BZ28-2S油田Cr^3＋聚合物凝胶渗流特征及其调驱效果研究     

邹剑  王荣健  薛宝庆  卢祥国 《海洋地质译丛》2014,(2):46-53

渤海BZ28-2S油田具有油藏厚度大、平均渗透率高、非均质性严重、溶剂水矿化度较高和原油黏度较低等特点,注水开发过程中水窜现象比较严重,进而影响水驱开发效果,亟待采取调剖技术措施来改善水驱开发效果.针对BZ28-2S油藏储层特征、流体性质和及其井网特点,以黏度、阻力系数、残余阻力系数和采收率为评价指标,开展了Cr^3＋聚合物凝胶配方优选和调驱注入参数优化实验研究.结果表明,在目标油藏储层和流体条件下,交联剂Cr^3＋与聚合物分子链间可以发生交联反应,形成具有“分子内”交联结构特征、独特渗流特性和与储层适应性良好的Cr^3＋聚合物凝胶体系.与聚合物溶液相比较,在段塞相同条件下,Cr^3＋聚合物凝胶调驱效果较好.从技术经济效果考虑,推荐Cr^3＋聚合物凝胶体系组成：Cp=1 200 ～1 600 mg/L,m（Pol）∶m（Cr^3＋）=180∶1～ 270∶1,段塞尺寸为0.075 ～ 0.125 PV,预计采收率增幅1.6％ ～ 2.5％.在室内研究基础上,2012年12月开始在渤海BZ28-2S油田进行了矿场试验.目前矿场调驱施工正在进行之中,截止到2013年5月,由于调驱时间较短,部分油井已经见效.  相似文献   

Diagnosis of physical and biological control over phytoplankton in the Gulf of Maine-Georges Bank region using an adjoint data assimilation approach     

Caixia Wang  Paola Malanotte-Rizzoli 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(3):356-368

The linkage between physical and biological processes, particularly the effect of the circulation field on the distribution of phytoplankton, is studied by applying a two-dimensional model and an adjoint data assimilation approach to the Gulf of Maine-Georges Bank region. The model results, comparing well with observation data, reveal seasonal and geographic variations of phytoplankton concentration and verify that the seasonal cycles of phytoplankton are controlled by both biological sources and ad-vection processes which are functions of space and time and counterbalance each other. Although advective flux divergences have greater magnitudes on Georges Bank than in the coastal region of the western Gulf of Maine, advection control over phytoplankton concentration is more significant in the coastal region of the western Gulf of Maine. The model results also suggest that the two separated populations in the coastal regions of the western Gulf of Maine and on Georges Bank are self-sustaining.  相似文献   

Insights from a Qualitative Study of Rural Communes: Physical and Social Dimensions of Place     

Elena Ariel Windsong 《社会与自然资源》2014,27(1):107-116

Existing research on people–place dynamics often focuses on either physical environment or social dimensions, but many theoretical models posit that both factors are important. I argue that rural communes provide unique settings to explore both social and environmental aspects of place. Based on qualitative interview data with members of two communes, I address emotional connection to the land, changing social relationships over time, and the interplay of physical and social aspects of place. Results demonstrate how the connections to land and social ties are both prevalent. However, social interaction has decreased while commitment to sharing and protecting the physical environment has endured.  相似文献   

The Relationship of Place Re-Making and Watershed Group Participation in Appalachia     

Heather A. Lukacs  Nicole M. Ardoin 《社会与自然资源》2014,27(1):55-69

This article explores how participation in watershed groups creates a social space that mediates the relationship between biophysical places and place-protective action. We analyze qualitative data from a survey of more than 200 watershed group volunteers in the Appalachian region of the United States who were asked to describe experiences that encouraged or discouraged their participation. “Place” emerged as a key theme, with further delineations between made places (those highly affected by human activity, including coal extraction); natural places; and re-made places (those restored by the efforts of the watershed-group participants). Our findings suggest that the places themselves—and the natural, institutional, and social resources in these places—are more than a backdrop or setting for the volunteer activities; they also inspire, enhance, and are transformed by the act of volunteering.  相似文献   

VRS参考站点形变对流动站定位坐标的影响分析     

张勇  朱丽强  严津 《测绘工程》2014,23(12):39-42

在国内外,很多地方的网络RTK都采用虚拟参考站(VRS)技术,有些地方建立的CORS网较早,某些基准站会发生一定的形变,针对VRS参考站点形变影响流动站定位坐标的问题,通过理论分析与严密的公式推导,并对VRS系统GPSNET中参考站坐标形变进行仿真试验。结果表明,用户流动站坐标是通过虚拟参考站转接到物理主参考站,即流动站的参考站实际上是物理主参考站,用户流动站坐标变化量与物理主参考站坐标变化量基本一致,并对参考站形变后坐标调整提出方案。  相似文献   

3维地形的金字塔上下采样局部实时简化算法     

易雄鹰  方超 《遥感学报》2013,17(4):802-815

在大型三维地理信息系统中,往往需要在预加载整体地形数据的基础上,对局部地形数据重新构建三角网,用于物理模拟等应用。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种三维地形的金字塔“上下采样”局部实时简化算法,实现对局部三角网地形实时高效的简化。该算法基于图像金字塔思想,通过对原始地形的三角格网执行“下采样”和“上采样”,结合“预测残差”对“下采样”的地形做局部简化,简化后的三角网十分逼近原始的高精度三角网。本文将该算法用于GeoBeans 3D平台的汽车驾驶模拟系统中。该算法生成的地形简化且稳定,随着汽车活动范围的变化,按需销毁及重构更新地形。实验证明,当预测残差阈值取0.1时,三角形个数能简化到原始数量的2/3;阈值取0.2时,三角形个数可以简化到原始个数的1/4左右。由此可见,在视觉精度允许的范围之内,该算法对地形的简化效果较好,且耗时少,满足了三维系统及车辆驾驶模拟的实时性。  相似文献   

A Photo-elicitation Approach to Exploring the Place Meanings Ascribed by Campers to the Ningaloo Coastline,North-western Australia     

Joanna Tonge  Susan A. Moore  Maria M. Ryan  Lynnath E. Beckley 《The Australian geographer》2013,44(2):143-160

Although there have been numerous studies of the meanings ascribed to terrestrial places, their applicability or otherwise to coastal and marine places has received limited attention. Through the process of photo-elicitation, the meanings ascribed to a remote coastal camping environment are examined, with the coastline of Ningaloo Marine Park in north-western Australia the focus for this study. Thirty participants were provided with digital cameras and the ascribed place meanings were explored when their photographs were discussed in subsequent in-depth interviews. Key meanings related to the physical environment providing opportunities for escape, participating in multiple marine-based activities, bonding with family and like-minded people, and offering a rewarding experience that makes everybody happy. This emergent meaning of ‘everybody's happy’ progresses the understanding of the affective elements of place, especially those realised by families and groups of friends. The paper traces important implications of this meaning, and provides a paradoxical perspective on isolation evident from the interviews, for managing coast-based recreation.  相似文献   

Urban industrial Areas     

Hans Thor Andersen M.Sc. 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2013,113(1):50-52

Andersen. Hans Thor: Urban industrial Areas. Geografisk Tidsskrift 84: 50–52. Copenhagen, January 1984.

The development of the large cities has been closely connected with industrialization. However, the decentralization of industry and manufacturing jobs has accelerated from 1970. This process has left a huge stock of old. derelict industrial buildings and a pool of unemployed workes.  相似文献   

THE MOST PERFECT EXAMPLE OF AN ALIEN ECOLOGY EVER CONSTRUCTED     

《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):471-477

Much science-fiction literature is based upon the creation and exploration of alternative environments. Stanley G. Weinbaum's short story, “Parasite Planet,”introduces an unusual environment that may be wrong in the light of recent evidence on Venus but still stimulates the geographical imagination.  相似文献   

Black Rock     

《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):502-503

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