Numerical study of three-dimensional wave-induced longshore current's effects on sediment spreading of the Huanghe River mouth     

LIANG Bingchen  ZHAO Hongping  LI Huajun  WU Guoxiang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(2):129-138

A three-dimensional wave radiation stress is introduced into the hydrodynamic sediment coupled model COHERENS-SED, which has been developed through introducing wave-enhanced bottom shear stress, wave dependent surface drag coefficient, wave-induced surface mixing, SWAN, damping function of sediment on turbulence, sediment model and depth-dependent wave radiation stress to COHERENS. The COHERENS-SED is adopted to study the effects induced by wave-induced three-dimensional longshore current on suspended sediment spreading of the Huanghe River (Yellow River) mouth. Several different cases divided by setting different wave parameters of inputting boundary waves are carried out. The modeling results agree with measurement data. In terms of simulation results, it is easy to know that three-dimensional wave radiation stress plays an obvious role when inputting boundary wave height is stronger than 3 m. Moreover, wave direction also affects the sediment spreading rules of the mouth strongly too.  相似文献   

近百年来长江河口航道拦门沙的形态演变(英文)     

和玉芳  程和琴  陈吉余 《地理学报(英文版)》2013,23(2):219-230

The mouth bar in the Yangtze estuarine waterways has a significant influence on navigational transport within the estuary,flood discharge and construction of the Shanghai Port.In this paper the morphological evolution and mechanisms of mouth bar formation of the Yangtze estuarine waterways are studied by analyzing hundreds of years of historical data and the latest profile maps of some or the main mouth bar channels in the Yangtze Estuary.The results are shown as follows:The mouth bars in the North Branch have moved gradually from outside the mouth to the inside and formed a huge sand bar.In the North Channel,the head of the mouth bar has migrated about 30 kilometers downstream,and a channel bar has been developing since 2001.Two mouth bar tops,which always existed in the North Passage,disappeared in 2010.The head of the mouth bar in the South Passage has migrated downstream about 14 km and the number of tops increased at first but is reduced to only one now.According to the results,we can conclude that the evolution of the mouth bars differs depending on their location.In the North Branch it is directly related to large-scale reclamation in Chongming Island,but in the North Passage it has a close relationship with regulation of the Yangtze Estuary Deepwater Channel.However,the evolution of mouth bars in the North Channel and South Passage is not only connected with the Yangtze Estuary Deepwater Channel Regulation Project,but also with the reclamation in the East Hengsha Shoal and the closure of the Qingcaosha Reservoir.  相似文献   

Using otolith weight to predict the age of Pennahia macrocephalus in the mouth of the Beibu Gulf   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

YAN Yunrong  WU Yanfang  LU Huosheng  LI Zhonglu  JIN Xianshi 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(2)

The relation between otolith weight (OW) and the age of marine fish is studied. A total of 222 individuals of bighead white croaker, Pennahia macrocephalus were sampled seasonally in the mouth of the Beibu Gulf, the South China Sea, in 2007. Since there are no significant differences in sagittal OW between otolith in pairs (P≧>0.05), the undamaged left sagittal otolith is used for age determination. The highest correlations among standard length, OW and fish ages are confirmned by linear, exponential and multinomial regression. Results show that sagittal OW overlaps only occasionally among age groups, and to individuals with similar standard length, the older and slower-growing fish has a heavier otolith because of the continued otolith material deposition. There are differences in sagittal OW among different age groups and significant positive linear relationship with age (P<0.05). The age readings can be verified by plotting the sagittal OW versus the standard length for age groups, and the individuals with similar standard length but in different ages can be separated by sagittal OW frequency analysis. Mostly, the predicted ages using the regression between sagittai OW and ages are closed to the observed ages by counting annulus on scale. It indicates that the sagittal OW analysis is a useful technique for validating the accuracy of age determination by annuli counts, especially for individuals of similar size. Furthermore,the technique is applied for Pennahia macrocephalus with discussion in this paper.  相似文献   

长江口南北槽分流口动力地貌过程研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谢华亮  ;戴志军  ;李为华  ;林益帆  ;李九发 《台湾海峡》2014,(2):151-159

分汊口的地貌演化格局对于三角洲建造和下游河槽的稳定具有重要作用.作为长江河口的第三级分汊口（南、北槽分流口）,形成历史较短,但又经历了长江口最大的水利工程（北槽深水航道工程）的影响,故该分流口的变化是近年来长江河口研究的核心内容之一.本文基于近50 a的地形、流域入海水沙和南北槽落潮分水分沙比等数据,探讨了南北槽分流口的动力地貌变化过程.结果表明：（1）在1998年前,长江口南北槽分流口经历了由不稳定—相对稳定—动态平衡的阶段,其中分流口沙洲洲头出现下挫—上提—下挫、主泓线则经历分流口南侧—北侧—南侧的周期变化,河槽断面由U型发展为W型.（2）长江大洪水是导致分流口地貌格局出现变化的动力因素.在洪水发生的间歇期,分流口地貌则处于由不稳定向相对稳定发展的调整阶段.（3）1998年修建沙洲洲头潜堤工程后,沙洲洲头出现上提—下挫—上提的微弱变化,但总体上沙洲头向北偏移,这导致进入北槽的分水分沙比有所减小.（4）自2002年以来,沙洲洲头因分流口的淤积而缓慢上提,潜堤北侧北槽上段淤积加重,潜堤南侧尤其紧贴潜堤部位侵蚀加剧,南槽分水分沙增大,分流口落潮冲刷槽进一步向南槽发展.  相似文献   

Dispersal pattern of suspended sediment in the shear frontal zone off the Huanghe (Yellow River) mouth   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Houjie Wang  Zuosheng Yang  Yunhai Li  Zhigang Guo  Xiaoxia Sun  Yan Wang 《Continental Shelf Research》2007

The in situ records of a cruise in September 1995 off the Huanghe mouth and laboratory measurements indicate that the shear front off the river mouth results from the phase difference between the nearshore and offshore tides and plays significant role in the river-laden sediment dispersal. Two types of shear front, identified from the behaviors of currents inside and outside the shear front, alternate over tidal cycle, each of which lasts for ∼2–3 h. The dispersal patterns of suspended sediment at the stations inside and outside the shear front are distinctly different from each other. In addition, the gravity-driven hyperpycnal flow generated near the mouth is terminated within shallow water due to the barrier effect of shear front. A dispersal pattern of river-laden suspended sediment in the shear frontal zone is proposed to interpret the difference of sediment transport inside and outside the shear front. The fresh and highly turbid river effluents discharge to the sea during ebb tides and are transported northwestwards inside the shear front under the combined impacts of northward ebb currents, down-slope transport of hyperpycnal flow and confining action of shear front; after partially mixing with the ambient seawater the river effluents are then transported southeastwards outside the shear front along the flood currents, causing the intermittent increase in suspended sediment concentration and corresponding decrease in salinity outside the shear front. Over annual time scale the subaqueous slope has a geomorphological response to the ephemeral shear front. Most of the river-laden sediment deposit inside the shear front with a high accumulation rate, while erosion is dominant outside the shear front due to the lack of sediment supply.  相似文献   

Situating local experience of risk: Peripherality, marginality and place identity in the UK foot and mouth disease crisis     

Karen Bickerstaff  Peter Simmons  Nick Pidgeon 《Geoforum》2006,37(5):844-858

Research into exposure to, and experience of, environmental risk that has an explicitly spatial focus can be broadly differentiated into two strands. The first strand focuses on the responses of communities of exposure (or the threat of exposure) to some form of environmental hazard and to the policies put in place by institutional actors to manage the hazard. The second strand addresses social inequalities in exposure to environmental hazards and seeks to correlate uneven spatial distributions of risk across different social groups. It is argued that both strands are limited by their respective understandings of space - and that the way in which vulnerable communities experience environmental risk and its management will be shaped significantly by the complex interactions of different spatialisations or constructions of space. We explore this process by examining accounts of local experience of the UK’s 2001 foot and mouth disease crisis and its management in terms of the interplay of two different spatialisations: socio-cultural marginality and political-economic peripherality. We trace the relationship between these cultural and political-economic spatialisations through an analysis of the discursive mobilisation of contrasting place rhetorics. We conclude that focusing on these rhetorics can enhance our understanding of the spatial processes which are constitutive of place identity and in turn mediate the experience of environmental risk and its management.  相似文献   

河流侵蚀淤积环境地质问题研究--以福建九龙江晋江为例     

林军 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2005,16(2):32-37

河流或流水的侵蚀淤积是改造地质环境的最重要因素之一。利用遥感技术和时空对比分析等监测手段来揭示地质环境的这种快速变化，以及对人类生存环境所产生的深远影响是未来环境地质研究的热点和难点问题。近年来随着城市堤防和护岸工程的逐步完善，河流侵蚀淤积作用强度，在一定程度上得到了缓解。但河流的侵蚀淤积地质作用仍占主导地位，由其引发的环境地质问题仍需进一步深入研究。地质构造作用，控制河流的走向和流势；河流水文特征，决定河流地质作用的主要时期；河谷地貌形态，可以改变河流的侵蚀、淤积作用性质；岸坡岩土性质。影响河流沿岸边坡的稳定性；人类工程活动，改变了河流的自然形态和水文泥沙过程，导致新的河床冲淤变化。河流侵蚀淤积环境地质问题主要表现在：(1)河岸侵蚀岸线后移，危及岸边居民建(构)筑物，以及交通、能源、农田、水利等公共设施的安全；(2)河床淤积河道变浅，排洪、泻洪能力下降，影响航运并造成洪水泛滥；(3)河口淤积造成港湾功能的严重退化，影响港口城市的可持续发展。  相似文献   

吐哈盆地WM油田辫状河三角洲前缘砂体分析   总被引：22，自引：2，他引：20  

周丽清  吴胜和  熊琦华  马晓芬  郭燕华  林双运 《沉积学报》2000,18(2):248-252

湖盆可容空间较小时,辫状河三角洲相对发育,水下分支河道横向迁移频繁,易形成席状分布的砂体 (水下分支河道复合体 )。可容空间增大时,辫状河三角洲相对不发育,水下分支河道延伸不远,河道砂体较孤立,河口坝相对比较发育。文中根据水流和波浪强弱提出九种水下分支河道与河口坝的关系图,基本上总结了吐哈盆地WM油田三间房组河口坝的形态;并对水下分支河道复合体的形成机制提出了独特的推理。  相似文献   

小清河河口航道治理方案研究     

马杰 《海岸工程》2014,(2):45-51

小清河河口航道治理是当地港口发展的必要条件。通过分析小清河河口治理的理论与实践研究成果,研究了小清河河口航道治理的措施和主要方案。研究表明,小清河河口航道治理必须采用整治与疏浚相结合的办法;整治防沙堤宜采用双导堤;航道轴线采用北槽与南槽方案技术差别不大,应结合环保、海域使用等非航运条件综合确定轴线方案。  相似文献   

Surface currents and winds at the Delaware Bay mouth   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P.A. Muscarella  N.P. BartonB.L. Lipphardt Jr.  D.E. VeronK.C. Wong  A.D. Kirwan Jr. 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(12):1282-1293

Knowledge of the circulation of estuaries and adjacent shelf waters has relied on hydrographic measurements, moorings, and local wind observations usually removed from the region of interest. Although these observations are certainly sufficient to identify major characteristics, they lack both spatial resolution and temporal coverage. High-resolution synoptic observations are required to identify important coastal processes at smaller scales. Long observation periods are needed to properly sample low-frequency processes that may also be important. The introduction of high-frequency (HF) radar measurements and regional wind models for coastal studies is changing this situation. Here we analyze synoptic, high-resolution surface winds and currents in the Delaware Bay mouth over an 8-month period (October 2007 through May 2008). The surface currents were measured by two HF radars while the surface winds were extracted from a data-assimilating regional wind model. To illustrate the utility of these monitoring tools we focus on two 45-day periods which previously were shown to present contrasting pictures of the circulation. One, the low-outflow period is from 1 October through 14 November 2007; the other is the high-outflow period from 3 March through 16 April 2008. The large-scale characteristics noted by previous workers are clearly corroborated. Specifically the M2 tide dominates the surface currents, and the Delaware Bay outflow plume is clearly evident in the low frequency currents. Several new aspects of the surface circulation were also identified. These include a map of the spatial variability of the M2 tide (validating an earlier model study), persistent low-frequency cross-mouth flow, and a rapid response of the surface currents to a changing wind field. However, strong wind episodes did not persist long enough to set up a sustained Ekman response.  相似文献