Sedimentary Characteristics and Paleoenvironmental Records of Zabuye Salt Lake, Tibetan Plateau, since 128 ka BP   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

ZHENG Mianping YUAN Heran LIU Junying LI Yanhe MA Zhibang SUN Qing 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(5):861-874

This paper for the first time reveals high-resolution core records of Zabuye Salt Lake in the interior of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. According to 1346 samples taken continuously, relatively accurate 14^C, U-series disequilibrium and ESR ages have been obtained, thus revealing that the lake core ages from 0 to 83.63 m of hole SZK02 are -800 to over 128 ka. In the paper, the lake core sedimentary characteristics （including the lithologies and mineral assemblages） are analyzed in detail and correlated with ostracod assemblages I to XX and sporopollen zones A to I, and on the basis of an integrated analysis of the δ^18O values of authigenic calcium-magnesium carbonate and environmental proxies of minerals, sporopollen and microfossils in the lake core, a correlation has been made of oxygen isotope change between this lake core and the Greenland GISP2 and GRIP and Guliya ice cores, and the climate of Zabuye Salt Lake since 128 ka BP is divided into the last interglacial stage （including substages e, d, c, b and a） of oxygen isotope stage （OIS） 5, early glacial stadial of the last glacial stage of OIS 4, interglacial stadial of the last glacial stage of OIS 3, late glacial stadial of the last glacial stage or Last Glacial Maximum of OIS 2 and postglacial state of OIS 1; in addition, 6 Heinrich （H6-H1） events, Younger Dryas event and 8.2 ka BP cold event have been recognized.  相似文献   

A Numerical Simulation Study of Impacts of Historical Land-Use Changes on the Regional Climate in China Since 1700     

LI Qiaoping  DING Yihui  DONG Wenjie 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2007,21(1):9-23

By using the improved regional climate model (BCC_RegCM1.0), a series of modeling experiments are undertaken to investigate the impacts of historical land-use changes (LUCs) on the regional climate in China. Simulations are conducted for 2 years using estimated land-use for 1700, 1800, 1900, 1950, and 1990. The conversion of land cover in these periods was extensive over China, where large areas were altered from forests to either grass or crops, or from grasslands to crops. Results show that, since 1700, historical LUCs have significant effects on regional climate change, with rainfall increasing in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, Northwest China, and Northeast China, but decreasing by different degrees in other regions. The air temperature shows significant warming over large areas in recent hundred years, especially from 1950 to 1990, which is consistent with the warming caused by increasing greenhouse gases. On the other hand, historical LUCs have obvious effects on mean circulation, with the East Asian winter and summer monsoonal flows becoming more intensive, which is mainly attributed to the amplifled temperature difference between ocean and land due to vegetation change. Thus, it would be given more attention to the impacts of LUCs on regional climate change.  相似文献   

吉安市区GPS地籍控制网的建立     

詹家民 《全球定位系统》2007,32(5):33-38

随着GPS导航定位技术的日臻完善，GPS定位技术在工程测量领域的应用越来越广泛，从地形测图、线路放样、到控制测量都发挥了重要的作用。本文主要叙述了应用GPS定位技术建立吉安市区地籍控制网的情况。  相似文献   

地理信息历史数据在环境变化监测中的应用     

徐开明  于洪伟  孙丽梅  孙晓生 《测绘与空间地理信息》2007,30(1):10-14

在遥感与地理信息技术基础上,分析现有的地理信息历史资料及其在资源环境监测中的应用,并以某湿地为研究区,根据不同时期的地理信息历史资料,重建湿地空间分布的时间演化,探究其演变原因,以期为研究区内的环境保护提供可参考的依据。同时,充分开发利用现有的地理信息资源,为资源环境监测提供有效服务。  相似文献   

中国1950年代初地质科学发展的历史研究——李四光致章鸿钊书札整理     

马翠凤  王鑫  卢小莉  张孟伯  刘国  柴新夏 《地质论评》2023,69(5):2003-2014

章鸿钊、李四光二位大师,都是中国地学界举足轻重的人物。新中国建立初期,为更好地服务国家经济社会发展,以李四光为代表的老一辈地质人,推动了新中国地质事业的艰难起步。本文收录了这一时期李四光致章鸿钊的六通书札,略做考释,个别书札附有章鸿钊回函,其中一则为其回函时所书写的底稿/草稿,更为难得。内容主要涉及建国初期地质机构设置等,可为此一时期研究提供一手珍贵历史资料。  相似文献   

江西省传统村落时空格局与演变研究     

陈倩婷  张琍  段亚鹏  范诗琪 《遥感学报》2021,25(12):2460-2471

传统村落是中华文明的鲜活载体,是中华历史、文化、自然遗产的“活化石”和“博物馆”,承载着中华传统文化的精髓。江西具有璀璨的历史文化,传统村落的时空格局的演化承载着江西历史的变迁和文化的传承。本文从历史地理学角度,结合历史文献和空间自相关分析、核密度分析、标准差椭圆、地理探测器等方法从历史、空间及文化3个维度对江西省343个传统村落的时空格局演化规律和影响因素进行研究。研究表明,从空间上看江西省传统村落在分布上具有明显的聚集性,且“热点”出现在上饶市婺源县与景德镇市浮梁县、抚州市东北部、吉安市中部3个区域,形成独有的“三核”分布模式。从历史线上看,江西省传统村落呈现出由“北（略偏东）—>南（略偏西）”的时空迁移特征;从村落分布选址角度,江西省传统村落大多分布在地势较为平坦、周围靠近水源的地区,江西省的盆地结构与密布的水网决定了自然因素是决定传统村落选址的首要因素,而文化的发展又促进了村落的扩张与壮大。在传统村落保护方面,经济的发展与城市的发展严重影响着传统村落的保护,政策的支持是目前传统村落保护的重要基石。  相似文献   

A new record of Sebastes koreanus from China based on morphological characters and DNA barcoding     

方亚璐  宋娜  高天翔 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2015,33(3):590-596

A new record of Sebastes koreanus(Kim and Lee,1994) was documented based on morphological characters and DNA barcoding. Fifty-six S ebastes specimens were collected from the coastal waters of northern China. Samples were identified as S. koreanus based on morphological characters. The coloration and morphometric measurements were consistent with those described from specimens collected in South Korea. In this study,specimens had the following morphological characteristics:light brown body with dark stripes and tiny dark spots,4–5 wide indistinct vertical patterns on the side,2 radial stripes behind and below the eyes,1 large dark blotch on the opercle. Additionally,the following meristic characters were recorded:dorsal fin XIV-13,pectoral fin 16,anal fin III-6–7,pelvic fin I-5,lateral line scales 29–30,and vertebrae 26. The fragment of cytochrome oxidase subunit I(C OI) gene of mitochondrial DNA was sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. The mean genetic distance within the species was 0.3%. Net genetic distances between S. koreanus and other S ebastes species ranged from 3.1% to 7.6%,which was greater than the threshold for species delimitation. The phylogenetic analysis strongly supports the validity of S. koreanus in China at the genetic level. The origion,evolution,patterns of speciation and unique features in genome divergence among primate lineages of this species still need future directions of research.  相似文献   

农商部地质调查局始末考     

杨丽娟 《地质论评》2021,67(3):67040030-67040030

中国地质调查事业始于民国。1913年地质调查所正式成立,直至1950年裁撤,30余年间一直是中国地质学家的大本营。1916年初,地质调查所重新改组为地质调查局,并在行政上直接隶属农商部。同年夏天,地质研究所学生毕业后入地质调查局工作,成为地质调查局主要成员。1916年底,地质调查局被裁撤,又恢复地质调查所,但此后工作形式与机构管理均与调查局时期无太大变化。地质调查局因存在时间较短,加之史料不多,以往著述着墨不多。本文以《农商公报》、《政府公报》及地质调查局相关原始材料为基础,考察地质调查局成立始末、机构设置、人员组成及早期进行的地质调查工作。认为地质调查局的成立是中国地质学者建立独立地质调查专门机构的一次尝试。  相似文献   

Unravelling the protracted U-Pb zircon geochronological record of high to ultrahigh temperature metamorphic rocks: Implications for provenance investigations     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(2):101515

The assessment of detrital zircon age records is a key method in basin analysis, but it is prone to several biases that may compromise accurate sedimentary provenance investigations. High to ultrahigh temperature (HT-UHT) metamorphism (especially if T > 850 °C) is herein presented as a natural cause of bias in provenance studies based on U-Pb detrital zircon ages, since zircon from rocks submitted to these extreme and often prolonged conditions frequently yield protracted, apparently concordant, geochronological records. Such age spreading can result from disturbance of the primary U-Pb zircon system, likewise from (re)crystallization processes during multiple and/or prolonged metamorphic events. In this contribution, available geochronological data on Archean, Neoproterozoic and Palaeozoic HT-UHT metamorphic rocks, acquired by different techniques (SIMS and LA-ICP-MS) and showing distinct compositions, are reassessed to demonstrate HT-UHT metamorphism may result in modes and age distributions of unclear geological meaning. As a consequence, it may induce misinterpretations on U-Pb detrital zircon provenance analyses, particularly in sedimentary rocks metamorphosed under such extreme temperature conditions. To evaluate the presence of HT-UHT metamorphism-related bias in the detrital zircon record, we suggest a workflow for data acquisition and interpretation, combining a multi-proxy approach with: (i) in situ U-Pb dating coupled with Hf analyses to retrieve the isotopic composition of the sources, and (ii) the integration of a petrochronological investigation to typify fingerprints of the HT-UHT metamorphic event. The proposed workflow is validated in the investigation of one theoretical and one natural example allowing a better characterization of the sedimentary sources, maximum depositional ages, and the tectonic setting of the basin. Our workflow allows to the appraisal of biases imposed by HT-UHT metamorphism and resulting disturbances in the U-Pb detrital zircon record, particularly for sedimentary rocks that underwent HT-UHT metamorphism and, finally, suggests ways to overcome these issues.  相似文献   

Aerosol transmission of human pathogens: From miasmata to modern viral pandemics and their preservation potential in the Anthropocene record     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(6):101282

Ongoing uncertainty over the relative importance of aerosol transmission of COVID-19 is in part rooted in the history of medical science and our understanding of how epidemic diseases can spread through human populations. Ancient Greek medical theory held that such illnesses are transmitted by airborne pathogenic emanations containing particulate matter (“miasmata”). Notable Roman and medieval scholars such as Varro, Ibn al-Khatib and Fracastoro developed these ideas, combining them with early germ theory and the concept of contagion. A widely held but vaguely defined belief in toxic miasmatic mists as a dominant causative agent in disease propagation was overtaken by the science of 19th century microbiology and epidemiology, especially in the study of cholera, which was proven to be mainly transmitted by contaminated water. Airborne disease transmission came to be viewed as burdened by a dubious historical reputation and difficult to demonstrate convincingly. A breakthrough came with the classic mid-20th century work of Wells, Riley and Mills who proved how expiratory aerosols (their “droplet nuclei”) could transport still-infectious tuberculosis bacteria through ventilation systems. The topic of aerosol transmission of pathogenic respiratory diseases assumed a new dimension with the mid-late 20th century “Great Acceleration” of an increasingly hypermobile human population repeatedly infected by different strains of zoonotic viruses, and has taken centre stage this century in response to outbreaks of new respiratory infections that include coronaviruses. From a geoscience perspective, the consequences of pandemic-status diseases such as COVID-19, produced by viral pathogens utilising aerosols to infect a human population currently approaching 8 billion, are far-reaching and unprecedented. The obvious and sudden impacts on for example waste plastic production, water and air quality and atmospheric chemistry are accelerating human awareness of current environmental challenges. As such, the “anthropause” lockdown enforced by COVID-19 may come to be seen as a harbinger of change great enough to be preserved in the Anthropocene stratal record.  相似文献