Scattering of waves by subterranean structures via the boundary element method     

António J.B. Tadeu  Eduardo Kausel  Christos Vrettos 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》1996,15(6):387-397

The boundary element method (BEM) is used to study the two-dimensional wave field generated when buried structures of arbitrary shape (i.e. inclusions) in an elastic medium are illuminated (or insonified) by dynamic line sources. Both steady-state responses and time-domain transients are presented. The problem is formulated in the frequency domain by means of appropriate Green's functions. The evaluation of the singular integrals is achieved (and to the best of the writers' knowledge, for the first time in the technical literature) in analytical form, which results in improvements in computational efficiency and accuracy. Closed-form solutions for regular geometries are then used to validate the method. The interaction of two cavities, the formation of shadow zones by inclusions and the complexity of the scattered field from bodies with irregular shapes are used as examples to demonstrate the versatility of the method. The responses computed in the time domain were invariably found to be causal, even for non-convex domains, which belies a recent assertion by some researchers that the application of boundary element methods to concave domains is associated with non-causal effects.  相似文献   

Two－Dimensional　Model　of　Hydraulic　Fracturing　in　Geosciences：Effects　of　Fluid　Buoyancy     

Yoshito Nakashima  Mitsuhiro Toriumi 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》1996,(2)

Ｔｗｏ－ＤｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌＭｏｄｅｌｏｆＨｙｄｒａｕｌｉｃＦｒａｃｔｕｒｉｎｇｉｎＧｅｏｓｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ：Ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ　ｏｆ　Ｆｌｕｉｄ　ＢｕｏｙａｎｃｙＹｏｓｈｉｔｏＮａｋａｓｈｉｍａ；ＭｉｔｓｕｈｉｒｏＴｏｒｉｕｍｉ（ＧｅｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＩ...  相似文献   

秦岭造山带泥盆纪三级构造热水沉积成矿盆地主控因素——大型—超大型矿床集中区研究(Ⅰ)     

胡瑞忠  方维萱 《大地构造与成矿学》2001,25(1)

从系统学和协同学角度研究分析了秦岭造山带泥盆纪三级构造热水沉积成矿盆地的主控因素。认为三级构造热水沉积成矿盆地是受诸多因素控制的一个构造—热水成岩成矿系统 (一种非线性、自组织系统 )。秦岭深部岩石圈地幔近南北向收缩与佛坪大陆热点构造 ( hotspot)的耦合 ,引发陆壳浅部发生近东西向伸展 ,触发热水 (能 )从深部向陆壳浅部大规模运移。近东西向高序次同生断裂控制一级沉积盆地的形成与演化。不同级次的同生断裂是控盆—成盆的主控因素 ,低序次 NE向、NW向和 SN向同生断裂是秦岭造山带泥盆纪三级构造热水沉积成矿盆地的主控因素 ,也是热水喷流进入盆地的构造通道。三级构造沉积盆地为热水成岩成矿系统发生大规模聚集成矿提供了构造空间  相似文献   

Wavefield smoothing and the effect of rough velocity perturbations on arrival times and amplitudes   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

Roel Snieder  Anthony Lomax 《Geophysical Journal International》1996,125(3):796-812

Geometric ray theory is an extremely efficient tool for modelling wave propagation through heterogeneous media. Its use is, however, only justified when the inhomogeneity satisfies certain smoothness criteria. These criteria are often not satisfied, for example in wave propagation through turbulent media. In this paper, the effect of velocity perturbations on the phase and amplitude of transient wavefields is investigated for the situation that the velocity perturbation is not necessarily smooth enough to justify the use of ray theory. It is shown that the phase and amplitude perturbations of transient arrivals can to first order be written as weighted averages of the velocity perturbation over the first Fresnel zone. The resulting averaging integrals are derived for a homogeneous reference medium as well as for inhomogeneous reference media where the equations of dynamic ray tracing need to be invoked. The use of the averaging integrals is illustrated with a numerical example. This example also shows that the derived averaging integrals form a useful starting point for further approximations. The fact that the delay time due to the velocity perturbation can be expressed as a weighted average over the first Fresnel zone explains the success of tomographic inversions schemes that are based on ray theory in situations where ray theory is strictly not justified; in that situation one merely collapses the true sensitivity function over the first Fresnel zone to a line integral along a geometric ray.  相似文献   

Estimation of high-frequency wave radiation areas on the fault plane by the envelope inversion of acceleration seismograms   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yasumaro Kakehi  Kojiro Irikura 《Geophysical Journal International》1996,125(3):892-900

  相似文献   

Estimation of finite-frequency waveforms through wavelength-dependent averaging of velocity     

Anthony Lomax  Roel Snieder 《Geophysical Journal International》1996,126(2):369-381

  相似文献   

台风涡旋的结构及其与台风运动的关系     

李小凡 《热带气象学报》1996,12(4):314-323

用ＦＳＵ区域模式讨论台风涡旋结构及其与运动的关系，台风涡旋的运动在无基本环流和β平面条件下取决于轴不对称环流。而不对称环流的发展源自于从对称环流动能的转换。其率取决对称环流，不对称环流和地球涡度经向梯度三者的相互作用。由于不对称环流动能产生率随高度不变，故台风作为一个统一体以相同的移速移动。不对称环流的径向结构取决于对称环流的径向结构。  相似文献   

THE ROLE OF THE MERIDIONAL CIRCULATION IN STATIONARY WAVE PROPAGATION     

Song Yan  Miao Jinhai 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1996,10(4):453-462

In a general baroclinic atmosphere,when the basic state includes meridional circulation,the sta-tionary waves might not only pass through the equatorial easterlies,but also strengthen significantly.The orographic forcing in the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitude might cause marked responses in thelow latitude atmosphere.This suggests that the meridional circulation plays an important role in theconnection of stationary responses in mid and low latitudes,and so does the heating forcing in theNorthern Hemisphere mid-latitude.Forced by the heating forcing in the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitude,the features similar to the Northern Hemisphere summer monsoon circulation can be ob-tained.It appears that the meridional circulation plays certain role in the formation of summer mon-soon circulation.The heating anomaly forcing located at the eastern equatorial Pacific makes the sta-tionary waves present PNA(Pacific-North America)pattern in the winter hemisphere,but it doesnot in the summer hemisphere.It suggests that the meridional circulation has a marked influence onthe route of stationary wave propagation both in the winter and summer hemispheres.  相似文献   

空中人工引发雷电的正负先导特征研究   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3  

张义军  刘欣生  王才伟  肖庆复  张广庶  董万胜  周良才  钟定珠  樊灵孟  陈明理  王道洪  渡边贞司 《高原气象》2001,20(1):6-13

通过对 1998年 8月 2 2日空中引发雷电先导过程的光、电观测资料的综合分析发现 ,在空中引发雷电的先导系统中存在三个先导过程。①向下发展的负先导在起始阶段呈小阶梯特征 ,阶梯之间的时间间隔约为 2 0 μs ,阶梯的上升时间小于 1μs,随着负先导的下行发展 ,梯级增长。②金属导线上端向上发展的正先导在负先导接地之后 ,表现出明显的阶梯特性 ,阶梯之间的时间间隔平均为 15 μs。③从地面向上发展的连接正先导由多个振荡脉冲组成 ,脉冲之间的时间间隔约为 13μs,连接先导的发展也是梯级的。电场快变化中的高频分量随着距离的增加衰减很快。最强的发光是由向下的负先导接地时形成的小回击产生的 ,强光只集中在空气离化而形成的放电通道部分 ,光强则随着高度的增加很快衰减 ,其传播速度约为 2 .1× 10 8m·s-1。在小回击发生之前 ,向下发展的负先导在接地之前有较强的发光 ,而金属导线上端向上发展的正先导没有明显的发光。在小回击发生之后 ,金属导线上端向上正先导的发光强度被增强 ,其向上的传播速度约为 2 .4× 10 6m·s-1。金属导线部分在小回击发生之后约 2 2 0μs逐渐开始熔化发出强光 ,并向上发展而与前面向上发展的正先导的发光相并合 ,其传播速度约为 1× 10 6m·s-1  相似文献   

ANALYSIS ON CHARACTERISTICS OF ATMOSPHERIC DUCT AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE PROPAGATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姚展予  赵柏林  李万彪  朱元竞  杜金林  戴福山 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2001,(2)

On the basis of introducing the basic categories of atmospheric refraction and their existingconditions,the forming processes of three kinds of atmospheric ducts are expounded.Several maincharacteristics of atmospheric duct are summarized and analyzed,and field sounding data from theWEstern North-Pacific cloud-radiation EXperiment(WENPEX)and meteorological data aroundthe Xisha sea area are used to validate these characteristics.Meanwhile the sensitivities of theevaporation duct height to the variations of atmospheric humidity.the air-sea temperaturedifference.and horizontal wind speed are examined.With the analysis of the effect of atmosphericduct on the propagation of electromagnetic wave.the maximum trapped-wavelength and the criticalemitting angle of elevation for electromagnetic wave which can form duct propagation are derived.At the same time the four kinds of necessary conditions for electromagnetic wave to form ductpropagation are brought forward.The effects of atmospheric duct on ultrashort wave propagation,radar observation.short wave communication etc.are also discussed.  相似文献