Problems with identifying the ‘8200‐year cold event’ in terrestrial records of the Atlantic seaboard: a case study from Dooagh,Achill Island,Ireland     

Katie Head  Chris S. M. Turney  Jon R. Pilcher  J. G. Palmer  M. G. L. Baillie 《第四纪科学杂志》2007,22(1):65-75

The Northern Hemisphere cooling event 8200 years ago is believed to represent the last known major freshwater pulse into the North Atlantic as a result of the final collapse of the North American Laurentide ice sheet. This pulse of water is generally believed to have occurred independently of orbital variations and provides an analogue for predicted increases in high‐latitude precipitation and ice melt as a result of anthropogenically driven future climate change. The precise timing, duration and magnitude of this event, however, are uncertain, with suggestions that the 100‐yr meltwater cooling formed part of a longer‐term cold period in the early Holocene. Here we undertook a multiproxy, high‐resolution investigation of a peat sequence at Dooagh, Achill Island, on the west coast of Ireland, to determine whether the 8200‐year cold event impacted upon the terrestrial vegetation immediately ‘downwind’ of the proposed changes in the North Atlantic. We find clear evidence for an oscillation in the early Holocene using various measures of pollen, indicating a disruption in the vegetation leading to a grassland‐dominated landscape, most probably driven by changes in precipitation rather than temperature. Radiocarbon dating was extremely problematic, however, with bulk peat samples systematically too young for the North Atlantic event, suggesting significant contamination from downward root penetration. The sustained disruption to vegetation over hundreds of years at Dooagh indicates the landscape was impacted by a long‐term cooling event in the early Holocene, and not the single century length 8200‐year meltwater event proposed in many other records in the North Atlantic region. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Late Glacial beech forest: an 18,000–5000-BP pollen record from Auckland, New Zealand     

A. K. Lancashire  J. R. Flenley  M. Harper 《Global and Planetary Change》2002,33(3-4)

Australia, New Zealand and South America are the main sources of terrestrial climate change records for midlatitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. The advantage of studying the New Zealand record is that its vegetation has been subject to human influence for only the last thousand years. Vegetation records for Auckland are important because earlier work indicates that during the Last Glacial Maximum, the boundary between scrubland and forest lay in the Auckland region. Auckland is situated in a volcanic field and the coring site was in the crater of a small extinct volcano (Crater Hill, formed about 29 ka BP). The 4-m long core contained sediment dating from c. 5 to c. 18 ka BP. We present pollen and diatom records from this core.The pollen records from basal clays indicate southern beech forest (mainly Nothofagus menziesii) was present in the region around Crater Hill from 18 to 14.5 ka BP. At this time, there were areas of scrub in the crater surrounding a hardwater lake. The southern forest limit could well have been close to the site. Records from overlying peat indicate beech forest was replaced by Podocarp broadleaf forest as the Last Glacial ended. Metrosideros spp. (coastal forest trees) peak in the early Holocene. This coincides with an impoverished diatom flora which indicates drier conditions in the basin. When the lake reformed in the Holocene on peat its water was more acidic.  相似文献   

内蒙古查干淖尔湖2000a以来气候环境演变的沉积记录     

江南  王永  董进  杨劲松  田飞  刘瑾  汤文坤 《地质通报》2016,35(6):953-962

以内蒙古东部查干淖尔湖西湖深97cm的浅井剖面为对象,根据取得的7个AMS14C测年数据建立其2070cal a BP以来的年代序列,结合孢粉组合特征与粒度组成的综合分析,重建该地区2070cal a BP以来气候环境变化过程。研究结果表明,查干淖尔湖2070cal a BP以来气候环境变化具体可以分为3个阶段:2070~1150cal a BP,孢粉总浓度较高,以蒿属、藜科为主,沉积物各粒级组分变幅较小且以粉砂为主,水动力条件较弱,湖水位较高,气候温凉偏湿;1150~825cal a BP,孢粉总浓度显著降低,耐旱的麻黄属达到最高值,沉积物粗颗粒含量显著增加,水动力条件增强,湖水位降低,气候冷干,其中940~870cal a BP期间气候极端干旱;825cal a BP以来,总体温暖偏湿,有冷干事件发生。太阳活动可能是导致查干淖尔湖过去2000a气候变化的主要驱动力。  相似文献   

基于多重地层对比研究还原长江三角洲北翼晚第四纪古环境演变   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

于俊杰  劳金秀  蒋仁  曾剑威  彭博  马雪  赵玲  杨祝良 《地质通报》2016,35(10):1692-1704

对江苏省盐城市溱东镇CSJA3钻孔揭露的74m沉积物岩心进行了沉积学、年代学、生物学等多重地层研究,晚第四纪以来初步划分了3个有孔虫化石组合,分别对应长江三角洲的镇江海侵、滆湖海侵和太湖海侵,证实钻孔所在位置对3次海侵事件均有记录。同一时期的7个孢粉组合反映了不同的气候条件和沉积环境,分别为(P8)莎草-禾本科组合(0~7.8m),气候暖湿,沉积环境自下而上为盐沼-潮上带;(P7)松-藜科-蒿属组合(7.8~11.0m),冷干,河漫滩;(P6)松-栎-禾本科-藜科-菊科组合(11.0~30.0m),温和略干,自下而上为河漫滩-潮间带;(P5)环纹藻-蒿组合(30.0~37.2m),冷干,河漫滩;(P4)松-菊科组合(37.2~43.55m),温凉偏冷干,潮间带-潮下带;(P3)栎-松-禾本科组合(43.55~50.0m),温暖湿润,潮间带;(P2)松-栎-菊科-环纹藻组合,50.0~65.0m,温凉偏干,河流边滩-河漫滩相沉积。  相似文献   

Strong correlation between summer temperature and pollen accumulation rates for Pinus sylvestris,Picea abies and Betula spp. in a high‐resolution record from northern Sweden     

L. Barnekow  N. J. Loader  S. Hicks  C. A. Froyd  T. Goslar 《第四纪科学杂志》2007,22(7):653-658

Highly resolved pollen spectra analysed from a 47 cm peat monolith recovered from a mire in northern Sweden exhibit climatic sensitivity in the pollen accumulation rates (PAR) of boreal treeline species. Robust temporal control, afforded through multiple AMS radiocarbon dating of the post‐atomic‐bomb‐test period (AD 1961–2002), provides a unique opportunity to compare pollen accumulation rates with the instrumental meteorological record. Strong correlations are observed between summer temperature and PAR for Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Betula spp. (excluding B. nana). Despite well constrained, contiguous (‘annual’) sampling, the temporal resolution of the pollen signal preserved within each sample appears to be degraded to ca. 3–5 year resolution. This is likely to reflect processes occurring during peat accumulation and pollen deposition, as well as dating uncertainties and the effects of subsampling. These findings identify limitations to the maximum resolution that may realistically be recovered from the peat archive using high‐resolution sampling protocols and AMS ¹⁴C dating. We also identify the need for additional work to quantify the role of climate on peat accumulation and the resultant impact on assemblage‐based palaeoenvironmental reconstructions within mire sequences. The strongest climate association observed for Picea abies (r = 0.53; n = 36) was extended through the monolith beyond the 42 year period of ‘annual’ sampling and the response successfully correlated with the Bottenviken historical instrumental record to AD 1860. Although only presenting data from a single site, and requiring wider replication, we conclude that for sites close to the ecological limits of tree species, where levels of anthropogenic/non‐climatic forcing on pollen production are low, well‐dated records of PAR may potentially provide a proxy for reconstructing past summer temperature variability. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

孢粉资料定量重建泥河湾盆地侯家窑遗址时期的古气候     

穆会双  许清海  张生瑞  浑凌云  李曼玥  胡亚楠  李阳  谢飞 《第四纪研究》2015,35(3)

泥河湾盆地侯家窑遗址在中国旧石器文化及古人类演化进程中占有十分重要的地位,但前人研究多集中在古人类及哺乳动物化石及其地层年代方面,对古人类生存时的古气候、古环境研究较少,更未见定量研究.本文利用最终筛选后的420个表土和83个地层样品的孢粉数据,采用MAT(modern analogue technique)方法定量重建了泥河湾盆地侯家窑遗址220～85ka B.P.的年均温和年均降水序列.依据孢粉定量重建的气候变化序列与大西洋-太平洋深海氧同位素和南极冰芯记录的MIS 5、MIS 6和MIS 7阶段有较好对应.冰期时,泥河湾盆地的年平均气温比现在低2～4℃,年均降水量比现在多200～400mm;间冰期时,年均气温比现在高约1℃,或与现在相近,年均降水量也与现在相近.冰期时,泥河湾盆地的古气候相对稳定,间冰期时波动频繁.侯家窑古人类生活在大理冰期(MIS 6阶段),气候寒冷湿润,丰富的动植物资源成为侯家窑人的主要食物来源,侯家窑人已学会适应和抵御严寒的气候环境.  相似文献   

肇庆高要泥炭沉积揭示的全新世植被演变及人类活动历史     

彭环环  郑卓  郑艳伟  黄康有  魏金辉 《第四纪研究》2015,35(3)

位于珠江三角洲西北边缘地区的肇庆高要钻孔岩芯长610cm,其泥炭沉积物记录了全新世的沉积过程、植被演变和人类活动历史.根据木屑及泥炭沉积物的AMS-14C测年,钻孔底部年龄按沉积速率外推大约为6100cal.a B.P..在孔深536～ 175cm段发现以水松(Glyptostrobus pensilis)为主的原位腐木根茎和泥炭沉积.孢粉研究表明近6000年来钻孔所在区域植被类型发生了明显变化,经历了常绿阔叶林→水松森林沼泽→常绿阔叶林→草地沼泽→次生林及草地农田5个阶段.当地的水松沼泽群落在4900～ 2900cal.aB.P.期间十分繁盛,该阶段后期随着沼泽湿地面积的缩小呈现缓慢衰退的趋势;在2900cal.aB.P.左右水松林面积大幅缩小,水松森林沼泽快速转变成浅水及早地莎草科、禾本科为主的草地沼泽;约1700cal.aB.P.后研究区域残余的天然水松基本消失.炭屑分析表明,火灾事件始于距今3500cal.aB.P.,与该地区新石器时代末期相对应,揭示了该区域早期农业的初始时代.乔木植物的比例在2660cal.a B.P.骤减,禾本科、里白/芒箕、松属等先锋属种大量生长,这个过程伴随着炭屑浓度的大幅增加,指示人类刀耕火种活动逐渐增强.研究表明,晚全新世三角洲进积、海岸带推移、潜水位下降和人类活动等综合因素导致了研究区域水松林的消亡,近2600年三角洲早期农业的发展大大加剧了当地水松群落的衰退速度.  相似文献   

Vegetation sensitivity to climate changes and human impact in the Harghita Mountains (Eastern Romanian Carpathians) over the past 15 000 years          下载免费PDF全文

IOAN TANŢĂU  ANGELICA FEURDEAN  JACQUES‐LOUIS DE BEAULIEU  MAURICE REILLE  SORINA FĂRCAŞ 《第四纪科学杂志》2014,29(2):141-152

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Early Holocene climate change and human occupation along the semiarid coast of north‐central Chile     

Antonio Maldonado  Cesar Méndez  Paula Ugalde  Donald Jackson  Roxana Seguel  Claudio Latorre 《第四纪科学杂志》2010,25(6):985-988

The brief, terminal Pleistocene archaeological site at Santa Julia (SJ, 31° 50′ S; 71° 45′ W) is the only one with fluted projectile preforms and megafauna consumption known from the Chilean semiarid coastline. Here, we present the climatic history at SJ during the early Holocene reconstructed from pollen and charcoal analyses spanning 13.2–8.6 ka (=10³ calibrated ¹⁴C yr BP). Elevated charcoal concentrations confirm human activity by 13.2 ka. Human occupation decreased in intensity and charcoal practically disappears from the record after 10.6 ka, followed by wetland expansion at SJ between 10.5 and 9.5 ka. Local dominance of coastal shrubland reveals that dry phases occurred between >11.2–10.5 and 9.5–9.0 ka. Overall, these findings imply that by modulating available resources at both local and landscape levels climate change may have played an important role in explaining the peopling of semiarid coastal Chile. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A record of Lateglacial and early Holocene environmental and ecological change from southwestern Connecticut,USA     

W. Wyatt Oswald  David R. Foster  Elaine D. Doughty  Edward K. Faison 《第四纪科学杂志》2009,24(6):553-556

Analyses of a sediment core from Highstead Swamp in southwestern Connecticut, USA, reveal Lateglacial and early Holocene ecological and hydrological changes. Lateglacial pollen assemblages are dominated by Picea and Pinus subg. Pinus, and the onset of the Younger Dryas (YD) cold interval is evidenced by higher abundance of Abies and Alnus viridis subsp. crispa. As climate warmed at the end of the YD, Picea and Abies declined and Pinus strobus became the dominant upland tree species. A shift from lacustrine sediment to organic peat at the YD–Holocene boundary suggests that the lake that existed in the basin during the Lateglacial interval developed into a swamp in response to reduced effective moisture. A change in wetland vegetation from Myrica gale to Alnus incana subsp. rugosa and Sphagnum is consistent with this interpretation of environmental changes at the beginning of the Holocene. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献