济阳坳陷孤南洼陷低熟油成藏特征   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

陈建渝  田波等 《地球科学》2002,27(4):435-440

孤南洼陷具有丰富的低熟油资源，低熟油中的生物标志物以高伽玛蜡烷含量，植烷优势，低成熟度为特征。下第三系沙一段是低熟油的源岩，其岩性为富含藻类有机质的油页岩，油泥岩，低熟油在平面上环生烃洼陷分布，剖面上层位集中在沙二－沙一段，断层控制了低熟油的运移距离和聚集层位，低熟油的成藏模式有3种，即自源侧向运移聚集成藏，自源断层垂向运聚成茂混合运取成藏模式。孤南洼陷低熟油盆地内部以侧向运移，侧向充注入岩性－断块圈闭为主，形成单源油藏。在断藏带原油是以垂向运移及垂向充注断块圈闭为主，形成混源油藏。  相似文献   

中超长钻孔灌注桩的沉降计算   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

管雯  史海兵  李志成 《探矿工程》2002,(2):11-13

针对现有的桩基沉降计算理论不仅难以完整地描述桩－土系统的复杂程度，在应用上也难以满足各方面的要求，根据中超长钻孔灌注桩的实际情况，采取一些合理的简化措施后，提出了一种实用的桩基沉降计算方法，实例分析表明，该方法可较好地预测桩的沉降量。  相似文献   

Where the buffalo roam: Boundaries and the politics of scale in the yellowstone region     

Jean Lavigne 《GeoJournal》2002,58(4):285-292

For more than twenty years, the state of Montana has pursued a controversial policy of lethal control to manage winter migrations of bison from Yellowstone National Park. In the late 1990s, as the state and a number of federal agencies attempted to cooperatively outline a more palatable scenario for bison management, local environmental groups became active participants in the debate. This paper examines the strategies pursued by these organizations in the course of their attempt to construct a new, ecosystem-level territorial space and jurisdictional scale for bison, and places their struggle within the context of existing work in geography on the politics of scale. Ultimately, the failure of their efforts illustrates some of the important constraints faced by social groups that attempt to create new territorial regimes and new scales of resistance in the interstices of existing political structures.  相似文献   

GEOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF MAJOR ELEMENTS DURING FLUID-ROCKS INTERACTION IN MARINWOBO FAULT IN THE SOUTH MARGIN AREAS OF ALTAI MOUNTAINS     

ZHAO Zhi-zhong ZENG Qiao-song BI Hua 《大地构造与成矿学(英文版)》2002,(2):68-75

There are four types of metamorphic rocks in the Marinwobo fault, i. e, cataclasite, mylonite,mictosite and migmatitic granite, and the formation of these rocks is due to the progressive metamorphism of the pyroclastics. The fluids play a very important role in the metamorphic process of these rocks in the Marinwobo fault, the most important feature is that the fluids not only result in the migration of the major elements of the deformation rocks, but also result in the volume loss of the deformation rocks in the deformation process. Thus the migration laws of the major elements in different stages of the progressive metamorphic process are discussed according to mass balance equations. Finally, the quantitative analysis of the mass loss and volume loss of the different rocks the in Marinwobo fault is discussed in this paper.  相似文献   

EXPERIMENTAL AND FIELD STUDY ON MINING-PIT MIGRATION   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

S.Ali Akbar Salehi NEYSHABOURI  Ali FARHADZADEH  Ata AMINI 《国际泥沙研究》2002,17(4)

1 INTRODUCTION Because of the large quantity of sand and gravel in their beds, rivers have always been considered as a major source of sand and gravel for civil works. Acceptable quality, ease of extraction and economy are some of the reasons could be mentioned. Unfortunately, specific laws and regulations regarding the safe in-stream mining have not been provided for users and officials. What should be taken into account are the effects of over-mining of sand and gravel, which can cause …  相似文献   

基于波动方程的广义屏叠前深度偏移   总被引：15，自引：7，他引：15       下载免费PDF全文

金胜汶  许士勇  吴如山 《地球物理学报》2002,45(5):684-690

地震波传播算子的计算效率和精度是制约三维叠前深度偏移的关键因素. 广义屏传播算子(GSP, Generalized Screen Propagator)是一种在双域中实现的广角单程波传播算子. 这一方法略去了在非均匀体之间发生的交混回响,但它可以正确处理包括聚焦、衍射、折射和干涉在内的各种多次前向散射现象. 通过背景速度下的相移和扰动速度下的陡倾角校正,广义屏算子能够适应地层速度的强烈横向变化. 这种算子可以直接应用于炮集叠前偏移,通过将广义屏算子作用于双平方根方程,还可以获得一种高效率、高精度的炮检距域叠前深度偏移方法,用于二维共炮检距道集和三维共方位角道集的深度域成像. 本文首先简述了炮检距域广义屏传播算子的理论,进而讨论了共照射角成像(CAI, Common Angle Imaging)条件,由此给出各个不同照射角(炮检距射线参数)下的成像结果,进而得到共照射角像集. 由于照射角和炮检距的对应关系,共照射角像集又为偏移速度分析和AVO(振幅随炮检距变化)分析等提供了有力工具.  相似文献   

雄关漫道真如铁——论中国油气二次创业   总被引：17，自引：19，他引：17  

刘光鼎 《地球物理学进展》2002,17(2):185-190

半个多世纪以来，中国经历了油气资源的第一次创业，在祖国大陆和近海大陆架地区的新生代陆相碎屑岩沉积盆地中，发现了一批油气田，使原油年产量达1．67亿吨，位居世界第五，天然气疸这241亿立方米，居世界第十五位，成绩是巨大的，但是，1993年开始进口原油3000万吨，2000年进口原油7200万吨，严重影响国家经济建设，而且这种趋势还在不断发展，预测2010年将进口原油1亿吨，天然气200亿立方米，那么，中国油气资源的出路何在？作者指出，从中国大地构造演化来看，前新生代海相残留盆地还有巨大的油气潜力，尽管其勘探的难度是世界级的，但是，只要我们切实地依靠科学技术，进行油气资源的二次创业，困难上，在实践中克服困难，就可以发现更多的石油天然气，支持国家经济建设的持续发展。  相似文献   

Investigating Landslides Caused by Earthquakes – A Historical Review     

David K. Keefer 《Surveys in Geophysics》2002,23(6):473-510

Post-earthquake field investigations of landslide occurrence have provided a basis for understanding, evaluating, and mapping the hazard and risk associated withearthquake-induced landslides. This paper traces thehistorical development of knowledge derived from these investigations. Before 1783, historical accounts of the occurrence of landslides in earthquakes are typically so incomplete and vague that conclusions based on these accounts are of limited usefulness. For example, the number of landslides triggered by a given event is almost always greatly underestimated. The first formal, scientific post-earthquake investigation that included systematic documentation of the landslides was undertaken in the Calabria region of Italy after the 1783 earthquake swarm. From then until the mid-twentieth century, the best information on earthquake-induced landslides came from a succession ofpost-earthquake investigations largely carried out by formal commissions that undertook extensive ground-based field studies. Beginning in the mid-twentieth century, when the use of aerial photography became widespread, comprehensive inventories of landslide occurrence have been made for several earthquakes in the United States, Peru, Guatemala, Italy, El Salvador, Japan, and Taiwan. Techniques have also been developed for performing ``retrospective' analyses years or decades after an earthquake that attempt to reconstruct the distribution of landslides triggered by the event. The additional use of Geographic Information System (GIS) processing and digital mapping since about 1989 has greatly facilitated the level of analysis that can applied to mapped distributions of landslides. Beginning in 1984, syntheses of worldwide and national data on earthquake-induced landslides have defined their general characteristics and relations between their occurrence and various geologic and seismic parameters. However, the number of comprehensive post-earthquake studies of landslides is still relatively small, and one of the most pressing needs in this area of research is for the complete documentation of landslides triggered by many more earthquakes in a wider variety of environments.  相似文献   

Geographies of Displacement: The Karenni and The Shan Across The Myanmar-Thailand Border   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Carl Grundy-Warr  & Elaine Wong Siew Yin 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2002,23(1):93-122

First, central to our analysis is the argument that human movement within and across borders fundamentally challenges the view of geopolitics based upon fixed territorial states, inter-state relations, national identities and citizenship; indeed the whole idea of "national geographic". Using the examples of the Karen and Shan peoples, we explore the processes and patterns of forced relocation, displacement and migration in the border regions of Myanmar and Thailand. Our main concern is with forced displacement as a result of political and ethnic conflict; specifically, how the Burmese military regime's desire for "national unity" within Myanmar's "national space" has influenced the militarily inspired displacements of hundreds of thousands of villagers and civilians within the border zones inhabited mostly by so-called "national minorities". We examine the particular problems of the so-called "internally displaced persons" within "national" boundaries compared with the "refugees" and "undocumented migrants" who make it across "international" space into Thailand. We illustrate the ways displaced people are represented by state agencies and the media as "threats" and "transgressors". We consider some of the "long term" aspects of the displacement problem along the Myanmar-Thai border and the vital contribution geographers can make to the study of displacement.  相似文献   

Bent-ray traveltime tomography and migration without ray tracing     

P. E. Ecoublet  S. C. Singh  C. H. Chapman  G. M. Jackson 《Geophysical Journal International》2002,149(3):633-645

  相似文献