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41.
非平稳空间相关多点地震动合成方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据地震波的传播特点,在现有的非平稳空间相关多点地震动合成方法的基础上进行了改进。通过修正随机相位角,使生成的多点地震动在局部场地上具有收敛性。给出了未知和已知相位差谱统计规律2种情况下非平稳多点地震动的合成方法。进一步提出了基于实际地震纪录的空间相关多点地震动合成方法。这些方法可用于大尺度结构的多点输入分析。 相似文献
42.
Morlet 小波用于环境激励下的模态参数识别研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文分别从卷积和Parseval定理的角度推导了非正交小波变换系数的实用计算方法。在环境激励下以互相关函数代替系统的自由响应数据,给出了基于Morlet小波变换的频率、阻尼比的参数识别方法,重点介绍了基于最小二乘法的振型识别技术。采用2层楼仿真算例和潮白河桥应用实例验证本算法,识别结果表明基于Morlet小波变换的模态参数识别技术能够有效地识别出环境激励下系统的模态参数。 相似文献
43.
《水文科学杂志》2013,58(3)
Abstract Abstract Generating pulses and then converting them into flow are two main steps of daily streamflow generation. Three pulse generation models have been proposed on the basis of Markov chains for the purpose of generating daily intermittent streamflow time series in this study. The first one is based on two two-state Markov chains, whereas the second uses a three-state Markov chain. The third model uses harmonic analysis and fits Fourier series to the three-state Markov chain. Results for a daily intermittent streamflow data series show a good performance of the proposed models. 相似文献
44.
Emile A. Okal 《Natural Hazards》1988,1(1):67-96
We present a review of the influence of various parameters of the sources of major oceanic earthquakes on the amplitude of tsunamis at transoceanic distances. We base our computations on the normal mode formalism, applied to realistic Earth models, but interpret our principal results in the simpler framework of Haskell theory in the case of a water layer over a Poisson half-space. Our results show that source depth and focal geometry play only a limited role in controlling the amplitude of the tsunami; their combined influence reaches at most 1 order of magnitude down to a depth of 150 km into the hard rock. More important are the effects of directivity due to rupture propagation along the fault, which for large earthquakes can result in a ten-fold decrease in tsunami amplitude by destructive interference, and the possibility of enhanced tsunami excitation in material with weaker elastic properties, such as sedimentary layers. Modelling of the so-called tsunami earthquakes suggests that an event for which 10% of the moment release takes place in sediments generates a tsunami 10 times larger than its seismic moment would suggest. We also investigate the properties of non-double couple sources and find that their relative excitation of tsunamis and Rayleigh waves is in general comparable to that of regular seismic sources. In particular, landslides involving weak sediments could result in very large tsunamis. Finally, we emphasize that the final amplitude at a receiving shore can be strongly affected by focusing and defocusing effects, due to variations in bathymetry along the path of the tsunami. 相似文献
45.
Frictional heat generation and seismic radiation in a foam rubber model of earthquakes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Results from a study of stick-slip particle motion at the interface between two stressed foam rubber blocks indicate that normal vibrations and interface separation are an important part of the stick-slip process in foam rubber. The dimension of the dynamic slip pulse is small compared to the dimension of the model (approximately 10 cm vs. 200 cm) consistent with the abrupt-locking slip pulse model ofBrune (1970, 1976), andHeaton (1990). A comparison of frictional heat generation between stable-sliding and stick-slip foam rubber models indicates a linear relation between the temperature increase on the fault surface (for a given distance of slip) and the driving shear force for the stable-sliding model, while for the stick-slip model there is essentially no variation in frictional heat generation with an increase in shear stress. We performed experiments to investigate the ratio of normal motion to shear motion at different levels of normal stress in the stick-slip foam rubber model. Preliminary result indicate that the normal component of the particle motion increases more rapidly with increasing normal stress than the shear component. The phenomenon of interface separation and normal vibrations may thus explain some of the most frustrating problems in earthquake mechanics, e.g., the heat flow paradox, the long-term weakness of major active faults, and anomalousP-wave radiation. 相似文献
46.
Calculation and comparative study of the chlorophyll fluorescence ratio F685/F735 in brown algae (Laminaria japonica, Underia pinnatifida and Padina crassa) excited by blue and green light showed that the fluorescence ratios were higher when the algae were excited by blue light (440 nm), but reduced obviously under green light (540 nm) excitation. The values also reduced under dehydration but could recover during rehydration if the stress was not serious. The variation of the fluorescence ratio under dehydration was mainly because changes in fluorescence emission at 735 nm were always sharper than those at 685 nm. The ratio was sensitive to stress and has potential as a stress indicator in phycological research. Measurement of the fluorescence excitation spectra showed that the only peak at 540 hm changed apparently during dehydration. It meant that the function of the Chl a /Fucoxanthin protein complex for energy transfer was easily inhibited by water stress. However, no variation of the ratio was foun 相似文献
47.
于海力 《地震工程与工程振动》2005,25(5):177-180
本文介绍一种新的现场试验方式:三点激振,研究了在不同类型起振机、不同形状振动基础条件下的人工地震增油技术,观察了增油效果。 相似文献
48.
Lightning optical pulse statistics from storm overflights during the Altus Cumulus Electrification Study 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
D.M. Mach R.J. Blakeslee J.C. Bailey W.M. Farrell R.A. Goldberg M.D. Desch J.G. Houser 《Atmospheric Research》2005,76(1-4):386
The Altus Cumulus Electrification Study (ACES) was conducted during the month of August 2002 in an area near Key West, Florida. One of the goals of this uninhabited aerial vehicle (UAV) study was to collect time resolved optical pulse data from thunderstorms. During the month long campaign, we acquired 5256 lightning generated optical pulses. Most of these observations were made while quite close to the top of the storms. We divided our data into two amplitude groups based on prior NASA U2 aircraft optical data and the pulse characteristics. The group of strong pulses with radiance greater than 2.1 mW m− 2 sr− 1 had mean and median 10–10% optical pulse widths of 770 and 740 μs, respectively, 50–50% pulse widths of 399 and 355 μs, respectively, and 10–90% risetimes of 292 and 260 μs. These values are very similar to the previous U2 based optical results The other group of pulses consisting of slightly more than a quarter of the total pulses observed had radiances less than the minimum values detected in the U2 study. These weak pulses were narrower than the strong pulses with 50–50% mean and median values of 199 and 160 μs, respectively. Only 12% of the flashes observed contained only weak pulses. The source of these weak pulses is unknown, but we suspect that some are artifacts of the close proximity of the aircraft to cloud top. 相似文献
49.
Analysis of kinematic seismic response of tapered piles 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Mahmoud Ghazavi 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2007,25(1):37-44
In the present work, a two-phase analysis is used to assess the lateral movement of a tapered pile due to kinematic seismic
loading resulted from earthquakes. First, the free-field horizontal displacement of the ground due to earthquake is estimated
using available theory of wave propagation. Second, these estimated soil movements are imposed on the taper pile in a closed-form
solution to compute the pile response. The governing differential equation for an arbitrary pile segment is obtained, which
includes the free-field horizontal movement estimated from the first phase. The equation is solved explicitly to obtain the
horizontal deflection. Parametric studies show that tapered piles tend to be more flexible than uniform piles of the same
volume and length under earthquake loading, which is soundly interesting. 相似文献
50.