兰州南北两山绿化区植物与植被类型初查   总被引：10，自引：7，他引：3  

武利玉  苏世平  王蕙 《中国沙漠》2006,26(4):564-568

通过对兰州南北两山环境绿化工程区进行植物、植被类型调查,结果表明：该项目区内植物资源相对丰富,有植物185种,分属于56科;区内植物生长状况良好,植物群落趋向多元化,且稳定性增加;按照植物群落学—生态学原则,并参考中国植被分类系统,将工程区内植被类型划分为９种类型,即 2种天然植被类型和7种人工植被类型。根据当前所造林分多为结构单一的纯林的现状,认为今后在南北两山进行植树造林应考虑营造混交林,以提高林分稳定性和抵御病虫害的能力,并积极采用人工措施促进森林更新。  相似文献   

深圳地铁一期工程浅埋暗挖施工地层变形模式     

张顶立  吕勤 《岩土力学》2006,27(Z1):249-255

基于城市地下工程浅埋暗挖法施工的地层变形特点,提出了地层整体下沉和抽冒式地层变形的模式,分别建立了相应的力学模型,给出了相应地层变形模式下的稳定性特点和地层沉降曲线,并对其主要影响因素进行了分析。该模型可以较好地解释不同地层的变形特点和规律,分别揭示了黏性土和砂性土地层条件下产生大变形及地面坍塌的机理,指出地层变形通常是由结构层的失稳和破坏所致,并且在整体沉降模式下结构层表现为梁式结构,而抽冒型变形模式下结构层则表现为压力拱结构,因此,梁/拱结构的稳定性是地表沉降控制的核心。梁式结构层控制的重点是梁端支承点的加固和离层区域的及时补充注浆,而拱式结构控制的重点则是拱角地层的稳定性。由此可为地层变形的控制和环境评价标准的制定提供依据。结合深圳地铁一期工程6标段和3A标段的典型条件,分别针对整体沉降和抽冒结构模式成功地进行了地层变形控制实践,取得了理想的效果。同时也为深圳地铁及城市地下工程施工地层控制标准的制定提供了有益的建议。该成果对城市地下工程的环境控制具有普遍的指导意义和借鉴作用。  相似文献   

烟台市地震环境评定与抗震防灾对策     

李相然  姚志祥  王银龙  李秀领 《地质灾害与环境保护》2000,11(4):292-297

分析了烟台市区的地震环境特点和地震活动态势 ,研究了烟台市区抗震防灾的现状与问题 ,并提出抗震防灾的对策与建议。  相似文献   

长江中下游第四纪沉积物发育土壤磁性增强的环境磁学机制   总被引：25，自引：2，他引：23  

卢升高  俞劲炎  章明奎  俞立中  张卫国 《沉积学报》2000,18(3):336-340

对长江中下游第四纪沉积物 (Q₃ 黄土,Q₂ 红土和Q₃ 红土 )发育土壤的磁性增强现象及其物理机制进行了讨论。结果表明 :(1)铁磁性矿物是土壤磁性的主要载体,它们是成土过程中形成的稳定单畴 (SSD)和超顺磁性 (SP)态的次生磁性矿物,没有显示重要的反铁磁性矿物的贡献;(2 )土壤磁化率 (χ)的高低与成土过程产生的稳定单畴和超顺磁性颗粒呈极显著正相关,指示了风化成土作用的强度,磁化率可作为反映成土环境变化的代用指标;(3)频率磁化率 (χfd) 5 %可作为土壤中的超顺磁性颗粒存在与否的临界值,土壤 χfd值的高低同样反映了风化成土作用的强度,可用作研究第四纪环境变化的有用工具之一。  相似文献   

柴达木盆地自然伽玛曲线与古里雅冰芯记录的末次间冰期以来气候环 …   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

袁林旺  陈晔 《冰川冻土》2000,22(4):327-332

采用柴达木盆地达参１井井自然伽玛（ＧＲ）曲线进行古气候反演,分析了ＧＲ曲线记录的末次间冰期以来的环境变迁过程,表明ＧＲ曲线忠实地记录了构造运动及气候变化的影响,与古里雅产,格陵兰冰芯所记录的气候事件均能均较好对应,表明柴达木盆地同时包含了高原隆升和全球性气候变化的信息,是反映古气候变化良好的信息载体之一,是反映内陆干旱盆地环境与气候变化良好的代用指标。  相似文献   

Globalized conflicts of discourse: the type of conflict of proxies*     

Klaus Schäfer 《GeoJournal》2000,52(1):45-58

The article describes a new form of transnational environmental conflict that developed in the wake of globalisation. Activist in this new type of conflict still act as proxies of groups under pressure but in contrast to transnational environmental conflicts hitherto the target of their protests is rather their own society at home than the location of the pressured group. Despite these conditions it is claimed that this type of metaphorical conflict is going to become more frequent as alliances are built along the oppostion to a dominant discourse. According to the model, conflicts of values are easier to transfer on stages abroad or across the Atlantic than conflicts of interests and motivation for activists is higher as the return is affecting their home society. Dynamic and features of this type of conflict are explained with help of discourse theory.  相似文献   

Climate impacts of environmental degradation in Sudan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nadir Ahmed Elagib  Martin G. Mansell 《GeoJournal》2000,50(4):311-327

There exists an impressive amount of work for Sudan showing the anthropogenic degradation of natural vegetation cover. However, there are few examples of consequent climatic changes in literature. This work, thus, seeks to assess such effects of environmental forcing on various climatic patterns over the past few decades. Within the frame of the present analysis, the results are quite striking and are in concordance with scientific contentions that such land degradation could result in climatic modification. Higher temperature and less rainfall, sunshine duration and global radiation have been noticed. Evapotranspiration has responded more to the warming and drying conditions, thus showed signs of increasing rates, especially during the wet season. However, the extent of increase seems to have been suppressed by the decrease in sunshine duration and solar radiation as well as the inconsistent behaviour of wind speed. Changes in the variability of the within-year monthly observations have also occurred, thus suggesting an increase in the occurrence of extremes. The observed climatic modification in the country has exaggerated the insidious drought conditions. The present findings are hoped to contribute to our understanding of the effects of environmental problem and assist in considering policy responses. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

New developments in and reflections on, the use of visual literacy and environmental evaluation for the participation of community groups in design     

Ombretta Romice 《GeoJournal》2000,51(4):311-319

Involving community groups in the design processes concerning their city or neighbourhood, can play a role in creating responsive environments and achieving a high level of satisfaction for communities.Interaction between clients and professionals is essential to encourage the resolution of disputes at the design stage rather than once actions have been taken, since their different roles and expertise could enrich the process of interaction.This study supports the idea of a form of participation based on research in environmental experience. Visual literacy is trained, and a combination of environmental assessment techniques and informative activities are linked to encourage community groups and professionals to work together on the generation and development of observational and analytical skills.The aim is to generate a structure for the involvement of local communities in urban renewal actions as an informed, organised and effective activity and then, to apply this approach in praxis.  相似文献   

桂林市及近郊土壤汞的分布和污染研究   总被引：25，自引：4，他引：21  

钱建平  张力  刘辉利 《地球化学》2000,29(1):94-99

通过对桂林市区及近郊表层、底层土壤汞的系统取样,测试和编图,阐明了本区土壤汞的分布规律,确定了土壤汞的污染区段和污染程度。在上述工作的基础上,结合基岩汞测量、热释汞方法和重金属元素组合分析,对土壤汞的来源、污染无比汞的赋存状态进行了初步探讨。  相似文献   

生态意识与可持续发展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

赵玲 《吉林地质》2000,19(2):51-55

生态意识是人们对生态环境的观点和看法,在全民中树立生态意识,以生态价值观念取代传统的人类价值观念,对于维护人类的生存和发展是非常必要的,为了人类的生存,人类必须理性地解决人与自然环境的关系,坚持可持续发展这一人类生存在最佳模式,可持续发展要求人类有责任尊重自然,充分重视自然界的生态平衡的自然界的整体性。可持续发展要求人类的思维观念、道德观念都发生根本的改变。能否实现可持续发展决定于人类生态意识的建  相似文献