A review of the adjoint-state method for computing the gradient of a functional with geophysical applications   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

R.-E. Plessix 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,167(2):495-503

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Three-dimensional structure across the Tintina strike-slip fault, northern Canadian Cordillera, from seismic refraction and reflection tomography     

Colin A. Zelt  Robert M. Ellis  Barry C. Zelt 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,167(3):1292-1308

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Surface wave tomography: finite-frequency effects lost in the null space   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

Jeannot Trampert  Jesper Spetzler 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,164(2):394-400

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Computation of Large Anisotropic Seismic Heterogeneities (CLASH)     

Éric Beucler  Jean-Paul Montagner 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,165(2):447-468

A general tomographic technique is designed in order (i) to operate in anisotropic media; (ii) to account for the uneven seismic sampling and (iii) to handle massive data sets in a reasonable computing time. One modus operandi to compute a 3-D body wave velocity model relies on surface wave phase velocity measurements. An intermediate step, shared by other approaches, consists in translating, for each period of a given mode branch, the phase velocities integrated along ray paths into local velocity perturbations. To this end, we develop a method, which accounts for the azimuthal anisotropy in its comprehensive form. The weakly non-linear forward problem allows to use a conjugate gradient optimization. The Earth's surface is regularly discretized and the partial derivatives are assigned to the individual grid points. Possible lack of lateral resolution, due to the inescapable uneven ray path coverage, is taken into account through the a priori covariances on parameters with laterally variable correlation lengths. This method allows to efficiently separate the 2ψ and the 4ψ anisotropic effects from the isotropic perturbations. Fundamental mode and overtone phase velocity maps, derived with real Rayleigh wave data sets, are presented and compared with previous maps. The isotropic models concur well with the results of Trampert & Woodhouse. Large 4ψ heterogeneities are located in the tectonically active regions and over the continental lithospheres such as North America, Antarctica or Australia. At various periods, a significant 4ψ signature is correlated with the Hawaii hotspot track. Finally, concurring with the conclusions of Trampert & Woodhouse, our phase velocity maps show that Rayleigh wave data sets do need both 2ψ and 4ψ anisotropic terms.  相似文献   

A traveltime reciprocity discrepancy in the Podvin & Lecomte time3d finite difference algorithm     

Ari Tryggvason  Björn Bergman 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,165(2):432-435

We have found that the extensively used finite difference scheme time3d produces time fields which are 'asymmetric' in the sense that traveltimes computed to the right of the source are faster than traveltimes computed to the left. All finite difference schemes will, as they are approximations to the wave equation, to some extent fail to obey reciprocity perfectly. We show, however, that the errors in time3d may be significant—and unnecessarily large. An asymmetry in the point source initialization has been identified, and after correction time3d produces time fields with an improved reciprocity.  相似文献   

Electromagnetic methods to characterize the Savoia di Lucania waste dump (Southern Italy)     

M. Bavusi  E. Rizzo  V. Lapenna 《Environmental Geology》2006,51(2):301-308

The aim of this work is the joint application and integration of non-invasive geoelectrical methods for studying the landfill of Savoia di Lucania (Southern Italy). This landfill for its engineering features and small dimensions (70 m × 30 m × 6 m) represents an optimal test site to assess a geophysical survey protocol for municipal solid waste landfills investigation and monitoring. The landfill of Savoia di Lucania has been built with a reinforced concrete material and coated with a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) liner. Three electrical resistivity tomographies (ERT), two self-potential (SP) map surveys and one induced polarization (IP) section have been performed, both in the surrounding area and inside the waste landfill. The geophysical investigations have well defined some buried boundaries of the landfill basin and localized the leachate accumulation zones inside the dumpsite. Comparison of our results with other engineering and geological investigations could be the key for evaluating the integrity of the HDPE liner. Finally, the joint use of the ERT, IP and SP methods seems to be a promising tool for studying and designing new monitoring systems able to perform a time-lapse analysis of waste landfill geometry and integrity.  相似文献   

地面地震层析技术在金属矿勘查中的试验研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

徐明才  高景华  荣立新  柴铭涛  刘建勋  吕庆田  史大年 《物探与化探》2005,29(4):299-303

由于金属矿区地质构造的复杂性和复杂的地表条件, 适合于探测层状介质的地震反射方法技术在金属矿勘查中的应用受到了限制。为提高地震记录的横向分辨率, 探测复杂的地质构造及隐伏岩体等, 需研究相应的地震方法技术, 地面地震层析技术在金属矿勘查中的试验研究就是为解决上述问题而开展的。本文就非线性地面地震层析技术的基本原理进行了阐述, 并就该方法在金属矿勘查中的试验效果进行了讨论。  相似文献   

中国大陆科学钻探主孔声发射法现今地应力状态的确定   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

王连捷李朋武  崔军文丁原辰 《中国地质》2005,32(2):259-264

对中国大陆科学钻探主孔的岩心进行了声发射测量,确定了301～1531m深度的最大主应力。并与钻孔崩落法(深度1269～1655m)测量结果进行了对比,结果表明,声发射测量所得测值基本上落在钻孔崩落法测值的趋势线上,两种方法所得结果一致,说明测量结果可信。测量结果表明科学钻探主孔地应力大小随深度增加,在浅部301m最大主应力为13.4MPa,在深部1655m为55.2MPa。随深度的增加率为0.0279MPa/m。最大主应力方向为N54°±3.3°E,且方向不随深度变化。  相似文献   

全谱直读等离子发射光谱法直接测定天然矿泉水中的SO2-4   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

查立新  刘洪青  马玲  戴先蓉 《安徽地质》2002,12(1):75-77

采用全谱直读等离子发射光谱(ICP-AES)直接测定天然矿泉水中SO2-4的方法在优化工作条件下SO42-的测定下限为0.09mgL-1,方法简便,快速,适用于批量生产.  相似文献   

Cathodoluminescence of authigenic albite     

Detlev K. Richter  Thomas G  tte  Dirk Habermann 《Sedimentary Geology》2002,150(3-4):367-374

Authigenic albites in carbonate rocks typically grow in a high-grade diagenetic to low-grade metamorphic environment and often show Roc-Tourné-twinning sensu Füchtbauer. Based on an investigation of four Middle to South European occurrences, they show Mn²⁺- and Fe³⁺-activated cathodoluminescence (CL), as revealed by combined high resolution spectroscopy of cathodoluminescence emission (HRS-CL), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and proton-induced X-ray emission (μPIXE).  相似文献