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21.
红层高悬台地"顶平、身陡、谷深",具有独特的水文地质特征和地下水富集规律。依据以抗旱打井取得的数据、资料并结合前人已有成果,探讨红层高悬台地在不同地形地貌和地质构造条件下的地下水赋存特点,显示地貌形态与地质构造协调控水。台地中部尤其是沉积盆地边缘,是抗旱找水打井的有利地段。台地边缘地下水可采资源和储存量较少,但在局部地貌汇水有利部位和构造发育地段,可形成局部富水块段,因而应按"贫区中找富块,贫块中找富点"的思路,寻找微型、小型储水构造,找准补给、径流、排汇和含、隔水层关系,准确定位、打井找水。受地形地貌条件所限,红层高悬台地尤其是边缘地带地下水位埋藏较深,宜尽量打深井揭至侵蚀基准面以下,才更有可能多出水。 相似文献
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Root-mean-square distance Drms with characteristic of weighted-average is introduced in this article firstly. Drms can be used to capture the general proximity of a site to a dipping fault plane comparing with the rupture distance Drup and the seismogenic distance Dseis. Then, using Drup, Dseis and Drms, the hanging wall/footwall effects on the peak ground acceleration (PGA) during the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake are evaluated by regression analysis. The logarithm residual shows that the PGA on hanging wall is much greater than that on footwall at the same Drup or Dseis when the Drup or Dseis is used as site-to-source distance measure. In contrast, there is no significant difference between the PGA on hanging wall and that on footwall at the same Drms when Drms is used. This result confirms that the hanging wall/footwall effect is mainly a geometric effect caused by the asymmetry of dipping fault. Therefore, the hanging wall/footwall effect on the near-fault ground motions can be ignored in the future attenuation analysis if the root-mean-square distance Drms is used as the site-to-source distance measure. 相似文献
24.
STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION OF THE KULU-RAMPUR AND LARJI WINDOW ZONES, WESTERN HIMALAYA, INDIA 相似文献
25.
A new attenuation model of near-fault ground motions with consideration of the hanging wall effect in the Wenchuan earthquake 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
The hanging wall effect is an important factor that impacts the characteristics of strong ground motions in near-fault areas. Based on a residual analysis of ground motion parameters characterizing the hanging wall effect and in recognition of the nature of the effect, many models have been developed. In this study, after a comprehensive analysis of two existing models, a new model is proposed and used to model the hanging wall effect in horizontal peak ground acceleration (PGAH) and spectral acceleration (SAH) at a period of 0.1s in the Wenchuan earthquake. Finally, comparisons between the modeling results of the hanging wall effect in the Wenchuan earthquake and the results predicted by using Abrahamson and Silva’s NGA model (AS NGA) indicate that the AS NGA model predicts a much higher hanging wall effect than the model developed in this paper. Furthermore, the AS NGA model predicts a large hanging wall effect even at great distances, while the proposed model more accurately captures the trend of the effect. 相似文献
26.
Rory N. Mortimore 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(3):392-420
Late Cretaceous sedimentary history has been strongly influenced by both sea-level fluctuations and inversion tectonics. Evidence for tectonic movements, originally identified in German Late Cretaceous basins, is applied to the UK successions. Two periods of movement are conspicuous: a Middle Turonian episode involving huge loss of section along anticlinal axes in southern England and a Late Santonian-Early Campanian episode also involving section loss on structure and section gain off structure. This pattern is repeated where folds or blocks are underlain by inversion thrust faults (e.g. the Purbeck Fault in Dorset, the Falmer Fault in Sussex, the Portsdown Fault in Hampshire and the Bray Fault in Upper Normandy). Other episodes of inversion in the Late Turonian to Middle Coniacian and the late Early Campanian are investigated and are a probable cause of slump beds and slides. These tecto-sedimentary episodes can be applied to structures in Northern Ireland, Inner Hebrides, North Sea and Yorkshire as well as southern Britain. Beyond NW Europe the Late Santonian – Early Campanian event is widely recognised in the Carpathians, southern Europe, Africa and the Levant and coincides with the end of the Long Cretaceous Quiet Zone (Chron 34N to 33R) perhaps representing a major change in Earth dynamics related to Mid-Ocean Ridge crustal production and intra-continental crust tectonism. 相似文献
27.
短基线InSAR探测龙门山主断裂带两侧震后雨期的滑坡空间分布特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探测汶川震后龙门山主断裂带两侧滑坡灾害的空间分布特征,使用雨期前后的两幅超短基线PALSAR影像开展雷达干涉测量,提出三维空间因子SAR大气长波相位建模方法,利用雷达视线方向形变阈值扣除大气短波相位,联合地形坡度因子综合提取主断裂带两侧强降雨期的滑坡空间分布。计算结果表明,震后滑坡灾害基本沿映秀-北川主断裂带两侧呈条带状密集分布,其中90%滑坡分布于高程为（1000~3000）m区间,地形坡度因子则集中于(15~35)°范围,多数滑坡距离发震断层约为（3~15）km,70%滑坡分布于断层上盘区,上下盘滑坡数量和面积存在明显差异,表明震后滑坡受发震断层上盘逆冲运动特性的滞后效应较为显著。 相似文献
28.
利用汶川地震中得到的靠近映秀-北川主断裂的64个强震台站的三分量记录数据,对加速度记录进行基线校正的基础上获取近断层地面运动的永久形变位移,并将由强震记录获取到的地面位移结果与GPS观测到的同震位移进行对比分析,研究汶川Ms8.0地震的近断层地面运动的位移特征.结果表明:①在靠近映秀-北川主断层的上盘和下盘,东西相向的地面运动非常剧烈.下盘的51SFB,51MZQ和51JYH台东西向位移均为负(即地面运动向西),其中51SFB台位移量最大,达到1.49m;上盘的51WCW台位移向东,位移量为1.26 m.②地面运动的位移分布主要表现为以龙门山断裂带的映秀-北川断裂为核心的相向运动,东西方向上的永久位移要大于南北方向.从断层机制上来讲,断层的错动以逆冲运动为主(即逆冲位移要大于走滑分量的位移),这与震源机制反演及地质考察的结果一致.③大的地面永久位移集中分布在以龙门山断裂带为中心的狭长范围内,离开发震断裂地面位移的衰减很快.相比而言,在发震断层的下盘一侧(即四川盆地)的地面位移的衰减比上盘一侧明显要快. 相似文献
29.
从拓扑关系自动构建算法出发，归纳出拓扑关系构建中可能存在的五种错误情况，如悬挂链、桥、不合适节点等，对每种错误情况提出不同的判断方法以及解决方案。在此基础上改进拓扑关系自动构建算法。使之具备检查功能。实践证明，基于检查的拓扑关系自动构建算法是可行的，建立的拓扑关系是正确的。 相似文献
30.