用人工地震波研究三峡地区地面地震动衰减特征     

黄江  秦小军 《大地测量与地球动力学》1999,19(4):32-38

利用长江三峡工程坝区及外围深部构造的人工地震波记录资料,进行了相对速度幅值、速度反应谱和加速度反应谱衰减特征分析,同时利用历史地震资料经转换方法给出的地震动衰减规律进行对比,反映出由人工地震记录地震动参数衰减特征与由历史资料转换确定的地震动衰减特征是有差异的,在不同地质条件的局部地区,这一差异更为明显。这些结果可为缺乏强震记录的地区的地震动估计提供参考。  相似文献   

不同温压下岩石弹性波速度、衰减及各向异性与组构的关系   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

刘斌 《地学前缘》2000,7(1):247-257

结合岩石组构分析 ,阐述了岩石弹性波传播速度和衰减以及它们的各向异性与岩石组构之间的关系。在不同温压条件下对具有很强晶格优选方位的岩石样品的研究表明 ,随着围压的增加 ,波速和Q值均增大 ,但是在相互正交的 3个方向上 (垂直或平行于层理面及线理方向 )增大的速度并不相同 ,这与微裂隙的逐渐闭合密切相关。观测到的波速和Q值的各向异性具有不同的形成机理 ,波速各向异性主要与定向分布的微裂隙和主要矿物的晶格优选方位等构造因素有关 ;高围压下Q值各向异性与速度各向异性正好相反 ,可能是由于定向排列的矿物晶体沿不同方向其边界之间接触程度不同造成的。对岩石组构的研究不仅可以揭示岩体的变形机制、变形的动力学过程及其有关的热力学信息 ,还可以对宏观岩石的各种物理性质 ,尤其是力学特性 ,从微观机理上加以解释。文中特别强调了岩石组构分析对研究岩石物理性质的各向异性具有十分重要的意义。  相似文献   

Characteristics of coda wave attenuation in Yunnan area     

王伟君  刘杰陈凌 《地震学报(英文版)》2006,19(1):8-19

The characteristic of seismic coda wave attenuation in Yunnan area in 7 frequency-bands range from 1 Hz to 20 Hz was estimated by using the local earthquake's waveform data recorded from 22 Yunnan digital seismic stations.Coda attenuation Q-c1 of each station was firstly calculated by single scattering method. Then, mean free path Le and seismic albedo Bo of each station were calculated, and scattering attenuation Q-1s and intrinsic attenuation Q-1i were separated from total attenuation Q-1t by multiple lapse time window analysis based on the multiple scattering model in uniform random isotropic scattering medium. The attenuating characteristics in Yunnan show that most value of Le are in 10～30 km, with maximal within 2～6 Hz;Bo are about 0.5 at 1～2 Hz, but less than 0.5at other frequency-bands, which means Q-1i is comparable with Q-1s at 1～2 Hz, and after 1～2 Hz, Q-1i is greater than Q-1s and dominates the attenuation process. Q-1c is close to Q-1i at other frequency bands except 1～2 Hz.Results show that Q-1 especially Qs-1 varies spatially, Q-1 in eastern Yunnan zone is a bit higher than in northwestern Yunnan zone;northwestern Yunnan zone higher than southwestern Yunnan zone. Comparing with other results in global, Qs-1 in Yunnan is lower than the global average value among these results, Q-1i is higher than the global average value, and Q-1t lies the middle among these results.  相似文献   

Temporal-spatial variations of euphotic depth of typical lake regions in Lake Taihu and its ecological environmental significance   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

ZHANG Yunlin  QIN Boqiang  HU Weiping  WANG Sumin  CHEN Yuwei  CHEN Weimin 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(4):431-442

Euphotic depth can be defined as the portion of wa- ter column that supports the net primary productivity. Its lower end is the critical depth, namely, the depth measured when the daily net primary productivity is zero[1]. In the ecosystems of oceans, lakes and rivers, phytoplankton live in the euphotic depth and euphotic depth is usually taken as the lower boundary, when studying the primary productivity and biomass of phytoplankton; therefore the corresponding depth is sometimes called the t…  相似文献   

Seismic Moment Tensor Resolution on a Local Scale: Simulated Rockburst and Mine-induced Seismic Events in the Kopanang Gold Mine, South Africa   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Jan Šílený  Alexander Milev 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2006,163(8):1495-1513

Seismic records contain information about the effect of the source as well as the effect of wave propagation through the rock mass. The effect of wave propagation is usually not well known as only simplified models of geological structures are available. Therefore, the information about the source retrieved by inverting seismograms may include errors due to incomplete knowledge of the rock mass along the propagation path, which in turn cause a distortion in the calculated moment tensor (MT). The distortion of the MT on a local scale was observed by inverting records of a simulated rockburst conducted at the Kopanang gold mine in South Africa. A dominant isotropic component of the explosive characteristics was found from the inversion. The deviatoric components retrieved from the blast are spurious. A test of their stability indicated that they are not significant, assuming an uncertainty above 5% for velocities and 10% for attenuation within the homogeneous model available for the mine. Thus, the retrieval of the MT from records of local networks in mines using a homogeneous model of the rock mass seems to be feasible. However, the homogeneous model of the rock mass can only be applied to close stations, within a few kilometers of the source. The seismic records from distant stations were too complex to be modelled by a homogeneous rock mass. Records of six mine-induced seismic events recorded at the Kopanang gold mine were also inverted. A vertical linear dipole along the pressure (P) axis was found for three of the events, suggesting a pillar burst. The mechanism of two events contains an isotropic implosion together with a nearly vertical dip-slip, and seems to indicate a combination of a cavity collapse with a down dip-slip along a nearly vertical fault. One event corresponds to a dipole along the tensional (T) axis. However, it is vertical, thus its association with tensile faulting of the hangingwall is uncertain.  相似文献   

五里湖南岸生态示范工程对水下光场的改善效果研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张运林  陈开宁  秦伯强 《水科学进展》2007,18(1):86-94

2004年7月20日在五里湖南岸生态示范工程区共布设9个采样点进行水下光场的测定,并采集水样分析悬浮物、叶绿素a、DOC浓度和各组分吸收系数。结果表明,3类主要光衰减物质总悬浮物、叶绿素a和DOC的浓度分别为5.1~38.7 mg/L、25.5~86.4μg/L和7.43~8.74 mg/L;生态示范工程能明显降低水体悬浮物和叶绿素a浓度,Ⅱ类区总悬浮物、叶绿素a浓度相对Ⅰ类区分别降低了53.4%、33.0%,而Ⅲ类区总悬浮物、叶绿素a浓度相对Ⅰ类区分别降低了77.4%、65.0%。光合有效辐射(PAR)衰减系数在1.81~4.93 m-1间变化,对应的真光层深度为0.93~2.54 m,Ⅱ、Ⅲ类区相对Ⅰ类区PAR衰减系数分别降低了42.2%、52.8%,对应的真光层深度则分别增加了73%、112%。a_g(440)、a_d(440)、a_ph(440)的变化范围分别为0.79~1.31 m-1、0.41~2.22 m-1、0.73~2.12 m-1。纯水对总吸收的贡献均在15%以下,有色可溶性有机物(CDOM)吸收对总吸收的贡献率在18.16%~40.28%间变化,非藻类颗粒物对总吸收的贡献率在14.40%~37.88%间变化,浮游藻类对总吸收系数的贡献率基本上是各组分贡献率中最高的,在31.05%~45.28%间变化。对PAR衰减系数、真光层深度、透明度等表观光学参数与主要水色因子进行相关分析发现,水体中浮游藻类和有机颗粒物对生态示范区内的水体光学性质影响最大,而围隔外围浮游藻类、非藻类颗粒物对光的衰减相当。  相似文献   

内蕴大地边值问题     

黄金水  朱灼文 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1998,(3)

提出内蕴大地边值问题,使得有可能利用重力场边界观测研究地球重力场的内蕴结构。文中构造了椭球问题的迭代逼近求解程式,并给出了具体解式。  相似文献   

STUDIES OF THE VERTICAL STRUCTURE MODEL AND THE MICROWAVE ATTENUATION OF CLOUDS AND PRECIPITATION OVER TROPICAL OCEAN AREA^*          下载免费PDF全文

Zhang Ling  Dou Xiankang  Liu Jinli 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1998,12(4):400-409

Using radiosonde data and other related observations in the TOGA-COARE IOP(from November 1,1992 to February 28,1993),the microwave attenuation of non-precipitating clouds is investigated based on microwave radiative transfer model(MRTM) at the specific frequencies of 6.8,10.65,13.9,19.35,22.235,37.0,85.5 and 90.0 GHz.Besides,utilizing the data of the airborne radar and radiometer at 13.8 GHz in the IOP(Intensive Observation Period),vertical structure models for different types of precipitating clouds are obtained,and also the microwave attenuation of precipitating cloud is studied.Some statistical characteristics of 13.8 GHz microwave path integrated attenuation for stratiform and convective precipitating clouds are presented.The results given here are valuable for the spaceborne microwave remote sensing of precipitation,and the cloud and precipitation attenuation corrections in the spaceborne microwave remote sensing of earth surface over tropical ocean area.  相似文献   

Temporal variation of body-wave attenuation using earthquake doublets   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. J. Frémont  G. Poupinet 《Geophysical Journal International》1987,90(3):503-520

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Coda-Q Distribution In the Iberian Peninsula     

L. G. Pujades  J. A. Canas  J. J. Egozcue  M. A. Puigví  J. Gallart  X. Lana  J. Pous  A. Casas 《Geophysical Journal International》1990,100(2):285-301

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