全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1315篇 |
免费 | 352篇 |
国内免费 | 49篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 31篇 |
大气科学 | 15篇 |
地球物理 | 1054篇 |
地质学 | 289篇 |
海洋学 | 122篇 |
天文学 | 6篇 |
综合类 | 20篇 |
自然地理 | 179篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 15篇 |
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 17篇 |
2021年 | 96篇 |
2020年 | 114篇 |
2019年 | 61篇 |
2018年 | 79篇 |
2017年 | 73篇 |
2016年 | 72篇 |
2015年 | 69篇 |
2014年 | 88篇 |
2013年 | 147篇 |
2012年 | 49篇 |
2011年 | 58篇 |
2010年 | 53篇 |
2009年 | 49篇 |
2008年 | 93篇 |
2007年 | 64篇 |
2006年 | 72篇 |
2005年 | 38篇 |
2004年 | 41篇 |
2003年 | 41篇 |
2002年 | 48篇 |
2001年 | 23篇 |
2000年 | 38篇 |
1999年 | 27篇 |
1998年 | 29篇 |
1997年 | 27篇 |
1996年 | 29篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1716条查询结果,搜索用时 389 毫秒
101.
寒区和干旱区水文研究的回顾和展望 总被引:9,自引:3,他引:6
寒区和干旱区水文研究冰川,积雪,冻土,高寒山区和山前地带已初步形成了较完整的观测实验和研究体系,80年代以来,在冰川融水径流,出山径流形成的观测实验,寒区水文过程,冰川作用流域水文过程和大气过程相互关系。乌鲁木齐地区的水资源问题,气候对水资源的影响,高亚洲冰冻圈水文,冰川洪水和融雪径流以及干旱区水文等方面已取得了多项研究成果,近年来,寒区和干旱区水文水资源的研究在内陆河流域水资源合理开发利用与社会 相似文献
102.
用窗口法估计不连续面的连通率 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
基于不连续面与窗口交切的必需而充分的条件,推导了不连续面迹长、间断长和不连续面连通率的估算公式,通过实例验证了该公式的正确性。 相似文献
103.
1987~1995年对降水、黑河水和古日乃草原地下水作了定位观测,在巴丹吉林沙漠水文探险中采集了沙漠和戈壁地下水及湖水.降水同位素组成δD~δ18O与Craig线相同,但发现了地下水的δD~δ18D关系平行于降水线且有氘盈余为负且达-22‰的异常,其成因不明.由地表、地下水环境同位素组成,分析了黑河治理规划实施后可能对地下水资源产生的工程影响,它近期不会成为古日乃草原沙漠化进程的因素,但对额济纳绿洲的影响却不容忽视. 相似文献
104.
105.
John M. Sharp 《Mathematical Geology》1976,8(3):305-322
Coupled energy and momentum balance equations are derived for a one-dimensional sequence of compacting sediments. These transient, nonlinear partial differential equations represent the one-dimensional equations of state for an accumulating sedimentary basin. A numerical solution is presented which provides a first-order approximation for porosity, temperature, and fluid pressures in the northern Gulf of Mexico. It seems that compaction disequilibrium is the primary mechanism for development of excess fluid pressures. Furthermore, the coupling of the equations demonstrates that temperature and pressure cannot be treated independently as may have been done in diagenetic studies. Some areas for further investigations are indicated. 相似文献
106.
Jean Emmanuel Sicart Pierre Ribstein Bernard Francou Bernard Pouyaud Thomas Condom 《Global and Planetary Change》2007,59(1-4):27
A glaciological program has been undertaken since 1991 on Zongo glacier in Bolivia (6000–4850 m asl, 2.4 km2, 16°S). This program involves mass balance measurements, hydrological studies and energy balance investigations. On outer-tropical glaciers, melting and snow accumulation are both maximum in the wet season (austral summer), whereas the dry season (winter) is a period of low ablation. Errors on each term of the glaciological (stakes, snow-pits and integration method of the measurements) and hydrological (precipitation, discharge and runoff coefficient of free ice areas) methods are investigated to estimate the overall accuracy of the mass balance measurements. The hydrological budget is less than the glaciological one (mean difference: 60 cm w.e. per year), but both methods reproduce similar inter-annual variations. Errors in assessment of evaporation or water storage inside the glacier cannot explain the discrepancy. Errors using the glaciological method are large (around ± 40 cm w.e. per year), but no bias can explain the departure from the hydrological balance. Errors on discharge measurements are small and the uncertainty on the runoff coefficient has a minor effect on the mass balance. We concluded that hydrological budgets are too low due to the catch deficiency of rain gauges and absence of precipitation measurements at high altitudes, emphasizing the difficulty to assess snowfall distribution in high mountainous basins. 相似文献
107.
We examine the low flow records for six urbanized watersheds in the Maryland Piedmont region and develop regression equations to predict annual minimum low flow events. The effects of both future climate (based on precipitation and temperature projections from two climate models: Hadley and the Canadian Climate Centre (CCC)) and land use change are incorporated to illustrate possible future trends in low flows. A regression modelling approach is pursued to predict the minimum annual 7‐day low flow estimates for the proposed future scenarios. A regional regression model was calibrated with between 10 and 50 years of daily precipitation, daily average temperature, annual imperviousness, and the daily observed flow time‐series across six watersheds. Future simulations based on a 55 km2 urbanizing watershed just north of Washington, DC, were performed. When land use and climate change were employed singly, the former predicted no trends in low flows and the latter predicted significant increasing trends under Hadley and no trends under CCC. When employed jointly, however, low flows were predicted to decrease significantly under CCC, whereas Hadley predicted no significant trends in low flows. Antecedent precipitation was the most influential predictor on low flows, followed by urbanization. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
108.
新冠疫情对中国国际航空网络连通性的影响及空间差异 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
航空运输在实现各国互联互通、推动全球经济发展中发挥着重要作用。突发公共卫生事件或恶劣天气等均易对航空网络的连通性造成影响。本研究以新冠疫情为例,从全球航空网络视角探讨新冠疫情对中国国际航空网络连通性的影响及地区差异。研究结果表明:疫情期间,中国境外通航城市、国际航班、国际航线数量均大幅缩减,航空网络连通效率显著降低,但其空间格局未发生根本性变化,东亚和东南亚仍是中国对外主要联系地区,经济联系与贸易仍然起着重要作用。航线停飞对中国与中亚、西亚和大洋洲航空网络的连通性影响最大,而航班缩减对中国与东亚、中亚和东南亚航空网络的连通性影响最大。在国内,北京、上海和广州仍然是中国对外联系的枢纽城市,且其聚集度在疫情期间得到提升。 相似文献
109.
110.
Joaquín Chaves Christopher Neill Sonja Germer Sérgio Gouveia Neto Alex Krusche Helmut Elsenbeer 《水文研究》2008,22(12):1766-1775
Forest clearing and conversion to cattle pasture in the lowland Amazon region has been linked to soil compaction and increased soil water storage, which combine to diminish soil infiltration, enhance quick lateral flows and increase the stream flow response to precipitation. Quantifying the importance of quick surficial flow in response to this land use change requires identification of water sources within catchments that contribute to stream flow. Using an end member mixing analysis approach, potential contributing sources of stream flow were evaluated during an entire rainy season in a forest and a pasture watershed drained by ephemeral‐to‐intermittent streams in the south‐western Amazon. Water yield was 17% of precipitation in the pasture and 0·8% of precipitation in the forest. During the early rainy season, throughfall, groundwater, and soil water contributed 79%, 18%, and 3%, respectively, to total forest stream flow. Over the entire rainy season, throughfall, groundwater, and shallow soil water provided 57%, 24%, and 19%, respectively, of stream flow. In the pasture watershed, overland flow dominated stream flow both in the early (67%) and late (57%) rainy season, with a mean contribution of 60% overland flow, 35% groundwater, and 5% soil water. The uncertainty associated with those estimates was studied using a Monte Carlo approach. In addition to large changes in total surface flow, marked differences were found in the proportions of total stream flow in the second half of the rainy season between the forest and pasture watershed. These results suggest that (1) there is great potential for alteration of the hydrological budgets of larger watersheds as the proportion of deforested land in the Amazon increases, and (2) as more rainfall is diverted into fast flowpaths to streams in established pastures, the potential to deliver water with higher solute concentrations generated by erosion or by bypassing sites of solute removal increases. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献