Ecological quality of some Tunisian coast and lagoon locations,by using benthic community parameters and biotic indices     

Ahmed Afli  Rakia AyariSana Zaabi 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

Three Tunisian coastal and lagoon sites, variously affected by human activities, and differing according to their degree of communication with the sea, were studied. The total organic matter content and the granulometry of the sediment were measured and the macro-invertebrates were sampled and identified. Currently due to the lack of an efficient single biotic index for quality assessment, indications from these measurements can contribute to enrich our knowledge of the southern Mediterranean areas. Several biotic indices (AMBI, BENTIX, BOPA, BOPA modified, I2EC, ITI), most of which have been used in the context of the European Water Framework Directive, and some other structural parameters were used. The results show that the Bizerte lagoon, an almost closed area characterized mainly by extreme salinity/temperature and with a strong fluctuation of nutrients, appears biologically more impoverished. The Dkhila coast, which is more open to the sea, however, appears to be less dominated by the principal species. Biotic indices showed that the most polluted areas included the region exposed to urban inputs of Bizerte, the mouth of Hamdoun wadi and the harbour areas. In these locations, benthic macrofauna is dominated by opportunistic species like Capitella capitata, Scolelepis fuliginosa, Prionospio malmgreni, Polydora sp., Cirratulus cirratus and Cirriformia tentaculata. Other stations, which are farther from the sources of disturbance such as the mouths of the principal Wadis, the south of the Bizerte ship canal and the south of the Tunis bay, appear to be in good ecological condition and hosted a variety of sensitive species, Other stations were classified differently by the biotic indices used mainly because of the lack of a real inter-calibration of the various classification methodologies used by these indices.  相似文献   

Assessment of Man-made and Natural Hazards in the Surroundings of Hydropower Projects under Construction in the Beas Valley of Northwestern Himalaya     

Sanjeev Sharma Jagdish C. Kuniyal J. C. Sharma 《山地科学学报》2007,4(3):221-236

Mountain ecosystem,on the earth,has plenty of natural resources. In Himachal Pradesh all the rivers are snowfed and therefore rich in water resources. These resources have been supporting enough for the generation of electricity through introducing hydropower projects since the last decade. However,every developmental activity has its own negative impacts on the surrounding environment. Due to the fragile nature of topography and delicacy of ecology of the Himalaya,it results in lot of disturbances because of high degree of human interferences like construction of major hydropower projects. The increased extent of geological hazards,such as landslides,rock fall and soil erosion,have mainly due to alike developmental interventions in the natural ecosystem. So understanding and analysing such impacts of the hydropower projects have mainly been on the environment in various forms but natural hazards have been frequent ones. The present study,therefore,focuses mainly on the Parbati Stage Ⅱ (800 MW) and the Parbati Stage Ⅲ (520 MW) hydropower projects; both of which fall within the Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh. Based on the perception survey of the local communities,the existing land use pattern,status of total acquired land of the residents by hydropower projects,frequent natural hazards and resultant loss to the local communities due to upcoming construction of hydropower projects surrounding to the Parbati Stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ have been analysed in the paper. Also,the preventive measures to mitigate these adverse impacts have been suggested to strengthen these projects in eco-friendly manner in the mountain context.  相似文献   

Mesoscale distribution of zooplankton biomass in the northeast Atlantic Ocean determined with an Optical Plankton Counter: Relationships with environmental structures     

Jean-Philippe Labat  Stephane Gasparini  Laure Mousseau  Louis Prieur  Marc Boutoute  Patrick Mayzaud   《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2009,56(10):1742-1756

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矿山开发及矿山环境遥感探测研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈伟涛  张志  王焰新 《国土资源遥感》2009,(2):1-8

从矿山开发和矿山环境遥感探测目标出发,紧密结合矿山地物遥感图像特征,针对高空间分辨率、高光谱、微波和热红外遥感等不同数据对多类型矿山目标的可探测程度,全面总结了矿山开发和矿山环境遥感探测的应用现状、存在问题、研究重点和需要进一步深入研究的关键技术问题,并初步提出了解决的思路.  相似文献   

闽江河口区沉积物中的抗生素分布特征及生态风险评价          下载免费PDF全文

刘四光  张乐蒙  李赫男  陈猛  陈岚  王键  张钒 《应用海洋学学报》2020,39(2):162-171

采用固相萃取和液相色谱串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)分析方法对闽江河口区域沉积物中8类54种抗生素的含量以及分布特征进行分析探讨,并利用熵值法对抗生素的生态风险进行评价。结果表明,闽江河口区域24个站点共检出6类(大环内酯类、磺胺类、喹诺酮类、氯霉素类、硝基咪唑类和苯并咪唑类)19种抗生素,总量范围在4.16~64.74 ng/g,平均值为17.35 ng/g;其中大环内酯类、喹诺酮类和硝基咪唑类抗生素检出频率达到100%。抗生素总量的空间分布情况呈闽江河口上游>北港>南港>河口下游的趋势,人口密集区生活污水和医疗废水排放是上游和北港沉积物大环内脂类和喹诺酮类抗生素含量较高的主要原因,而海水养殖过程中的直接投放可能是河口下游硝基咪唑类抗生素的主要来源;生态风险评价结果显示,大部分抗生素的生态风险值RQ<1,然而替米考星和甲硝唑在研究区域的RQ>1,具有一定的潜在风险,可能会对该区域生态环境产生负面效应。  相似文献   

Managing Soil Erosion Potential by Integrating Digital Elevation Models with the Southern China＇s Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation——A Case Study for the West Lake Scenic Spots Area of Hangzhou, China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

WANG Weiwu 《山地科学学报》2007,4(3):237-247

In China, many scenic and tourism areas are suffering from the urbanization that results from physical development of tourism projects, leading to the removal of the vegetative cover, the creation of areas impermeable to water, in-stream modifications, and other problems. In this paper, the risk of soil erosion and its ecological risks in the West Lake Scenic Spots （WLSS） area were quantitatively evaluated by integrating the revised universal soil loss equation （RUSLE） with a digital elevation model （DEM） and geographical information system （GIS） software. The standard RUSLE factors were modified to account for local climatic and topographic characteristics reflected in the DEM maps, and for the soil types and vegetation cover types. An interface was created between the Areinfo software and RUSLE so that the level of soil erosion and its ecological risk in the WLSS area could be mapped immediately once the model factors were defined for the area. The results from an analysis using the Areinfo-RUSLE interface showed that the risk value in 93 % of the expanding western part of the WLSS area was moderate or more severe and the soil erosion risk in this area was thus large compared with that in the rest of the area. This paper mainly aimed to increase the awareness of the soil erosion risk in urbanizing areas and suggest that the local governments should consider the probable ecological risk resulting from soil erosion when enlarging and developing tourism areas.  相似文献   

The impact of the nitrogen carryover effect on economic activity and the environment     

Wen-yuan Huang  Russ W. Keim  Yao-chi Lu  N. D. Uri  Terry Kelley 《Environmental Geology》1998,34(2-3):116-127

 The economic and environmental consequences of soil nitrogen tests can have significant impacts on agricultural production. Some of these are explored here. The pre-side-dress soil N-test is evaluated for a hypothetical farmer growing corn at the ARS Sustainable Agriculture Demonstration Farm site in southern Maryland. For a farmer not currently using a soil N-test, adoption of this technology can lead to the enhancement of net farm income and the reduction in nitrogen loss to the environment. This will transpire only if the farmer is currently underestimating nitrogen carryover by more than 25% or applying nitrogen fertilizer based solely on an expected plateau-yield goal. Received: 13 February 1997 · Accepted: 13 May 1997  相似文献   

建成环境对星级酒店内被盗的影响——以ZG市中心城区为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张春霞  周素红  柳林  肖露子 《地理科学进展》2020,39(5):829-840

盗窃是中西方酒店内财产犯罪中最为高发的一种,但鲜有研究关注建成环境对酒店被盗的影响。论文以2012—2014年ZG市中心城区发生过被盗的星级酒店作为研究样本,在综合分析酒店被盗时空特征的基础上,选取酒店周围500 m范围内的建成环境指标,利用负二项回归模型,对分时段各类型的星级酒店被盗的影响因素进行系统建模分析。结果表明：被盗星级酒店的时空分布呈现典型的集聚分布特征。不同时段空间“主热点”分布相对稳定,“次热点”有所不同。整体来看,提高服务水平对降低星级酒店被盗的作用最为稳定,周围的兴趣点(Point of Interest, POI)数量会显著增加星级酒店被盗的机会,道路交叉口则对星级酒店被盗起显著监管作用。分模型结果显示,服务水平对三星级和五星级酒店被盗的抑制作用显著,道路交叉口则对以商务客人为主的四星级酒店被盗的抑制作用更强,而POI数量对等级较低的三星、四星酒店被盗作用更为明显;大型零售商业中心能显著增加旅游旺季及周末时段的酒店被盗的数量,道路交叉口数量则对旅游淡季、工作日2个时段的星级酒店被盗风险的监控作用显著。研究表明建成环境在影响ZG市星级酒店被盗的机会和成本方面作用显著。结果验证了日常活动理论在中国大城市星级酒店被盗方面研究的适用性,拓展了犯罪地理学在星级酒店被盗方面的研究成果,对酒店盗窃预防有指导意义。  相似文献   

Coupled surface water–groundwater model and its application in the arid Shiyang River basin,China     

Li‐Tang Hu  Zhong‐Jing Wang  Wei Tian  Jian‐Shi Zhao 《水文研究》2009,23(14):2033-2044

The planning and management of water resources in the Shiyang River basin, China require a tool for assessing the impact of groundwater and stream use on water supply reliabilities and improving many environment‐related problems such as soil desertification induced by recent water‐related human activities. A coupled model, integrating rule‐based lumped surface water model and distributed three‐dimensional groundwater flow model, has been established to investigate surface water and groundwater management scenarios that may be designed to restore the deteriorated ecological environment of the downstream portion of the Shiyang River basin. More than 66% of the water level among 24 observation wells have simulation error less than 1·0 m. The overall trend of the temporal changes of simulated and observed surface runoff at the Caiqi gauging station remains almost the same. The calibration was considered satisfactory. Initial frameworks for water allocation, including agricultural water‐saving projects, water diversion within the basin and inter‐basin water transfer, reducing agricultural irrigation area and surface water use instead of groundwater exploitation at the downstream were figured out that would provide a rational use of water resources throughout the whole basin. Sixteen scenarios were modelled to find out the most appropriate management strategies. The results showed that in the two selected management options, the groundwater budget at the Minqin basin was about 1·4 × 10⁸ m³/a and the ecological environment would be improved significantly, but the deficit existed at the Wuwei basin and the number was about 0·8 × 10⁸ m³/a. Water demand for domestic, industry and urban green area would be met in the next 30 years, but the water shortage for meeting the demand of agricultural water use in the Shiyang River basin was about 2·2 × 10⁸ m³/a. It is suggested that more inter‐basin water transfer should be required to obtain sustainable water resource use in the Shiyang River basin. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

上海海域海水水质变化趋势及应对措施   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

吴旭云  裘诚  王岳峰  王统泽  袁瑞 《海洋开发与管理》2020,37(1):46-50

强化区域海洋生态环境评价,推进海洋生态环境监测体系建设,全面提升海洋环境保护监督管理效能,是上海建设全球海洋中心城市、发挥在"一带一路"倡议中桥头堡作用的必然要求。文章基于近年来上海海域环境质量监测资料,重点对无机氮、活性磷酸盐等海域主要污染物进行分析,结合流域来水与区域排污情况,阐明上海海域水质变化特征及总体趋势,并从体系建设、基础能力、执法监督、行业管理、生态修复与科技创新等方面提出合理化应对措施。  相似文献