Assortment of Deep Mantle Fluids and Their Products in Kimberlites from China     

ZHAO Lei  HAO Jinhu  DING Yifei  LIU Yulong China University of Geosciences 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(1):118-120

Based on studies of petrography, mineralogy and mineral chemistry, deep mantle fluids and their products in kimberlites and diamonds can be assorted into the ultradeep fluid-transmitted minerals with an oxygen-free feature, the deep fluid metasomatized-minerals characterized by enrichment in TiO2, K2O, BaO, REE and Fe3+, and the deep fluid-reformed minerals. The three types show a successive descent in fluid origin depth and metasomatism strength, and they have brought forth a series of corresponding metasomatic products.  相似文献   

Geological characteristics and prospecting predictions of No.50 kimberlite pipe in Wafangdian diamond deposit of Liaoning Province     

LIU Liguang  WU Datian 《中国地质调查》2014,7(5):33-41

Taking No.50 kimberlite pipe of Wafangdian diamond deposit in Liaoning Province as an example, the authors systematically analyzed its geological characteristics. Based on the petrogeochemical analysis of porphyry phlogopite kimberlite, breccia porphyry kimberlite with surrounding rocks and kimberlite tuff breccia, it is found that there are less ultrabasic components in carbonated kimberlite tuff breccia and more ultrabasic components in kimberlite tuff breccia mixed with steatitization, serpentinization and carbonation. The content of Cr, Ni and Ti is relatively lower in kimberlite tuff breccia, slightly higher in breccia porphyrg phlogopite kimberlite with surrounding rocks and the highest in porphyry phlogopite kimberlite and porphyry kimberlite. This deposit is mainly composed of breccia porphyry kimberlite with surrounding rocks and porphyry phlogopite kimberlite, followed by kimberlite tuff breccia, breccia porphyry phlogopite kimberlite with surrounding rocks and kimberlite breccia. Chromite bearing pyrope, chromite and moissanite are associated minerals of the diamond deposit. The kimberlite ore-bearing grade is high in the western part and low in the eastern part in the horizontal direction, while the kimberlite ore-bearing grade changes little in the vertical direction. Through the three-dimensional modeling, it is inferred that instead of the root phase, No.50 kimberlite pipe is the fault dislocation caused by the EW nappe structural force with the No.50-1 kimberlite body at the depth of 600 m in the eastern pipe.  相似文献   

山东金刚石原生矿找矿前景探讨     

刘继太 《山东国土资源》2002,(Z1)

金刚石形成于地幔深处 ,含金刚石的岩石只是一种运载和保存“工具” ,凡是来自上地幔的岩石均有可能携带早已形成的金刚石而形成金刚石原生矿床。世界上已知金刚石原生矿除金伯利岩、钾镁煌斑岩型外 ,尚在橄榄岩、橄榄玄武岩、千枚岩、科马提岩、榴辉岩等岩石中发现了金刚石 ,可能存在金刚石原生矿新的岩石类型。山东位于华北地台的南东部 ,鲁西、鲁东基底属A型克拉通 ,幔源岩浆活动强烈 ,具备良好的金刚石原生矿成矿地质条件 ,已获得的大量的成矿信息和找矿线索表明 ,除已发现的蒙阴金伯利岩型金刚石原生矿外 ,应该存在着尚未发现的金刚石原生矿 ,找矿前景广阔 ,应进一步加强金刚石原生矿勘查工作。  相似文献   

Mesozoic lithospheric mantle of the northeastern Siberian craton (evidence from inclusions in kimberlite)     

N.S. Tychkov  D.S. Yudin  E.I. Nikolenko  E.V. Malygina  N.V. Sobolev 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(10):1254-1270

Several thousand clinopyroxene, garnet, and phlogopite inclusions of mantle rocks from Jurassic and Triassic kimberlites in the northeastern Siberian craton have been analyzed and compared with their counterparts from Paleozoic kimberlites, including those rich in diamond. The new and published mineral chemistry data make a basis for an updated classification of kimberlite-hosted clinopyroxenes according to peridotitic and mafic (eclogite and pyroxenite) parageneses. The obtained results place constraints on the stability field of high-Na lherzolitic clinopyroxenes, which affect the coexisting garnet and decrease its Ca contents. As follows from analyses of the mantle minerals from Mesozoic kimberlites, the cratonic lithosphere contained more pyroxenite and eclogite in the Mesozoic than in the Paleozoic. It virtually lacked ultradepleted harzburgite-dunite lithologies and contained scarce eclogitic diamonds. On the other hand, both inclusions in diamond and individual eclogitic minerals from Mesozoic kimberlites differ from eclogitic inclusions in diamond from Triassic sediments in the northeastern Siberian craton. Xenocrystic phlogopites from the D’yanga pipe have ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages of 384.6, 432.4, and 563.4 Ma, which record several stages of metasomatic impact on the lithosphere. These phlogopites are younger than most of Paleozoic phlogopites from the central part of the craton (Udachnaya kimberlite). Therefore, hydrous mantle metasomatism acted much later on the craton periphery than in the center. Monomineral clinopyroxene thermobarometry shows that Jurassic kimberlites from the northeastern craton part trapped lithospheric material from different maximum depths (170 km in the D’yanga pipe and mostly < 130 km in other pipes). The inferred thermal thickness of cratonic lithosphere decreased progressively from ~ 260 km in the Devonian-Carboniferous to ~ 225 km in the Triassic and to ~ 200 km in the Jurassic, while the heat flux (Hasterok-Chapman model) was 34.9, 36.7, and 39.0 mW/m², respectively. Dissimilar PT patterns of samples from closely spaced coeval kimberlites suggest different emplacement scenarios, which influenced both the PT variations across the lithosphere and the diamond potential of kimberlites.  相似文献   

Are Majhgawan-Hinota pipe rocks truly group-I Kimberlite?     

Ravi Shanker  S. Nag  A. Ganguly  A. Absar  B. P. Rawat  G. S. Singh 《Journal of Earth System Science》2001,110(1):63-76

The diamond bearing pipe rocks in Majhgawan-Hinota (more than four pipes) occur as intrusives in sandstones of Kaimur Group. These Proterozoic (974 ±30-1170 ±20 Ma) intrusive rocks, occupying the southeastern margin of Aravalli craton, were called as ‘micaceous kimberlite’ in tune with the reported kimberlite occurrences from other parts of the world. Judging from the definition of kimberlite, as approved by the IUGS Subcommission on Systematics of Igneous Rocks, it is not justified to call these rocks as ‘micaceous kimberlite’. Rather the mineralogical assemblages such as absence of typomorphic mineral monticellite (primary), abundance of phlogopite cognate, frequent presence of barite and primary carbonate mostly as calcite coupled with ultrapotassic and volatile-rich (dominantly H₂O) nature and high concentration of incompatible elements (such as Ba, Zr, Th, U), low Th/U ratios, low REE and no Eu-anomaly clearly indicate a close similarity with that of South African orangeites. Thus orangeites of Proterozoic age occur outside the Kaapvaal craton of South Africa which are much younger (200 Ma to 110 Ma) in age.  相似文献   

Garnets of crustal parageneses in alluvial deposits of the eastern Siberian Platform: genesis and search significance     

E.I. Nikolenko  V.P. Afanas&#x;ev  N.P. Pokhilenko 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2008,49(9):655-666

We present results of study of the specific composition and parageneses of pyrope-almandine garnets from alluvial deposits of the Muna-Markha interfluve drainage in the Yakutian diamondiferous province. The data are correlated with the specific features of garnets (tentatively crustal) from Yakutian and Guinean kimberlites and their crustal xenoliths and from metamorphic rocks of the Anabar Shield. The conclusion is drawn that most of orange pyrope-almandine garnets from the alluvial deposits were generated from kimberlites with varying contents of disintegrated crustal material. This gives grounds to include the studied garnets into a complex of indicator minerals of kimberlites and use them in search for diamonds in the Yakutian diamondiferous province.  相似文献   

蒙阴金伯利岩地面TM波谱研究及其在金刚石找矿预测中的应用     

王海平  张宗贵 《岩石矿物学杂志》1998,17(3):206-215

基于地物波谱与ＴＭ图像亮度的线性相关关系,文章对蒙阴金伯利岩地面ＴＭ波谱特征进行了分析,建立了典型金伯利岩地面波谱模式和地空相关模型。经金伯利岩地面ＴＭ波谱地空反演后形成的彩色相关图像识别及图像异常的野外查证表明,金伯利岩地面波谱与ＴＭ图像数据的相关分析方法在金刚石找矿预测及靶区定位中有较理想的应用效果。  相似文献   

Types, abundances and distribution of kimberlite indicator minerals in alluvial sediments, Wawa–Kinniwabi Lake area, Northeastern Ontario: implications for the presence of diamond-bearing kimberlite     

T. F. Morris  D. Crabtree  R. P. Sage  S. A. Averill 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1998,63(3):217-235

In response to the discovery of diamonds within modern alluvium in the glaciated area of Wawa, Ontario, Canada, the Ontario Geological Survey undertook a regional program of surficial mapping and modern alluvial sediment sampling to assess the potential of the area for diamond-bearing kimberlite. Five varieties of kimberlite-derived indicator minerals were recovered and the composition of three varieties was evaluated, resulting in the identification of G10 Cr-pyrope garnet, inclusion field chromite and Mg-ilmenite. The distribution of indicator minerals was examined in the context of the glacial and bedrock geology. Glacial dispersal from non-kimberlitic marker units is restricted (commonly less than 200 m) and many kimberlite indicator minerals were recovered from samples collected close to cross-cutting NE–SW and NW–SE faults and a strong NE–SW trend in the bedrock associated with the Kapuskasing Structural Zone. From this, several potential exploration targets for diamond-bearing kimberlite are defined.  相似文献   

山东金伯利岩中蒙山矿的研究     

刘俊所  吴雅先 《矿物学报》1990,10(3):221-226

本文报道了我国山东蒙阴金伯利岩中蒙山矿的一些研究成果。作者在该区采集的蒙山矿与锶钛铁矿-镧铀钛铁矿族(Crichtonite-davite group)矿物等结构和成分介于钡蒙山矿(lindsleyite)与蒙山矿(mathiasite)之间,其BaO含量为2.13—2.89wt％,K_2O含量为0.75—1.27wt％,K/Ba原子比为0.898—1.938;特别富Cr_2O_3、ZrO_2和LREE_2O_3。本文还阐述了山东蒙山矿的类质同象和晶体结构特点,讨论其对地幔交代作用研究的启示。  相似文献   

山东和辽宁金伯利岩的稀土元素地球化学特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

周秀仲  杨建民  黄蕴慧  秦淑英 《岩石矿物学杂志》1990,9(4):300-308

山东和辽宁金伯利岩的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化曲线均向右倾斜,(La/Yb)N比值为22.7—357.9,LREE/HREE比值12.4—61.3,为轻稀土富集型。含金刚石较富的金伯利岩∑REE变化范围较小,多集中在300—600ppm之间;贫(无)矿金伯利岩∑REE变化范围较大,大多数为低于300ppm或高于600ppm。所以金伯利岩∑REE在寻找金刚石中可以作为重要的参考数据。金伯利岩深源捕虏体的REE含量低,如山东金伯利岩捕虏体∑REE237.6ppm,河北和辽宁的榴辉岩分别为55.2ppm和73.3ppm,山东的纯橄岩捕虏体∑REE最低,仅10.6ppm。  相似文献