淮河洪峰与致洪暴雨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李国杰  张业雯  徐东明  马红  周晓林 《大气科学》1997,21(1):111-117

本文从气象与水文角度， 首先研究淮河关键地段（王家坝）水位变化规律和洪峰出现的特征， 并从数理统计理论上对超定量出现次数和洪峰数值进行了随机变量的独立性检验， 然后求出淮河洪峰遵从的概率分布， 并定性和定量地给出超定量大小与超定量历时关系。最后， 结合多年气象资料分析， 指出洪峰出现与淮河致洪暴雨有密切关系。  相似文献   

运用X射线衍射和多重峰分离程序解析高岭石的结构缺陷   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

姚林波  高振敏 《矿物学报》1996,16(2):132-140

本文尝试运用Ｘ射线衍射与多重峰分离方法研究高岭石的结构缺陷，重新评价了Ｈｉｎｃｋｌｅｙ（１９６３）结晶指数（ＨＩ），运用０２，１１区域对（１１１）和（１１１）峰的分峰结果，定义了新的结晶度指数：ＣＩ＝（Ｉ１１１＋Ｉ１１１）／Ｉ１１０，它完全以衍射峰的强度进行计算，较灵敏地反映出高岭石真实的结构信息，探讨了高岭石结晶度与高峰石对称性，有序度以及与高岭石Ｐｂ／３滑移缺陷的关系，结果证明高岭石结晶度越高  相似文献   

Estimation of in situ viscoelastic parameters of weak floor strata by plate-loading tests     

Gang Chen  Yoginder P. Chugh 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1996,14(2):151-167

Summary This paper explores an approach to estimation of the viscoelastic parameters of weak floor strata using plate-loading tests. Mathematical equations are derived to describe deformation-time history for the standard Burgers model under three-dimensional stress-strain conditions, which are verified with a finite element model. A number of time-dependent in-mine plate-loading tests were conducted and the values of the viscoelastic parameters were estimated based on the derived equation. It is shown that large discrepancies between the parameter values estimated from the plate-loading tests and those acquired from the in-mine convergence data are the results of neglecting adjacent pillar interaction. Finite element modelling was conducted to investigate the effects of adjacent pillar interactions upon the pillar settlement. Based on the finite element analyses, a correction curve was developed to adjust the viscoelastic parameter values to take into account the interaction between adjacent pillars. With the correction, the parameter values estimated from the plate-loading tests compared favourably with those acquired from the in-mine convergence results.  相似文献   

Outline of the Great Hanshin earthquake, Japan 1995     

Takashi Okimura  Shiro Takada  Teng Hye Koid 《Natural Hazards》1996,14(1):39-71

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管缝式锚杆防治软岩巷道底臌的试验研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

钟新谷  徐虎 《岩土力学》1996,17(1):16-21

根据对巷道围岩移动趋势的分析，充分考虑到锚杆在垂直于锚杆轴向方向上与围岩的相互作用．将其用于软岩巷道底臌的防治，简化了软岩巷道施工工艺。矿井的实际应用表明支护效果是明显的。  相似文献   

Metamorphic evolution of oceanic gabbros: recrystallization from subsolidus to hydrothermal conditions in the MARK area (ODP Leg 153)     

L. Gaggero  L. Cortesogno 《Lithos》1997,40(2-4):105-131

The 117.38 m of gabbroic core drilled during the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 153 at Sites 921 to 924 in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) between 23 °N and the Kane Fracture Zone, exhibits a remarkable primary compositional heterogeneity, such as magmatic layering, intrusive contacts and late magmatic veining, which express a succession of magmatic events. Textural indicators suggest that the cooling of the crystal mush occurred in a dynamic environment, with infiltration of progressively evolved liquids. Magmatic features include random shape fabric and magmatic lamination; the subsequent deformational overprint occurred in subsolidus conditions. The ductile deformation, generally concentrated in discrete domains of the gabbro, is associated with continuous re-equilibration of the metamorphic assemblages of (1) olivine + clinopyroxene + orthopyroxene + plagioclase + ilmenite + Ti-magnetite, (2) olivine + clinopyroxene + plagioclase + ilmenite + Ti-magnetite + red hornblende. At lower temperatures brittle deformation prevails and subsequent fractures control the development of metamorphic assemblages: (3) clinopyroxene + plagioclase + red brown hornblende + Ti-magnetite + magnetite (?) + ilmenite, (4) plagioclase + brown hornblende + Ti-magnetite + magnetite + hematite + titanite ± Ti-oxide, (5) plagioclase + green hornblende + magnetite + titanite, (6) plagioclase + actinolite + chlorite + titanite + magnetite, (7) albite + actinolite + chlorite + prehnite ± epidote ± titanite and (8) albite + prehnite + chlorite ± smectite. Assemblages 1 to 8 express increasing water/rock ratios and decreasing degrees of recrystallization.

During the ductile phase, red hornblende is stable and its abundance increases with deformation intensity, possibly as an effect of the introduction of hydrous fluids. During the brittle phase, water diffusion controls the development of the fracture-filling mineral assemblages and re-equilibration of the adjacent rock; temperatures decrease further, as demonstrated by mineral zoning and incompletely re-equilibrated assemblages. The lowest temperatures correspond to the development of hydrothermal assemblages.

Compared with oceanic gabbros from fast-spreading transform environments, high-temperature ductile phases (granulite and amphibolite) are well developed, whereas brittle phases are widespread, as microcracks, prevalent on fracturing associated with discrete veins.  相似文献   

研究底板突水的结构力学方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王成绪 《煤田地质与勘探》1997,(Z1)

介绍了研究底板突水的结构力学方法，并用极限弯矩的理论计算得出确定底板隔水层有效厚度之计算公式。  相似文献   

水库诱发地震的地震动特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

杨清源  戴丽思  陈献程  胡毓良  陈凌岳 《地震工程学报》1997,19(1):64-69

利用新丰江、美国奥洛维尔和蒙蒂赛洛水库地震极近场地面运动资料，研究了水库诱发地震的地震动峰值加速度衰减。结果表明，水库地震的峰值加速度高，衰减快。利用国内水库地震资料研究了水库地震烈度。水库地震烈度与同级天然地震烈度相比，一般是烈度高，衰减慢。水库地震的地震动反应谱频率高，地震动持续时间短  相似文献   

碟形弹簧竖向减震体系的分析与研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘天适  赵强  王兴国  苏幼坡  苏经宇 《世界地震工程》2004,20(2):1-5

对碟形弹簧竖向减震体系利用时程分析方法对其进行动力分析，并输入不同场地、不同频谱的地震波考察其减震效果，验证了碟形弹簧在合理控制其刚度的前提下可以起到有效减小竖向地震的作用。  相似文献   

液化土层对地表加速度反应谱的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

孙锐  袁晓铭 《世界地震工程》2004,20(3):33-38

采用一种改进的有效应力方法研究土层液化对地表加速度反应谱的影响，分析中考虑了砂层的厚度、埋深和输入地震波的幅值和波型等因素。分析结果表明，土层液化使地表加速度反应谱的特征周期至少延长0．1秒以上，使原Ⅱ类场地变为Ⅲ类场地，高烈度时易变成Ⅳ类场地，反应谱中周期0．8秒-1．0秒是液化砂层加震或减震的一个分界点，液化对反应谱短周期分量具有一定的减震作用，而对长周期分量有非常显著的放大作用。  相似文献