THE IDENTIFICATION OF REGIONAL BOUNDARIES ON COGNITIVE MAPS*     

Robert Lloyd  Theodore Steinke 《The Professional geographer》1986,38(2):149-159

This study investigates regions on cognitive maps and methods used to identify their boundaries. Subjects either drew regional boundaries on a map or decided in which region sample points were located. These methods produced similar results with differences associated more with regional boundaries than cores. The amount of time needed to make point decisions demonstrated the subjects' cognitive process and corroborated boundaries and cores for the cognitive regions. Differences among subjects' maps were greater when boundaries were drawn.  相似文献   

A Critical Note on ‘Eco‐Civic Regionalisation’ as the Basis for Local Government Boundaries in Australia     

BRIAN DOLLERY  LIN CRASE 《The Australian geographer》2004,35(3):289-300

The notion of ‘eco‐civic regionalisation’ has been applied recently to New South Wales by Brunckhorst, Coop and Reeve (2004 Brunckhorst D Coop P Reeve I 2004 An eco‐civic regionalisation for rural New South Wales: final report to the NSW government Institute for Rural Futures and Centre for Bioregional Resource Management, University of New England, Armidale  [Google Scholar]) in order to identify the appropriate administrative boundaries for ‘socio‐civic’ regions and ‘biophysical’ regions. On the basis of this analysis, they recommended inter alia that 49 future non‐metropolitan ‘local government areas’ be established. This proposal was adopted with alacrity by advocates of the NSW government's program of compulsory council amalgamation, including official ‘Facilitators’ appointed by the State government to draft formal consolidation proposals. This paper disputes the applicability of ‘eco‐civic regionalisation’ as the foundation for local government boundaries in Australia.  相似文献   

Structural analysis of the Brigham City-Weber segment boundary zone,Wasatch normal fault,Utah: Implications for fault growth and structure     

James P. Evans  Holly Langrock 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1994,142(3-4):663-685

We investigate the history, kinematics, principal stress orientations and geometry of deformation at the end of a bent normal fault segment of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah. Three fault types, developed in Archean crystalline rocks, reflect progressive uplift of fault-related footwall rocks. Chlorite-breccias and phyllonites reflect deep-level, reaction-assisted plastic deformation along the north-striking part of the segment. Planar, fretted faults which formed by cataclasis cut the phyllonites and breccias and are developed throughout the footwall of the segment. Youngest faults are hematitecoated, extremely narrow polished surfaces. Slip vectors and kinematic analyses of small faults developed in the footwall indicate oblique normal slip along the north-striking portion of the segment. Slip vectors and fault orientation along the northwest-striking portion of the segment reflect complexly oriented slip on faults which strike subparallel and at high angles to the main fault trace, yet slip is confined to a broad fault-parallel zone. Small faults at the southernmost tip of the segment indicate a strong influence of the north-striking Weber segment to the south. Inversion of fault data for principal stress orientations document complexly oriented principal stresses through the segment boundary zone and suggest that ₃ may have reoriented approximately 60° over the life of the segment. Subsurface structure combined with small fault data indicate the segment boundary is comprised of a southwest-plunging bedrock high which is reflected by a sharp bend in the Brigham City segment. The southern end of the Brigham City segment may have started, as a straight, north-striking fault which has bent due to changes in stress orientations and/or interaction with the adjacent Weber segment.  相似文献   

胶州湾环流和污染扩散的数值模拟Ⅴ、胶州湾变空间步长的嵌套模型     

孙英兰  陈时俊  王丽霞  俞光耀 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1989,(1)

在对某一海域的流场进行数值模拟时,尽量提高目标水域的分辨率是普遍追求的目标之一。本文以胶州湾为例,提出了一个大、小网格嵌套的数值模型,并对海域内的防波堤狭长岛屿等视为线边界进行了数值处理,得到了满意的计算结果。  相似文献   

地下曲流河道单砂体内部薄夹层建筑结构研究方法   总被引：26，自引：1，他引：25  

马世忠  孙雨  范广娟  郝兰英 《沉积学报》2008,26(4):632-639

单砂体内部薄夹层因规模小、薄、不稳定、参数与分布难于确定等,致使覆盖盆地单砂体内部薄夹层及其建筑结构研究较少且难度很大,为此,本文以曲流河道沉积、建筑结构模式为指导,充分利用岩芯、测井、密井网等油田现有资料,提出了‘一整套地下曲流河道单砂体内部薄夹层建筑结构研究方法’,特别是以‘侧积泥、侧积面、废弃河道的识别、恢复、测算;河道几何学、河流工程参数计算;建筑结构理论模式为基础的‘单一侧积泥岩薄夹层建筑结构参数（倾角、倾向、规模）三类13种提取方法’及薄夹层分布密度与河道侧积轨迹研究技术,为这一难题的解决提供了可行的思路与方法。并以杏南油田PⅠ31b单元为靶区,应用该方法确定了曲流河道单砂体内部薄夹层及其建筑结构理论模式和研究区实际模式。  相似文献   

The migration of plate boundaries in SE Sicily: Influence on the large-scale kinematic model of the African promontory in southern Italy   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

S. Catalano  G. De Guidi  G. Romagnoli  S. Torrisi  G. Tortorici  L. Tortorici 《Tectonophysics》2008,449(1-4):41-62

A detailed field mapping, coupled with structural analyses and morphological investigation, has been carried out along the northern and western borders of the Hyblean Plateau (SE Sicily), in order to define the nature and the kinematics of a major Quaternary fault belt. This, here designed as the Scicli Line Fault Belt, is composed of two N50 oriented extensional basins that, linked by a regional N10 trending transfer zone, originated during the Early Pleistocene and experienced, since the Late Quaternary, a positive tectonic inversion. In both the two stages of deformation, the Scicli Line Fault Belt has been characterised by displacement-rate comparable with the relative velocities measured between the distinct plates composing the central Mediterranean region. In the period going from 1.5–1.2 to 0.85 Ma, the fault belt accommodated the entire divergence between Adria and Nubia. At present, the Scicli Line Fault Belt absorbs most of the Nubia–Eurasia convergence, while the western divergent margin of the Adria microplate has jumped to the eastern and the southern margins of the Hyblean Plateau, along the Late Quaternary Siculo–Calabrian Rift Zone. The off-shore prolongation of the two tectonic boundaries of the Hyblean Plateau has been recognised in the Sicily Channel, where they are both interrupted by a WNW-ESE oriented dextral fault. According to our reconstruction, the Hyblean Plateau represents an isolated lithospheric block, whose evolution can be related to the propagation of the western divergent margin of the Adria microplate, accompanied with the southward migration of the triple junction between Eurasia, Nubia and Adria. In this new large-scale kinematic picture, the GPS velocity measured in the Hyblean region, at the permanent site of NOTO, is actually representative of the local kinematics, rather than of the entire African promontory of southern Italy. This implies a correction of previous regional kinematic models based on combination of GPS vectors. In particular, our data constrain a new interpretation both for the kinematics along the E–W oriented Nubia–Eurasia margin, dominated by prevalent dextral deformation rather than reverse motions, and for the intraplate deformation in the Sicily Channel, within the Africa promontory, which would be dominated by a roughly N110° oriented extension. This conclusion has implication also on the mechanism and the origin of the Pantelleria–Linosa–Malta Rift that is here interpreted as a transtensive feature developed along a major transform fault, rather than the result of passive rifting induced by the Nubia–Eurasia collision, as it is currently interpreted.  相似文献   

基于光释光测年的中国黄土中氧同位素阶段2/1和3/2界限位置及年代的确定   总被引：9，自引：8，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

赖忠平 《第四纪研究》2008,28(5):883-891

文章简要总结了近几年来在确定黄土中氧同位素阶段2/1和3/2界线位置、年代以及与此相关的光释光测年方面的最新进展。在黄土与全球变化的研究中,更新世与全新世界线的位置及其年代的确定始终难于解决。常用的方法是用磁化率曲线来定性确定这一界线,而其年代则从别处引用。近几年来光释光测年的一些最新进展为黄土高分辨率的光释光年代序列提供了条件,基于高分辨率光释光测年的沉积速率模型较好地解决了这一难题。由于冰期时黄土沉积速率较高,而间冰期(或间冰阶)时沉积速率相对较低,沉积速率模型认为,沉积速率变化的拐点即是冰期和间冰期的界线。运用这一模型,测算得出甘肃省临夏盆地塬堡剖面氧同位素阶段2/1和3/2界线的年代分别为13.48±1.15ka和25.8±2.1ka。  相似文献   

河道单砂体“建筑结构控三维非均质模式”研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

马世忠  吕桂友  闫百泉  范广娟 《地学前缘》2008,15(1):57-64

单砂体平面、层内(小层韵律性)非均质性已不能满足高含水期、三次采油阶段的需求,其既不能揭示单砂体内部物性空间变化及分布,更忽略了单砂体内非渗透薄夹层(多<30cm)对储层非均质性的影响。文中提出按反映单砂体成因、形成微过程及内部结构的储层建筑结构(architecture)研究单砂体内部三维非均质性的思想,并结合曲流点坝单一侧积体沉积模式及其侧叠模式,建立了"渗透率向凸岸、向上减小的新月形楔状侧积体,逐一斜列侧叠,其间被非渗透侧积薄夹层隔开"的曲流河道砂体"建筑结构控三维非均质模式",揭示了以往忽视的、但对单砂体内部三维非均质性至关重要的不渗透薄夹层及其遮挡-阻流格架;也由此客观地揭示了单砂体内部物性基本单元(侧积砂体)及其三维分布规律,从而真正反映了单砂体内部三维非均质性的本质,并由此对单砂体内部渗流场、注入剂驱油和剩余油形成与分布产生重要影响,这将对高含水期、三次采油阶段及其以后的剩余油研究、预测具有重要意义。  相似文献   

Large‐scale structures on Gazelle Peninsula,New Britain: Implications for the evolution of the New Britain arc     

J. A. Madsen  I. D. Lindley 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(6):561-569

Geological mapping of fault systems on the Gazelle Peninsula, eastern New Britain arc, combined with a reinterpretation of existing sea floor data indicate that faults previously thought to be a possible location of the boundary between the North and South Bismarck Plates, do not appear to be directly related to the plate boundary spreading centres and transform faults in the 3.5 Ma Manus Basin. Structure on the Gazelle Peninsula is dominated by the Mediva Fault (new name) and the Wide Bay Fault System, both north‐northwest trending, deep‐seated features. The Mediva Fault, an element of the Baining Mountain Horst and Graben Zone, is an extensional structure which has focused Middle Miocene intrusive activity, controlled Mio‐Pliocene sedimentation in the central Gazelle Peninsula, and displaced Quaternary volcanic deposits. The Wide Bay Fault System has been active since at least the Late Oligocene. One hundred kilometres of sinistral strike‐slip motion is likely on this fault since at least the late Middle Miocene, moving the Gazelle Peninsula in a north‐northwest direction with respect to the remainder of New Britain. The nature and timing of movements along these two major structures indicate that some other major tectonic process has operated (and presently continues) in this region of the New Britain arc to create these structures.  相似文献   

循环荷载下半透水边界土层一维固结解析解   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李西斌  谢康和 《岩土力学》2005,26(1):155-159

研究了在循环荷载作用下具有双面半透水边界的饱和粘土层的一维固结问题。根据瞬时加载条件下的解答,采用积分方法得到了循环荷载条件下的解析解。根据解析解的结果,通过计算分析了边界条件和加载条件对土体固结过程的影响,可知：砂垫层和下卧层的渗透性减小会明显减缓固结过程;在循环荷载的一个周期内,孔压和固结度都会达到最大值和最小值各一次。  相似文献