煤层气资源勘探开发潜力和指导矿井安全生产,对准噶尔盆地南缘硫磺沟煤矿主煤层(4-5、7、9-15号煤)的储层物性特征(显微组分、裂隙及含气性等)进行了测试分析,结合现场钻井资料、瓦斯解吸及瓦斯涌出量等资料,从构造、沉积、煤层埋深、水动力条件等方面分析了该区煤层气的控气地质因素。结果表明：煤储层物性较好,孔裂隙较为发育,微裂隙高达3 935条/9 cm²;煤层含气性(瓦斯含量)较好,4-5号煤层为4.88~10.81 m³/t,平均6.56 m³/t。控气地质因素分析表明,准南硫磺沟煤层气的控气模式以构造-水动力耦合控气为主。同时,利用多层次模糊数学综合评价模型,预测的硫磺沟煤矿(4-5号煤)煤层气赋存有利区为钻孔29-3和28-3周边区域。  相似文献   

川东地区震旦系灯影组储层特征及其控制因素     

王爱  钟大康  党录瑞  彭平  毛亚昆  任影  杨强 《现代地质》2015,29(6):1398-1408

采用宏观和微观相结合的 方法,通过扫描电镜、阴极发光等手段,分析川东地区震旦系灯影组钻井、岩心和露头剖面样品的镜下岩石学特征,研究川东地区震旦系灯影组白云岩储层的特征及控制因素。研究结果表明灯影组白云 岩储层主要发育在灯二段和灯四段,主要储集岩类型为微生物白云岩、颗粒白云岩和距两期风化壳0~200 m范围内的角砾白云岩和溶孔白云岩;储集空间以次生的孔、缝、洞为主,主要为粒间溶孔、粒内 溶孔、次生晶间孔、构造裂缝、溶洞等。沉积环境是影响灯二段储层发育的主要因素,其有利储集相带主要是位于水动力能量较强的或有利于造礁生物繁殖的高能颗粒滩和微生物云坪沉积环境;溶蚀作 用,特别是古岩溶作用是灯四段储层发育的主要因素。早期的桐湾运动形成了灯影组的大规模孔洞,而其后的构造运动则建立了研究区内特别复杂的孔隙－洞穴－裂缝系统。  相似文献   

致密砂岩气藏可动流体赋存特征的微观地质因素: 以苏里格气田东部盒8段储层为例     

任大忠  孙卫  卢涛  李跃刚  张茜  周楷 《现代地质》2015,29(6):1409-1417

以苏里格气田东部盒8段典型的致密砂岩气藏为例,运用核磁共振、恒速压汞、铸体薄片、物性、X-衍射等实验资料,探讨了影响可动流体赋存差异的微观地质 因素。结果表明,盒8段储层可动流体饱和度低,T₂谱分布均为左高峰右低峰的双峰态;黏土矿物的充填与孔隙类型是孔隙结构复杂的重要因素,孔隙结构是影响可动流体赋存特征的关键;面孔率、喉道 半径、孔喉半径比是影响可动流体饱和度的主要因素,有效孔隙体积、分选系数对可动流体饱和度影响明显,储层物性、黏土矿物、有效喉道体积、孔隙半径对可动流体饱和度影响较弱。  相似文献   

电网磁暴灾害风险影响因素研究综述   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

刘连光  吴伟丽 《地球物理学报》2014,57(6):1709-1719

磁暴是源自太阳磁场剧烈变化的地球空间效应,随着电网规模的增大和电压等级的增高,磁暴灾害已经成为诱发电网故障风险的威胁之一.研究电力系统磁暴灾害风险的影响因素可为预防与控制其引发的电网事故提供重要参考.在分析历史典型磁暴事件的基础上,剖析了磁暴诱发电力系统故障的机理,阐述了故障传播与电力系统响应的过程,总结了近年来关于影响电力系统的地磁感应电流水平及其产生的变压器无功损耗方面的研究成果,从磁暴本身的特点和电力系统的参数与结构两方面将影响因素分类.以GIC标准模型,通过改变磁暴扰动环境和电力系统参数,说明了各因素对电网磁暴灾害风险的影响程度,并比较了不同因素影响后果的差异,最后指出了尚未解决的问题和可能的研究方向.  相似文献   

Using an inerter‐based device for structural vibration suppression          下载免费PDF全文

I. F. Lazar  S.A. Neild  D.J. Wagg 《地震工程与结构动力学》2014,43(8):1129-1147

This paper proposes the use of a novel type of passive vibration control system to reduce vibrations in civil engineering structures subject to base excitation. The new system is based on the inerter, a device that was initially developed for high‐performance suspensions in Formula 1 racing cars. The principal advantage of the inerter is that a high level of vibration isolation can be achieved with low amounts of added mass. This feature makes it an attractive potential alternative to traditional tuned mass dampers (TMDs). In this paper, the inerter system is modelled inside a multi‐storey building and is located on braces between adjacent storeys. Numerical results show that an excellent level of vibration reduction is achieved, potentially offering improvement over TMDs. The inerter‐based system is compared to a TMD system by using a range of base excitation inputs, including an earthquake signal, to demonstrate how the performance could potentially be improved by using an inerter instead of a TMD. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Nonlinear response estimates of RC frames using linear analysis of SDOF systems          下载免费PDF全文

Saman Yaghmaei‐Sabegh  Shabnam Neekmanesh  Elisa Lumantarna 《地震工程与结构动力学》2014,43(5):769-790

An approximate‐simple method for nonlinear response estimates of reinforced concrete frames subjected to near‐field and far‐field records is presented in this paper. The approximate method is based on equivalent single‐degree‐of‐freedom and linear multi‐degree‐of‐freedom models. In this procedure, the nonlinear maximum roof displacement is estimated using an effective period factor and elastic response spectrum with an equivalent damping. The effective period factor was proposed for far‐field and near‐field ground motion records. For regions of high seismicity, the maximum roof displacement can be estimated by applying an effective period factor of 2.3 and 2.1 for near‐field and far‐field records, respectively, and 9% damped displacement response spectrum. For regions of moderate seismicity, a lower effective period factor of 1.9 and 1.8, for near‐field and far‐field records, respectively, can be applied to estimate the maximum roof displacement. A relationship between linear and nonlinear response of multi‐degree‐of‐freedom systems was also proposed to obtain estimates of the maximum inter‐story drift of nonlinear responding reinforced concrete frames. In addition, the effects of number of ground motion records used in the analyses on the scatters of results were investigated. The required number of ground motions to produce a reliable response was proposed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Prediction of site factors by a non‐parametric approach          下载免费PDF全文

Iztok Peruš  Peter Fajfar 《地震工程与结构动力学》2014,43(12):1743-1761

The problem addressed in this paper is the estimation of the (de)amplification of ground motion at soil sites (compared to rock sites) as a function of the intensity of the ground motion. A non‐parametric empirical approach, called the Conditional Average Estimator (CAE) method, has been used, which is different from all existing approaches. Site factors (SFs) for sites characterized with V_s30 between 180 and 360 m/s were predicted for the peak ground acceleration (PGA) and the spectral accelerations by using a combined database of recorded ground motions. Based on the results of the study, site factors for PGA and selected spectral accelerations are proposed, separately for weaker and stronger ground motions. Comparisons are made with the SFs used in two standards (Eurocode 8 and ASCE 7‐10) and with SFs proposed in the literature, including four Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) ground‐motion prediction equations. The study reveals that (i) SFs depend strongly on the ground‐motion intensity. In the case of stronger ground motions, they decrease with increasing acceleration. (ii) The SFs predicted in this study agree reasonably well with the existing SFs in the case of weak ground motion. For higher intensities of ground motion, they are generally smaller than the existing ones. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Effect of a forced harmonic vibration pile to its adjacent pile in layered elastic soil with double-shear model     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2014

A new model named double-shear model based on Pasternak foundation and Timoshenko beam theory is developed to evaluate the effect of a forced harmonic vibration pile to its adjacent pile in multilayered soil medium. The double-shear model takes into account the shear deformation and the rotational inertia of piles as well as the shear deformation of soil. The piles are simulated as Timoshenko beams, which are embedded in a layered Pasternak foundation. The differential equation of transverse vibration for a pile is solved by the initial parameter method. The dynamic interaction factors for the layered soil medium are obtained by the transfer matrix method. The formulation and the implementation have been verified by means of several examples. The individual shear effects of soil and piles on the interaction factors are evaluated through a parametric study. Compared to Winkler model with Euler beam, the present model gives much better results for the dynamic interaction of piles embedded in stiff soil with small slenderness ratios. Finally, the effect of a forced long pile to a short pile embedded in multilayered soil medium is studied in detail.  相似文献