沔阳地区一万多年来孢粉记录的环境演变   总被引：15，自引：3，他引：12  

羊向东  朱育新  蒋雪中  吴艳宏  王苏民 《湖泊科学》1998,10(2):23-29

依据Ｍ１孔孢粉组合特征及＾１４Ｃ年龄数据,结合孢粉数理统计分析,重建了江汉平原沔阳地区一万多年来的古季风气候变迁序列。研究结果表明,该区气候经历了六个阶段的变化。６．７－４．４ｋａＢＰ间。为水热配置最佳时期。夏季降水显著增多;３．９－１２．７ｋａＢＰ,气温有所下降,但有效湿度很高,为古云楚泽扩张时期,其湿度的增加既受锋面降水带的影响,同时恙长江南移,河床迅速抬高有关。约６ｋａＢＰ后,人类活动在本区  相似文献   

青海湖盆地35万年来的植被演化及环境变迁   总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16  

山发寿  杜乃秋  孔昭宸 《湖泊科学》1993,5(1):9-17

本文依据青海湖南岸二郎剑阶地QH-86孔(深155m)中200余个孢粉样品的分析资料,将该孔深78m以上的孢粉图式,从下至上划分出七个区域性孢粉带,并结合铀系法测年数据,论述了350ka B.P.来的湖区植被和环境演变。其气候曲线与毗邻的柴达木盆地,甚至与深海钻孔及洛川黄土,具有可对比性。  相似文献   

吐哈盆地台北凹陷西山窑组（J2）孢粉组合   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吉利明 《高校地质学报》1997,3(1):94-105

台北凹陷是吐哈盆地的主要含油气区,而西山窑组煤系地层是该地区的主力烃源岩。对采自葡１井与草南１井西山窑组孢粉化石的,鉴定和统计,共发现孢粉化石31属57例,依据属种含量分布和地史意义,可建立以Cyathiites－Cycadopites－Quadraeculina为代表的孢粉组合,其中裸子植物花粉略占优势,含量为51％,蕨类植物孢子含量为49％。通过对主要孢粉类型和重要属种地史分布的讨论、与邻区及国内外同时代孢粉组合特征的对比,加之本区西山窑组与下伏早侏罗世晚期的三工河组为整合接触关系,认为西山窑组孢粉组合与陕甘宁盆地中部地区的延安组、辽宁西部的海房沟组等地层所产孢粉组合较相似,其地质时代应属中侏罗世早期,大致相当Aalenian－Bajocian期。  相似文献   

First record of microsporophyll genus Caytonanthus Thomas from Early Cretaceous beds of South Rewa Gondwana Basin,India: Its evolutionary and palaeogeographical significance          下载免费PDF全文

Neeru Prakash  Neelam Das 《Island Arc》2017,26(1)

Pteridosperms (seed ferns) are an extinct group of large and diverse plants. They were dominant elements during Palaeozoic and were also an important component in the Mesozoic vegetation but declined globally in the Cretaceous time with the radiation of angiosperms. The order Caytoniales of Mesozoic pteridosperm is an extinct group of seed ferns in the vegetation. They thrived for about 100 million years from the Late Triassic to the Late Cretaceous. Although they never attained dominant status, their rare occurrence in the vegetation is quite important and fascinating. For this extinct group of seed fern, Thomas ( 1925 ) erected a new order Caytoniales which includes three organ genera Caytonia (megasporophyll), Caytonanthus (microsporophyll) and Sagenopteris (leaves). This paper is aimed to document first record of microsporophyll genus Caytonanthus, obtained from the Lower Cretaceous beds of the South Rewa Gondwana Basin of the Indian Peninsula. Its morpho‐characters, palaeogeographic distribution, along with its plausible southern origin through ancestral group like Glossopteridales, are surmised here.  相似文献   

What do Δ14C changes across the Gerzensee oscillation/GI‐1b event imply for deglacial oscillations?     

C. S. Andresen  S. Bjrck  O. Bennike  J. Heinemeier  B. Kromer 《第四纪科学杂志》2000,15(3):203-214

High‐resolution studies were performed on late‐glacial sediments from a small lake in western Denmark with respect to lithology, geochemistry, stable isotopes, pollen stratigraphy and radiocarbon dating on terrestrial macrofossils. One purpose was to detect the so‐called Gerzensee oscillation, or the GI‐1b event, in the later part of the Allerød warm period, and to describe the environmental impact of this short cooling. The other aim was to test the hypothesis that considerable Δ¹⁴C changes occur over this time, which can be related to ocean ventilation/thermohaline circulation changes. We find that the GI‐1b event had a major impact on both terrestrial and limnic ecosystems: large vegetation changes, increased soil erosion and lowered aquatic production. By correlations to events in the GRIP ice‐core and ¹⁴C patterns in the Cariaco basin we also transformed our ¹⁴C dated record into calendar years to calculate Δ¹⁴C values. The ¹⁴C dates show that the GI‐1b event both preceded, and was part of, the 11 400–11 300 ¹⁴C yr BP radiocarbon plateau, and was followed by the 11 000–10 900 ¹⁴C yr BP plateau; thus the later part of the event coincides with a distinct age decline. This delayed age drop (Δ¹⁴C rise) in relation to the hypothetical triggering mechanism behind the event, decreased ocean ventilation, could be explained by redeposited macrofossils at the onset of GI‐1b. This phenomenon, also seen at the onset of Younger Dryas, may also reflect increased soil erosion and redeposition at the start of cold periods. The independent Cariaco Basin record, however, implies that the very end of the cool GI‐1b event is related to a distinct rise in Δ¹⁴C. Likewise, the ¹⁰Be record from GISP2 shows a distinct rise in the middle of the event, precluding decreased solar forcing as the trigger of the climate event, but making it likely that high cosmic ray flux (low solar activity) may be the cause of the rising atmospheric ¹⁴C content. We thus conclude that the Δ¹⁴C changes over the Gerzensee oscillation (GI‐1b), being one of several coolings during the Last Termination, does not seem to be related to ocean ventilation changes. The reason behind this lack of coincidence between rising Δ¹⁴C and a fairly distinct Northern Hemisphere cooling may be due to the fact that the oceanic changes during some of these coolings are too subtle to give an atmospheric ¹⁴C imprint, or that an anti‐phase relationship between the two hemispheres blurs the Δ¹⁴C signal, or, finally, that a partly unknown mechanism may lie behind such coolings. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Correlation of Swedish glacial varves with the Greenland (GRIP) oxygen isotope record     

Thomas Andrn  Jonas Bjrck  Sigfus Johnsen 《第四纪科学杂志》1999,14(4):361-371

A mean varve thickness curve has been constructed for a part of the Swedish varve chronology from the northwestern Baltic proper. The mean varve thickness curve has been correlated with the δ¹⁸O record from the GRIP ice-core using the Younger Dryas–Preboreal climate shift. This climate shift was defined by pollen analyses. The Scandinavian ice-sheet responded to a warming at the end of the Younger Dryas, ca. 10995 to 10700 clay-varve yr BP. Warming is recorded as a sequence of increasing mean varve thickness and ice-rafted debris suggesting intense calving of the ice front. The Younger Dryas–Preboreal climatic shift is dated to ca. 10650 clay-varve yr BP, about 40 yr after the final drainage of the Baltic Ice Lake. Both the pollen spectra and a drastic increase in varve thickness reflect this climatic shift. A climate deterioration, correlated with the Preboreal oscillation, is dated to ca. 10440 to 10320 clay-varve yr BP and coincides with the brackish water phase of the Yoldia Sea stage. The ages of the climatic oscillations at the Younger Dryas–Preboreal transition show an 875 yr discrepancy compared with the GRIP record, suggesting a large error in the Swedish varve chronology in the part younger than ca. 10300 clay-varve yr BP. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

南海南部末次冰期以来的孢粉记录及其气候意义   总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24  

李逊  孙湘君 《第四纪研究》1999,19(6):526-535

本文通过分析南海南部１７９６４柱状样的孢粉记录,重建了该地区２６０００ａＢ．Ｐ．以来的植被和气候变化历史。南海南部末次盛冰期时高山雨林的范围可能是现在的２～３倍,表明气温明显下降;从末次盛冰期到冰消期,巽他陆架一直为热带低地雨林及红树林占据,表明在此期间湿度没有明显变化,但存在着千年级的准周期波动。这种波动一直持续到全新世中期。本地区在２０００ａＢ．Ｐ．以来芒萁孢子大量增加,一些高山雨林的成分重新出现,可能与人类活动所导致的低地植被的破坏有关。  相似文献   

Pleistocene deposits at Stoke Goldington,in the valley of the Great Ouse,UK     

C. P. Green  G. R. Coope  R. L. Jones  D. H. Keen  D. Q. Bowen  A. P. Currant  D. T. Holyoak  M. Ivanovich  J. E. Robinson  R. J. Rogerson  R. C. Young 《第四纪科学杂志》1996,11(1):59-87

At Stoke Goldington in the valley of the Great Ouse in Buckinghamshire a river terrace at a height of about 7 m above the floodplain is underlain by fluvial sediments representing climatic fluctuations in the late Middle Pleistocene. Near the base of the succession, at a level only 1 m above the modern floodplain, a fossil assemblage, including pollen, plant macrofossils, molluscs, insects and ostracods, provides evidence for the local development of herb-rich grassland under temperate climatic conditions. The fossil record, amino-acid racemisation ratios and uranium disequilibrium dating all suggest deposition of this material during Oxygen Isotope Stage 7. The deposits containing the temperate assemblage are immediately overlain by typical cold-climate gravels of the Great Ouse. These have been subjected to a later cut-and-fill episode, with the fill accumulating in cool climatic conditions. The cut-and-fill episode was succeeded by aggradation, forming the overlying terrace surface. Amino-acid racemisation ratios indicate that the fill was emplaced, and the terrace surface created, during or after Oxygen Isotope Stage 5. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

长江三角洲120 kaB.P.以来孢粉记录反映的古气候变化及其与海平面的耦合   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

陈静  李晓  王张华  陈中原 《海洋科学》2009,33(2):68-73

对上海地区晚第四纪钻孔地层中的孢粉以及较高分辨率测年资料进行了分析.根据孢粉组合恢复了6个植被演替以及古气候期,和该区的海水进退吻合很好.研究发现,120～96 ka B.P.间处于里斯冰期末期,沉积物粗,孢粉稀少;96～84 kaB.P.间处于里斯一玉木问冰期,孢粉以落叶栎一松一枫香一常绿栎一栲为主,气候温暖略湿,海平面上升;84～64 kaB.P.间处于早玉木冰期,气候寒冷,孢粉稀少,海水退出本区;64～20]kaB.P.间处于玉木问冰期,孢粉组合以落叶栎-栗-麻栎-常绿栎-栲-蒿-水龙骨为主,常绿树种大量出现,气候温暖湿润,海平面回升,其中37～34 kaB.P.间气候稍微变凉;22～10 kaB.P.间为末次冰盛期,孢粉含量以及种类稀少,主要以针叶树种和耐干草本植物为主,反映气候冷凉干燥,海水全面退出本区;10 kaB.P.以来,气候开始转暖,尤其进入全新世大暖期后,孢粉以落叶栎-松-常绿栎-禾本科为主.  相似文献   

Lateglacial and Holocene palaeoenvironments at Sierra La Madera,northwestern Mexico: Sharp signals of Younger Dryas and North American monsoon     

Carlos Alberto Galaz-Samaniego  M. Cristina Peñalba  Francisco Abraham Paz-Moreno  Iván Rosario Espinoza-Encinas  Kinardo Flores-Castro  Rogelio Monreal  Carlos Lizárraga-Celaya 《第四纪科学杂志》2023,38(1):76-91

During the last glacial termination, the climate system experienced intense global variations whose causes and impacts are not fully defined, particularly for low latitudes. The northwestern Mexico Sky Islands present a climate-sensitive ideal setting to record palaeoecological and palaeoclimatic changes due to their physiographic complexity and location in the ecotone between temperate and tropical ecosystems. High-resolution pollen analysis and a detailed sedimentological study were conducted at the Ciénega Tonibabi tropical thorn scrub site. The 15 540–0 cal a bp nearly continuous record shows that the North Atlantic Ocean did have a cold and humid climatic influence during the glacial stages of the end of the Pleistocene, including a sharp pulse during the Younger Dryas. However, a shift to the Pacific Ocean influence occurred during the Holocene, which led to the development of the El Niño conditions prevailing today. Colder and warmer phases follow one another with higher or lower winter precipitation, including a sharp Bølling–Allerød and development and intensification of the North American monsoon. They are reflected in hydrological changes as well as in the advances, retreats and intermingling of coniferous forests and tropical thorn scrub.  相似文献