Ethnic and political identities and territorialities in the post-Soviet space     

Vladimir Kolossov 《GeoJournal》1999,48(2):71-81

The author examines some specific features and the post-Soviet changes of ethnic and political identities. He stresses the existence of supranational, mixed, blurred and `hierarchical' identities and of the complicated overlapping of national (political) and ethnic identities. Factors influencing their evolution in the context of nation- and state-building in the Russian Federation and in the other former Soviet republics are analyzed: language policy, creation of the national informational space, invention of national myths and stereotypes, and economic leverages used by ethnic political elites.  相似文献   

旅游影响下少数民族节日的文化适应与重构——基于哈尼族长街宴演变的分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

唐雪琼  钱俊希  陈岚雪 《地理研究》2011,30(5):835-844

在民族文化旅游发展的大背景下,少数民族节日传统文化在与外来文化的互动与碰撞过程中,不断经历着"地方传统"与"现代发展"的冲突与融合.本文通过元阳哈播、绿春两地长街宴节日活动的实地调研,研究哈尼族长街宴这一节日活动在旅游发展中的演变过程.研究指出:在旅游活动的影响下,在地方政府的引导或主导下,哈尼族长街宴为了适应游客传承...  相似文献   

跨文化交际中非言语行为的文化差异     

黄玲 《广东海洋大学学报》2005,25(5):127-130

非言语行为包括言语行为之外的一切由人类和环境所产生的刺激,这些刺激对于信息发出和接受者具有潜在信息价值或意义。通过对非言语行为的分类和特点分析,探讨了身势语、手势语、目光语、物体语、时空观等几种重要的非言语行为所体现出来的文化差异,说明非言语行为的文化差异往往是十分微妙和难以辨认的,这意味着在跨文化交际中,交际者对非言语行为的差异必须有非常敏锐的认识。  相似文献   

海洋无脊椎动物细胞培养与细胞干性的捕获     

岑卫  胡梦珠  Rinkevich Baruch  胡国斌 《海洋科学》2021,45(1):146-154

细胞系的构建在生物学领域具有重要意义,与其他动物(如昆虫)不同,经过数十年的发展,海洋无脊椎动物细胞研究仍停留在原代培养水平,没有建立起克隆化的永生细胞系。本文主要介绍了近年来海洋无脊椎动物细胞培养的研究进展,还介绍了一个基本原理,即海洋无脊椎动物永生细胞系的建立,可以通过捕获细胞的干性而实现。捕获细胞干性的第一条途径是利用转录因子等直接由体细胞制备海洋动物的诱导多能干细胞(iPS细胞)。第二条途径是获取海洋动物的成体干细胞(ASC)。这些细胞在维持机体活性、再生、无性克隆、体内增殖等方面起重要作用。当培养条件正确时,海洋无脊椎动物iPS细胞和ASC将会保持其原始状态,利用干细胞自我复制的固有能力、不分化地进行增殖而形成永生细胞系。  相似文献   

A political cultural map of Europe. A survey approach     

Gunnar Grendstad 《GeoJournal》1999,47(3):463-475

The existence of culture is far less contested than the ways in which one can conceptualize, theorize and measure it. Grid-group theory is a typological contribution to the field of political culture. It identifies one dimension of individuality (grid) and one dimension of social incorporation (group). Combined, these dimensions demarcate four omnipresent and interdependent cultures - hierarchy, egalitarianism, individualism and fatalism - each of which interlocks a social pattern with a type of cultural bias. The overall political cultural configuration of a country is determined by the given combination of the four cultures, each of whose size can be measured by the number of adherents. The estimated configurations of twelve European countries are obtained by analyzing two waves of the World Values Study in 1981 and 1990 (N=34,858). The results show that egalitarianism is dominant in the Nordic countries and the Netherlands, whereas fatalism is dominant in Great Britain, Ireland and southern Europe. Further analysis confirms the hypothesized correspondance between egalitarianism and Inglehart's concept of postmaterialism, both of which, in turn, are related to proenvironmental concern. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Physiology of Laminaria   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nichola J.  Conolly Edward A.  Drew 《Marine Ecology》1985,6(4):299-320

Abstract. Sporophytes of Laminaria digitata and L. saccharina were collected from the shore at different times of year. Intact sporophytes of both species, and discs cut from L. digitata lamina tissue were maintained for several weeks in laboratory cultures under various nitrate, phosphate, temperature and daylength regimes. Substrate-saturated uptake rates of approximately 24 μgN g dry weight^-1 h^-1 from 20 μM nitrate and 8 μgP g dry weight^-1 h^-1 from 10 μM phosphate were more than sufficient to account for internal nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation. Other nitrogen sources - nitrite, ammonium and urea - were also taken up, independently of each other, and supported growth. During the late spring decline of ambient nutrient levels, when growth rates on the shore also decline markedly, enrichment with nitrate (15 μM) and phosphate (3μ) together prevented this decline and also maintained peak photosynthetic rates (net photosynthesis = 10.4 μlO₂ cm^-2 h^-1) which otherwise dropped to 4.5 μO₂ cm^-2 h^-1 over 47 days at ambient nutrient levels (0.5 μM nitrate and phosphate). Slow summer growth rates in June/July were enhanced to greater than spring peak values by combined nitrate (7.5 μM) and phosphate (1.8 μM) enrichment; neither was sufficient alone, although the individual nutrients were accumulated internally. A lesser, but significant enhancement was also achieved in September. In midwinter, nutrient enhancement itself (10.5 μM nitrate and 3.0 μM phosphate) had a small effect on growth rates only if summer water temperature (15°C) was used, but the dramatic effect of an increased photoperiod (7.5 to 17.5 h) was in excess of that expected for the increased radiant energy available. This was found to be due, at least in L. digitaia discs, to the re-establishment of a surface meristoderm in the dormant winter tissue; this was particularly active with high phosphate supply. Growth of the new lamina in January on the shore was much reduced if the old lamina was removed, although the time of initiation of new growth remained unchanged. In the laboratory, the old lamina was found to be a source of nitrogen for new lamina but not of fixed carbon or phosphorus. New lamina photosynthesis, manifest as mannitol accumulation, was directly proportional to phosphate supply up to at least 7.5 μM phosphate. Mannitol accumulation was then suppressed by a nitrate supply above 12 um, presumably by diversion of fixed carbon to other biosynthetic pathways.  相似文献   

The ambient environment of the Gangetic sediments of chalcolithic period     

D P Agrawal  M N Deshpande  S N Rajaguru  Bhaskar Roy 《Journal of Earth System Science》1978,87(3):23-28

There is considerable controversy regarding the mode of deposition of the OCP culture-associated sediments in the Gangetic valley and their ecological implications. SEM and sedimentologic studies show a fluvial mode of deposition of sediments originally derived from a glacial environment.  相似文献   

南阳盆地新石器文化的地理分布、传播路径及生业模式     

李中轩  朱诚  袁胜元  徐佳佳  吴国玺  王宏  郭志永 《地理学报》2015,70(1):143-156

全新世以来南阳盆地的新石器文化以中原类型为主导,但源于汉水中下游的屈家岭文化和石家河文化深刻影响了南阳盆地史前文化演变的内容和过程。除石家河期遗址集中分布于盆地南缘的低地外,仰韶文化、屈家岭文化和龙山文化的人类遗址均分布于100~200 m地势和缓的岗地区。盆地内史前文化相互角逐的动力源于中原型和江汉型两种原始农业的消涨,因而旱作农业快速发展期对应仰韶文化和龙山文化的南扩;粟作农业的衰落对应屈家岭文化和石家河文化的北进。南阳盆地史前时期的生业模式序列表现为：仰韶文化早期的采集捕捞业、仰韶中晚期的粟作农业、屈家岭时期的稻作农业和石家河—龙山时期的稻粟混作业。其中,屈家岭文化后期生产工具的精细化、家庭畜牧业的规模化改变了先民的食谱结构。  相似文献   

全新世大暖期末期气候变化对甘青地区新石器文化的影响(英文)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘峰贵  张镱锂  冯兆东  侯光良  周强  张海峰 《地理学报(英文版)》2010,20(3):417-430

The Holocene Megathermal is divided into early,middle and late periods,each having different impacts on the Neolithic cultures due to their different climate changing trends.This study is based on a comparative analysis of the environmental evolution information recorded in the Qinghai Lake,the western edge of the Loess Plateau and Zoige and the spatial distribution of Neolithic sites of the Gansu-Qinghai region.Results show that the early and middle periods towards warm and humid promoted the development o...  相似文献   

The impacts of climate change on the Neolithic cultures of Gansu-Qinghai region during the late Holocene Megathermal     

LIU Fenggui  ZHANG Yili  FENG Zhaodong  HOU Guangliang  ZHOU Qiang  ZHANG Haifeng 《地理学报》2010,20(3):417-430

The Holocene Megathermal is divided into early, middle and late periods, each having different impacts on the Neolithic cultures due to their different climate changing trends. This study is based on a comparative analysis of the environmental evolution information recorded in the Qinghai Lake, the western edge of the Loess Plateau and Zoige and the spatial distribution of Neolithic sites of the Gansu-Qinghai region. Results show that the early and middle periods towards warm and humid promoted the development of Neolithic cultures with agriculture as the main sector in the Gansu-Qinghai region, furthermore a heyday of Yangshao Culture prosperity emerged. The Holocene entered the late period after the cold climate event at 5.9 ka BP in the Gansu-Qinghai region. Later the climate began to turn cold. However, at the 5.8–4.2 ka BP a relatively stable warm and humid climate created the conditions for the development of Majiayao Culture of the Neolithic Age in this region, thus the distribution of its cultural heritage sites expanded towards high altitudes and high latitudes. From 4.2 ka BP onwards, the climate became cold and dry, which had a significant influence on the Neolithic cultures of the Gansu-Qinghai region, leading to a dramatic change in the cultural characters and spatial distribution of Qijia Culture around 4.2 ka BP. After a nearly 300 years of cold and dry period, the unified Neolithic farming culture completely collapsed. Afterwards an industrial division of animal husbandry and farming and regional multiple cultures formed, and ultimately led to the end of primitive society and the starting of a civilized society.  相似文献