马家沟灰岩（古）岩溶研究中的若干问题探讨   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李定龙  王桂梁 《地质科技情报》1997,16(1):23-28

讨论了华北地区奥陶系马家沟组灰岩岩溶研究中的几个问题，包括沉积岩溶，暴露岩溶，埋藏岩溶，现代岩溶及陷落柱等，指出了沉积岩溶和暴露岩溶洞穴不能保存或保存甚少，但对后期的岩溶发育具有重要控制作用，最后，提出了今后奥陶系灰岩岩溶研究的基本思路。  相似文献   

南方海相油气勘探为什么久攻不下？   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

冯增昭  鲍志东 《海相油气地质》1997,2(4):4-7

中国南方从震旦纪到三叠纪８个地质时代海相地层厚度巨大，具有很大的生烃能力。然而除四川地区之外，至今油气勘探尚无重大突破。积十二年对南方５个地质时代海相地层基础地质研究及制图的经验，认为南方海相油气勘探久攻不下的原因是：（１）对整个南方还缺乏全面的、历史的，整体的和深刻的认识；（２）还不于用什么方法或顺序去认识它。建议重视基础地质研究，并以中国南方二叠纪及三叠纪的岩相古地理研究和制图为例，提出基础地  相似文献   

利用高分辨率卫星影像进行地震损失评价所需的城市特征识别   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

袁中夏  王兰民 《世界地震工程》2004,20(3):135-140

高分辨率卫星影像已经在一些国家的民用领域得到应用。利用高分辨率卫星影像来收集地震损失评价所需要的各类城市信息不仅高效和有较好的时间分辨率，而且它可以减少以往所必需的大量的代价高昂且费力的城市调查。基于在印度城市台拉登所做的研究，讨论了如何利用高分辨率卫星影像进行城市特征识别的一些问题，同时也简单论述了利用GIS／RS软件综合所得的数据以便用于地震损失评价的方法。  相似文献   

地热井井位确定研究——以豫煤二队院内地热井为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

阎留运  徐九儒 《中国煤田地质》2004,16(1):22-25

通过对龙门地热田地质构造、地下水运动特点及规律的研究，提出了在地热田内寻找地下热水的富水靶区，并推算了其范围。又以地面调查、地面电法等手段进行了验证，确定了地下热水富水带的具体位置及地热井施工井位，一次成功地打中千米以下地热水的富水区，为地热田内寻找、开发地下热水总结了经验，丰富了深井及地热田找水的理论。  相似文献   

由分段供水向全天候供水的可行性研究 --以赵各庄矿为例     

曹永祥  戚春前 《中国煤田地质》2004,16(Z1):40-42

根 据 开 滦 集 团 赵 各 庄 矿 业 公 司 水 文 地 质 情 况 和 居 民 用 水 的 现 状 ,提 出 全 天 供 水 的 新 观 念 ,即 将 全 年 需 集 中强 排 的 水量 变 为 人 们日 常 生 活 的用 水 量 ,既 解 决 了 分 时 间 段 供 水 给 职 工 生 活 造 成 的 不 便 ,提 高 了 人 们 的 生 活 质 量 ,又 合理 的 利用 了水 资 源,而且 还可 以 降低 奥灰 水 对安 全生 产 的威 胁。  相似文献   

测试超细煤粉粒度的实验研究     

陈杰 《岩矿测试》2004,23(3):183-186

利用激光粒度仪测试超细煤粉的粒度。对测试超细煤粉试样粒度时的试样浓度、测试温度、分散时间、分散剂的种类及浓度等方面的影响进行了实验研究，给出了激光粒度仪测试超细煤粉粒度的最佳实验条件。  相似文献   

Evaluating accuracy for two empirical methods in predicting settlement of drilled shafts     

Azm S. Al-Homoud  T. Fouad  Ahmed Mokhtar 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2004,22(2):245-267

Several theoretical, empirical and semi-empirical methods are available in the literature to predict settlement of drilled shafts in sandy soils. In the Arabian Gulf countries, specifically in the United Arab Emirates, equations and procedure from the rest of the world are being used in analysis and design of drilled shafts without proper validation. It is the aim of this study to assess the applicability and evaluate the accuracy of two well known, and commonly used methods for pile prediction in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), namely Vesic (1977) and Poulos (1979), via comparison with data from field pile load tests conducted on shafts drilled in the region. Some of these tests were conducted for the purpose of this study, while others were made available through the courtesy of International Piling Contractors who are active in the region (e.g. Bauer International and Swiss Borings). Pile load test data were analyzed to back-calculate the model parameters related to settlement under different loading stages. Geological data and soil properties were obtained from studies conducted at the relevant sites. An effort is made to correlate soil properties with the prediction models. Statistical analysis is conducted to assess the accuracy of the results obtained from the two methods at different stages of loading via those obtained from pile load tests. Moreover, a detailed parametric study is conducted to assess the effect of the related parameters on the predicted pile settlement and the estimated settlement at different stages of loading. The study concluded with a recommendation of the most appropriate models and procedures to be followed for predicting the settlement of drilled shafts in the UAE, together with useful charts and correlation relations. Results showed that settlement values predicted by Vesic (1977) and Poulos (1979) overestimates the true values. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

The Significance of Multiple Saturation Points in the Context of Polybaric Near-fractional Melting   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ASIMOW  PAUL D.; LONGHI  JOHN 《Journal of Petrology》2004,45(12):2349-2367

Experimental petrologists have successfully located basalticliquid compositions parental to mid-ocean ridge basalt thatare, within experimental resolution, multiply saturated withthree-phase harzburgite or four-phase lherzolite assemblageson their liquidus at some elevated pressure. Such an experimentalresult is a necessary consequence of any paradigm in which eruptedbasalts derive from single-batch primary liquids that equilibratewith a mantle residue and undergo no subsequent magma mixingbefore differentiation and eruption. Here we investigate whether,conversely, such evidence of multiple saturation is sufficientto exclude dynamic melting models wherein increments of meltare mixed after segregation from residues, during melt transportor in magma chambers. Using two independent models of crystal–liquidequilibria to simulate polybaric near-fractional peridotitemelting, we find that aggregate liquids from such melting processescan display near-intersections of liquidus surfaces too closeto distinguish experimentally from exact multiple saturationpoints. Given uncertainties in glass compositions, fractionationcorrections, experimental temperature and pressure conditions,and achievement of equilibrium, these results suggest that polybaricmixtures can in fact masquerade as mantle-equilibrated single-batchprimary liquids. Multiple saturation points on the liquidussurfaces of primitive basalts do, however, preserve informationabout the average pressure of extraction of their constituentincrements of liquid. KEY WORDS: mantle melting; basaltic volcanism; experimental igneous petrology; thermodynamic modelling; inverse method  相似文献   

The Origin and Evolution of Silica-saturated Alkalic Suites: an Experimental Study   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：6  

NEKVASIL  H.; DONDOLINI  A.; HORN  J.; FILIBERTO  J.; LONG  H.; LINDSLEY  D. H. 《Journal of Petrology》2004,45(4):693-721

Experimental simulation of incremental crystal fractionationof a hy-normative hawaiite indicates that the spectrum of compositionsfrom mildly alkalic hawaiite to sodic rhyolite found in silica-saturatedalkalic suites of the ocean islands and continental hotspotsand rifts can be produced by fractionation at 9·3 kbarwith bulk water contents >  相似文献   

Formation of Carbon and Hydrogen Species in Magmas at Low Oxygen Fugacity   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

KADIK  A.; PINEAU  F.; LITVIN  Y.; JENDRZEJEWSKI  N.; MARTINEZ  I.; JAVOY  M. 《Journal of Petrology》2004,45(7):1297-1310

Studies of iron-bearing silicate melt (ferrobasalt) + iron metallicphase + graphite + hydrogen equilibria show that carbon andhydrogen solubilities in melts are important for the evolutionof the upper mantle. In a series of experiments conducted at3·7 GPa and 1520–1600°C, we have characterizedthe nature (oxidized vs reduced) and quantified the abundancesof C- and H-compounds dissolved in iron-bearing silicate melts.Experiments were carried out in an anvil-with-hole apparatuspermitting the achievement of equal chemical potentials of H₂in the inner Pt capsule and outer furnace assembly. The fO₂for silicate melt–iron equilibrium was 2·32 ±0·04 log units below iron–wüstite (IW). Theferrobasalt used as starting material experienced a reductionof its iron oxides and silicate network. The counterpart wasa liberation of oxygen reacting with the hydrogen entering thecapsule. The amount of H₂O dissolved in the glasses was measuredby ion microprobe and by step-heating and was found to be between1 and 2 wt %. The dissolved carbon content was found to be 1600ppm C by step-heating. The speciation of C and H componentswas determined by IR and Raman spectroscopy. It was establishedthat the main part of the liberated oxygen was used to formOH^– and to a much lesser extent H₂O, and only traces ofH₂, CO₂ and  相似文献