罕遇地震下空心薄壁高墩大跨T形刚构桥弹塑性地震反应分析          下载免费PDF全文

李林 《地震工程学报》2013,35(1):56-61

利用大型结构分析软件建立了空心薄壁高墩大跨T形刚构桥的空间抗震有限元模型,运用非线性动态时程反应方法进行了高烈度地震区罕遇地震作用下的弹塑性地震反应计算,并与线性时程法和反应谱法的计算结果进行了对比.同时对该结构的延性抗震性能进行了分析评价.结果表明空心薄壁高墩T形刚构铁路桥在罕遇地震下处于较弱的非线性受力状态,其受到的损伤仍然很小,具有较好的抗震能力,结构考虑非线性塑性反应后的地震力与弹性相比明显减小.  相似文献   

钢筋混凝土框架结构基于性能和可靠度的抗震优化设计     

郭彤  顾羽 《地震工程与工程振动》2013,33(4):109-118

基于可靠度理论的概率极限状态设计法是结构设计的基本法则之一,而新一代"基于性能的地震工程"要求在性能化设计中尚应考虑随机因素的影响。为获得满足预设性能水准和可靠度指标的最优方案,以钢筋混凝土框架结构为例,根据其在不同性能水准下的位移需求,采用非线性随机有限元方法求解结构的抗震可靠度,并将可靠度指标作为约束条件,以总造价为优化目标,提出了一种基于性能和可靠度的抗震优化设计方法。其中,可靠度计算以OpenSees为平台,并采用基于梯度分析的FORM有限元法。优化分析以MATLAB为平台,通过程序调用,实现了与可靠度分析之间的数据通讯。算例分析表明,模拟退火算法在本问题中较遗传算法具有更高全局搜索能力和计算精度。研究成果可为新一代基于性能和可靠度的优化设计提供参考。  相似文献   

摩擦型阻尼填充墙单元的设计及性能试验研究     

周云  郭阳照  杨冠男  廖奕发 《地震工程与工程振动》2013,33(4)

基于阻尼填充墙的构造与原理,设计一种以低强度薄层砂浆为阻尼层的摩擦型阻尼填充墙单元(FDIWU)构造方案.通过对三榀砌块类型不同的FDIWU试件进行拟静力试验,研究FDIWU的力学性能.试验结果表明:(1)以低强度薄层砂浆为阻尼层的FDIWU的构造和原理是可行的,能成功实现“砌体单元平动,不破坏”的预期机制和设计目标.(2)以低强度薄层砂浆为阻尼层的FDIWU具有较大的初始刚度;起滑后,刚度明显降低.(3)以低强度薄层砂浆为阻尼层的FDIWU耗能机理明确,耗能能力强.(4)用不同类型砌块砌筑的FDIWU的承载力、刚度、强度退化及变形特性基本相同,耗能性能有差别.用表面较为粗糙的砌块砌筑的FDIWU的耗能能力较强.  相似文献   

芦山7.0级地震单层砖柱排架厂房震害特征及抗震分析     

孙柏涛  王明振  闫培雷  张昊宇  陈相兆 《地震工程与工程振动》2013,33(3)

单层砖柱排架厂房是我国中小企业生产用房的主要形式,目前此类结构仍广泛存在于经济欠发达的地区。历次地震震害资料表明,单层砖柱排架厂房在地震中比较容易损坏。本文通过对芦山地震中单层砖柱排架厂房的震害现场调查,总结了单层砖柱排架厂房的震害特征并分析其破坏原因;统计了几次地震中单层砖柱排架厂房的震害资料,给出了修正的未设防单层砖柱排架厂房地震易损性矩阵;最后,采用了逐步回归法,柱顶位移角法及模糊震害指数法分别对单层砖柱排架厂房进行震害预测,并将各种方法的震害预测结果与实际震害情况进行了对比分析。本文研究对认识该类结构的易损性、震害机理和抗震薄弱部位,指导抗震加固有着重要意义。  相似文献   

芦山7.O级地震中钢筋混凝土框架结构震害分析     

公茂盛  杨永强  谢礼立 《地震工程与工程振动》2013,33(3)

2013年4月20日四川芦山7.0级地震给震区建筑结构造成了严重破坏.本文选择不同烈度区典型震害的钢筋混凝土框架结构,介绍了结构梁柱、填充墙、其他附属构件及地基等的破坏特点,分析了各类震害特征与破坏机理.结果显示,钢筋混凝土框架结构在本次地震中表现出了良好的抗震性能,除了极震区个别建筑框架柱发生了结构性破坏外,地震区绝大部分均为非结构性破坏,如填充墙及其他附属构件破坏,且大部分破坏不影响结构框架承重体系继续使用.最后针对该次地震中钢筋混凝土框架结构存在的主要问题,给出了一些钢筋混凝土框架结构设计与建设改进建议.  相似文献   

Effects of material variability on the ductility of composite beams and overstrength coefficients     

Srour Nofal  Hugues Somja  Mohammed Hjiaj  Quang Huy Nguyen 《地震工程与结构动力学》2013,42(7):953-972

The aim of this paper is to investigate the plastic rotation capacity of composite beams as well as the overstrength factors for composite joints considering the actual European steel production. It relies on the statistical data of the mechanical properties of steel profiles and reinforcement bars produced in several European steel mills that have been collected during the European research project OPUS. Several steel and composite structures have been designed following the EN 1998 rules, and the effect of the statistical distribution of the steel properties on the design has been analyzed. In such structures, the first attainment of the rotation capacity is expected to happen in the hogging region. The plastic rotation capacity was evaluated using the so‐called standard beam concept. The moment–rotation curve was constructed by joining together the pre‐buckling branch, determined using a fiber model, and the post‐buckling part derived by considering the local plastic failure mechanism as suggested by Gioncu. A program in MATLAB (MATLAB version 7.10.0. Natick, Massachusetts: The MathWorks Inc., 2010) was developed to establish such curve for arbitrary composite beams. The predictions of the model compare favorably against the experimental results. On the basis of the probabilistic model for the mechanical properties of steel, we derive the statistical distribution of the maximum rotation defined at the intersection of the pre‐buckling and post‐buckling curves. Next, we estimate the so‐called overstrength factors. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构抗震性能研究进展（Ⅱ）：结构性能研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李爱群  王维  贾洪  潘志宏  吴晓莉 《地震学刊》2013,(6):736-742

阐述了预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构抗震性能研究的重要性和预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构抗震性能研究的最新进展。综述了国内外预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构设计规范以及设计方法的研究进展。指出常规预制装配式钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构的抗震性能较差,在地震作用下,主要靠结构构件连接处的损伤和结构构件损坏来消耗能量;无粘结后张拉预应力预制混凝土剪力墙结构,在地震作用下具有自恢复中心能力和良好的抗震能力,但该结构体系的耗能能力不足。认为在预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构中设置耗能减震元件,或将预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构设计成隔震结构,将有效提高预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构的抗震性能。该类预制装配式剪力墙结构的抗震性能有待于进一步研究。  相似文献   

Geochemical impact of a low-pH cement liner on the near field of a repository for spent fuel and high-level radioactive waste     

《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2013

In Switzerland the geological storage in the Opalinus Clay formation is the preferred option for the disposal of spent fuel (SF) and high-level radioactive waste (HLW). The waste will be encapsulated in steel canisters and emplaced into long tunnels that are backfilled with bentonite. Due to uncertainties in the depth of the repository and the associated stress state, a concrete liner might be used for support of emplacement tunnels.Numerical reactive transport calculations are presented that investigate the influence of a concrete liner on the adjacent barrier materials, namely bentonite and Opalinus Clay. The geochemical setup was tailored to the specific materials foreseen in the Swiss repository concept, namely MX-80 bentonite, low-pH concrete (ESDRED) and Opalinus Clay. The heart of the bentonite model is a new conceptual approach for representing thermodynamic properties of montmorillonite which is formulated as a multi-component solid solution comprised of several end-members.The presented calculations provide information on the extent of pH fronts, on the sequence and extent of mineral phase transformations, and on porosity changes on cement–clay interfaces. It was found that the thickness of the zone containing significant mineralogical alterations is at most a few tens of centimeters thick in both the bentonite and the Opalinus Clay adjacent to the liner. Near both interfaces, bentonite–concrete liner and concrete liner–Opalinus Clay, the precipitation of minerals causes a reduction in the porosity. The effect is more pronounced and faster at the concrete liner–Opalinus Clay interface. The simulations reveal that significant pH-changes (i.e. pH > 9) in bentonite and Opalinus Clay are limited to small zones, less than 10 cm thick at the end of the simulations. It is not to be expected that the zone of elevated pH will extend much further at longer times.  相似文献   

一种基于TD-SCDMA上行同步序列的测距方法     

姚佳佳  卢晓春  邹德才 《时间频率学报》2012,35(3):163-168

针对时分同步码分多址复用(TD-SCDMA)系统物理层信息帧结构,利用上行同步序列(SYNC-UL)在帧结构中的固定位置,结合上行同步序列良好的相关特性,提出了一种简单、有效地估算移动终端与基站之间距离的方法。通过对空间信道环境、空间传播信号以及测距方法的仿真研究表明,基于TD-SCDMA上行同步序列的测距方法在不改变帧结构的前提下能够进行精确测距,计算结果可用于进行视距与非视距信号的判别,进而可用于确定移动终端位置。  相似文献   

Structure analysis for concrete‐faced rockfill dams based on information entropy theory and finite element method     

Huaizhi Su  Jiang Hu  Zhiping Wen 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2012,36(8):1041-1055

Numerical simulation methods are extensively used to analyze the stress and displacement of concrete‐faced rockfill dams (CFRD). The results of these methods are influenced by fuzzy factors, i.e. geometric features, material properties, loads and boundary conditions, which exist widely in the engineering of CFRD as a kind of commonly uncertain factor. To solve this problem, the information entropy theory and the conventional method of structure analysis, namely, finite element method (FEM), were combined in this work. Information entropy, as an effective tool of measuring uncertainty, was used to represent the uncertainty of CFRD. Based on the model that can transform fuzzy information entropy into random information entropy, fuzzy structure can be transformed into equivalent random structure, then mechanical characteristics of CFRD were analyzed by well‐developed stochastic FEM. As an example, one CFRD was chosen to analyze the structure, and the result shows that this method is effective. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献