冬、夏季青藏高原地面加热场激发的500hPa遥相关型   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李超 《高原气象》1994,13(2):122-127

本文用青藏高原地面加热场强度来表征高原的加热状况，并用统计的方法，分析了冬季（２月）和夏季（７月）青藏高原地面加热场强度与同期５００ｈＰａ位势高度的遥相关关系，得到如下结论：冬季高原地面加热场可激发北半球５００ｈＰａ产生遥相关型，这种遥相关型可看成是二维Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波列由低纬向东北方向传播；夏季高原地面加热场可激发北半球５００ｈＰａ产生类似于ＥＵ型的遥相关，这种遥相关型可看成二维Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波列由  相似文献   

中国早期具刺疑源类的演化及生物地层学意义   总被引：9，自引：4，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

尹崇玉  高林志 《地质学报》1995,69(4):360-371,T002

本文以我国元古代至早寒武世梅树村阶中发现的具刺疑源类化石为基础，结合最近研究的新资料，通过对具刺疑源类化石组合特征、形态对比、微细结构和演经关系的研究，并与国内外资料广泛为对比。探讨了我国早期具刺疑源类的演化阶段、各阶段的组合特征及生物地展学意义，论证了我国早期具刺疑原类的演化发展趋势。  相似文献   

洋面冷锋的三维数值模拟──潜热释放对冷锋结构的影响     

俞小鼎  ERichar  RRosset 《气象学报》1995,53(3):319-327

通过比较一次洋面冷锋过程的干、湿三维模拟结果，揭示潜热释放对冷锋结构的影响。结果表明：由于潜热释放的作用，冷锋区的温度梯度和风矢量的气旋性切变大大地加强了，冷锋附近的涡度场和垂直速度场呈现出更多的更加紧密的中尺度结构；锋面非地转直接环流在湿模拟中比在干模拟中发展得更加充分并且具有更高的组织性；潜热加热倾向于增加锋面环流的强度，尤其是其上升支的强度。研究表明，潜热释放过程是形成冷锋前沿上方低层大气中狭窄强上升气流区的关键因素之一。  相似文献   

陕川丁家林-太阳坪金矿床黄铁矿标型特征          下载免费PDF全文

刘爽  刘新会  魏宽义 《地质找矿论丛》2005,20(Z1):20-23

金矿床中黄铁矿的化学元素、晶体形态、粒度等标型特征与其形成的物理化学环境及介质条件密切相关.通过对陕川丁家林-太阳坪金矿区主要载金矿物黄铁矿在韧性剪切变形-构造分异热液期与脆性剪切变形-构造分异热液期化学元素含量对比,以及黄铁矿形态、粒度分析,研究黄铁矿与金矿物关系.丁家林-太阳坪金矿黄铁矿形态以{100}、{210}单晶及{100} {210}聚晶为其标型.黄铁矿在空间分布特征来看,深部成矿的可能性不大.应沿丁家林-太阳坪脆-韧性剪切带寻找金矿.  相似文献   

腐解9个月后杉木枯枝落叶化感物质对杉木的化感作用     

曹光球  刘学芝  林思祖  胡宗庆  王凌霄 《福建地理》2007,(2)

采用有机溶剂与蒸馏水混和浸提杉木枯枝落叶腐解9个月后化感物质,应用杉木种子发芽试验进行生物检测.结果表明:杉木枯枝落叶腐解9个月后,杉木枯枝落叶中的弱极性化感物质对绝对发芽率、绝对发芽势、胚根长、胚轴长及干物质量等指标表现为抑制作用,对鲜物质量则表现为轻微的促进作用;极性化感物质对杉木种子发芽各指标均等表现为抑制作用.腐解土中的弱极性化感物质对杉木种子发芽各指标均表现为抑制作用,极性化感物质对绝对发芽率、绝对发芽势、胚轴长及干物质量等表现为抑制作用,但对胚根长、鲜物质量表现为促进作用.  相似文献   

Thermal surface characteristics of coal fires 1 results of in-situ measurements     

Jianzhong Zhang  Claudia Kuenzer   《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2007,63(3-4):117-134

Natural underground coal fires are fires in coal seams occurring subsurface. The fires are ignited through a process named spontaneous combustion, which occurs based on a natural reaction but is usually triggered through human interaction. Coal mining activities expose coal to the air. This leads to the exothermal oxidation of the carbon in the coal with the air's oxygen to CO₂ and – under certain circumstances – to spontaneous combustion. Coal fires occur in many countries world wide – however, currently the Chinese coal mining industry faces the biggest problems with coal fires. Coal fires destroy the valuable resource coal and furthermore lead to many environmental degradation phenomena such as the deterioration of surrounding vegetation, land subsidence and the emission of toxic gasses (CO, N₂O). They additionally contribute to the emission of green house relevant gasses such as CO₂ and CH₄ to the atmosphere.In this paper we present thermal characteristics of coal fires as measured in-situ during a field campaign to the Wuda coal fire area in south-central Inner Mongolia, China. Thermal characteristics include temperature anomaly measurements at the surface, spatial surface temperature profiles of fire areas and unaffected background areas, diurnal temperature profiles, and temperature measurements inside of coal fire induced cracks in the overlying bedrock. For all the measurements the effects of uneven solar heating through influences of slope and aspect are considered.Our findings show that coal fires result in strong or subtle thermal surface anomalies. Especially the latter can easily be influenced by heating of the surrounding background material through solar influences. Temperature variation of background rocks with different albedo, slope, aspect or vegetation cover can substantially influence the detectability of thermal anomalies. In the worst case coal fire related thermal anomalies can be completely masked by solar patterns during the daytime. Thus, night-time analysis is the most suitable for thermal anomaly mapping of underground coal fires, although this is not always feasible. The heat of underground coal fires only progresses very slowly through conduction in the rock material. Anomalies of coal fires completely covered by solid unfractured bedrock are very weak and were only measured during the night. The thermal pattern of underground coal fires manifested on the surface during the daytime is thus the pattern of cracks and vents, which occur due to the volume loss underground and which support radiation and convective energy transport of hot gasses. Inside coal fire temperatures can hardly be measured and can only be recorded if the glowing coal is exposed through a wider crack in the overlaying bedrock. Direct coal fire temperatures measured ranged between 233 °C and 854 °C. The results presented can substantially support the planning of thermal mapping campaigns, analyses of coal fire thermal anomalies in remotely sensed data, and can provide initial and boundary conditions for coal fire related numerical modeling.In a second paper named “Thermal Characteristics of Coal Fires 2: results of measurements on simulated coal fires” [Zhang J., Kuenzer C., Tetzlaff A., Oettl D., Zhukov B., Wagner W., 2007. Thermal Characteristics of Coal Fires 2: Result of measurements on simulated coal fires. Accepted for publication at Journal of Applied Geophysics. doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2007.08.003] we report about thermal characteristics of simulated coal fires simulated under simplified conditions. The simulated set up allowed us to measure even more parameters under undisturbed conditions — especially inside fire temperatures. Furthermore we could demonstrate the differences between open surface coal fires and covered underground coal fires. Thermal signals of coal fires in near range thermal remotely sensed imagery from an observing tower and from an airplane are presented and discussed.  相似文献   

青藏高原加热与亚洲环流季节变化和夏季风爆发   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

刘新  吴国雄  刘屹岷  刘平 《大气科学》2002,26(6):781-793

利用逐日NCEP/NCAR再分析资料分析了春夏过渡季节青减高原非绝热加热和大气环流季节变化以及亚洲季风爆发的关系.结果表明,过渡季节的早期(5月中旬以前)青藏高原总非绝热加热与感热加热的时间演变曲线趋势一致,感热加热在过渡季节早期的环流演变中有很重要的作用.青藏高原非绝热加热的时间演变与北半球环流的季节变化和亚洲夏季风爆发有很好的相关.在过渡季节里,青藏高原非绝热加热的变化引起了海-陆热力差异对比的变化,给亚洲夏季风的爆发建立了有利的背景环境,对亚洲夏季风爆发有明显的影响.结果还表明,用各区域纬向风垂直差异的时空分布能更准确地表示季节变化的区域差异.  相似文献   

石家庄市采暖期气象服务系统   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

车少静  傅炳珊  石志增 《气象》2002,28(5):50-52

在采暖期内为了做到既能让人们感到冷暖适宜，又能合理地减少采暖期内的采暖能源浪费，该文对石家庄市采暖期气象条件进行了详细分析，建立了与气象预报相结合的采暖气象服务系统，实际应用效果良好。  相似文献   

利用NOAA NDVI数据集监测冬小麦生育期的研究   总被引：34，自引：2，他引：34  

辛景峰  宇振荣  P.M.Driessen 《遥感学报》2001,5(6):442-447

探索了利用NDVI研究作物生育期的方法，对黄淮海冬麦区的返青期、抽穗期、成熟期进行了估测，并利用地面实际观测资料进行了验证。结果表明，NDVI数据对大范围农作物生育期监测是可行的。冬小麦遥感反青期由南到北依次推迟，符合春季绿波由南到北推移规律。对冬小麦遥感生育期年际变化分析表明，黄淮海平原返青期变化相对较大，而抽穗期和成熟期变化较小。根据历年月平均温度与返青期分析，冬小麦返青日期与2月份平均温度密切相关。对于局部地区，利用5d合成1km分辨率数据，且按农业生态分区分别制定生育期判别标准，估测效果将更好。  相似文献   

斯堪的那维亚臭氧亏损和地面加热     

Zhou Libo  Zou Han  Ji Chongping  Wang Wei  Jian Yongxiao 《大气科学进展》2001,18(3):454-466

对ＮＡＳＡ的ＴＯＭＳ臭氧资料进行分析后指出：冬季在北极的斯堪的那维亚地区存在一个明显的臭氧亏损区，亏损区的中心值达－５０ ＤＵ，相当于该区域平均值的 １５％。对臭氧亏损和北大西洋海温的东西向差异作相关分析得到：其季节变化的相关系数为－０．９６，逐月（ １６８个月）变化的相关系数为－０．７０。同样对臭氧亏损与地面加热进行相关分析后指出：斯堪的那维亚地区的臭氧亏损和该地区地面的热通量关系极其密切，其相关系数均在－０．８７以上。由此我们认为：北大西洋暖流向北输送能量，引起斯堪的纳维亚地区地面加热，由此造成了冬季该地区的臭氧亏损。  相似文献