湖南省重要矿产资源“三率”调查与评价     

朱洪 《国土资源导刊(湖南)》2015,(1):60-70

本文根据湖南省煤炭、铁、锰、铜、铅、锌、钨、锡、锑、钼、金、磷、硫铁矿、萤石和石膏等15种重要矿产"三率"(开采回采率、选矿回收率、综合利用率)的综合调查情况,对15种重要矿产的"三率"现状、技术工艺情况和废石尾矿利用状况作出评价。  相似文献   

基于插件技术的双船实时状态观测系统设计与实现     

郑贵洲  董文观  胡家赋  曾凡祥 《海洋技术学报》2015,34(1):94-99

在双船地震勘探中,双船间距控制及电缆形态实时显示是十分重要的。文中详细介绍了双船实时状态观测系统的方法基础和实现过程。在研究了大椭圆航法的大地主题反解模型的基础上,建立了双船距离控制预警模型。系统采用插件技术进行框架设计,基于.NET Framework、Arc GIS Engine SDK平台,并通过插件接口定制、插件动态加载及插件消息传递等机制实现了工程管理、设备管理、测线管理、双船监控、设置、常用工具、模式、视图8个功能模块。视图部分可设置正常视图、偏移视图、电缆视图、距离监控视图、主副船监控视图、主副船文本视图6个显示视图。海试表明系统能够对双船间距进行有效控制和对电缆形态进行实时显示,并能够长时间稳定运行,极大提高了地震勘探数据采集的质量和精度。  相似文献   

丁香酚对大西洋鲑麻醉效果的实验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

李靖  刘宝良  王顺奎  于凯松  刘鹰 《海洋科学进展》2015,33(1)

本文首先测定了在14~15℃10min浸浴使不同规格的大西洋鲑进入麻醉状态的丁香酚质量浓度及其半致死浓度(LC50)。结果显示,使均重为99,153,375g以上的大西洋鲑进入麻醉状态的丁香酚质量浓度分别为11,10,9mg/L;10min浸浴LC50的95%置信区间为(56.5,61.6)mg/L。基于上述实验的结果,进一步研究了丁香酚质量浓度、浸浴时间、温度及实验生物规格对麻醉效果的影响。实验表明,提高丁香酚质量浓度和延长浸浴时间能有效延长大西洋鲑的复苏时间,在50mg/L丁香酚质量浓度下浸浴12min,可将其复苏时间延长至14~19min,是运输、转运过程中的理想麻醉条件。本研究对鱼类活体转运及其他处理过程中所需麻醉策略的制定具有重要的参考价值和指导意义。  相似文献   

Microbial deposits in the aftermath of the end‐Permian mass extinction: A diverging case from the Mineral Mountains (Utah,USA)          下载免费PDF全文

Emmanuelle Vennin  Nicolas Olivier  Arnaud Brayard  Ivan Bour  Christophe Thomazo  Gilles Escarguel  Emmanuel Fara  Kevin G. Bylund  James F. Jenks  Daniel A. Stephen  Richard Hofmann 《Sedimentology》2015,62(3):753-792

The Lower Triassic Mineral Mountains area (Utah, USA) preserves diversified Smithian and Spathian reefs and bioaccumulations that contain fenestral‐microbialites and various benthic and pelagic organisms. Ecological and environmental changes during the Early Triassic are commonly assumed to be associated with numerous perturbations (productivity changes, acidifica‐tion, redox changes, hypercapnia, eustatism and temperature changes) post‐dating the Permian–Triassic mass extinction. New data acquired in the Mineral Mountains sediments provide evidence to decipher the relationships between depositional environments and the growth and distribution of microbial structures. These data also help to understand better the controlling factors acting upon sedimentation and community turnovers through the Smithian–early Spathian. The studied section records a large‐scale depositional sequence during the Dienerian(?)–Spathian interval. During the transgression, depositional environments evolved from a coastal bay with continental deposits to intertidal fenestral–microbial limestones, shallow subtidal marine sponge–microbial reefs to deep subtidal mud‐dominated limestones. Storm‐induced deposits, microbialite–sponge reefs and shallow subtidal deposits indicate the regression. Three microbialite associations occur in ascending order: (i) a red beds microbialite association deposited in low‐energy hypersaline supratidal conditions where microbialites consist of microbial mats and poorly preserved microbially induced sedimentary structure; (ii) a Smithian microbialite association formed in moderate to high‐energy, tidal conditions where microbialites include stromatolites and associated carbonate grains (oncoids, ooids and peloids); and (iii) a Spathian microbialite association developed in low‐energy offshore conditions that is preserved as multiple decimetre thick isolated domes and coalescent domes. Data indicate that the morphologies of the three microbialite associations are controlled primarily by accommodation, hydrodynamics, bathymetry and grain supply. This study suggests that microbial constructions are controlled by changes between trapping and binding versus precipitation processes in variable hydrodynamic conditions. Due to the presence of numerous metazoans associated with microbialites throughout the Smithian increase in accommodation and Spathian decrease in accommodation, the commonly assumed anachronistic character of the Early Triassic microbialites and the traditional view of prolonged deleterious conditions during the Early Triassic time interval is questioned.  相似文献   

稠油热采储层渗流屏障特征--以辽河西部凹陷某试验区于楼油层为例     

陈欢庆  梁淑贤  荐鹏  杜宜静  王珏  樊涛 《沉积学报》2015,33(3):616-624

渗流屏障为储层系统内遮挡流体渗流的岩体。以辽河西部凹陷某试验区于楼油层为例, 综合地质、400口井测井资料、6口取芯井岩芯资料、10口典型井水分析资料等多种资料, 详细研究了目的层渗流屏障的分类、发育规律以及对稠油热采储层开发的影响。从成因角度将研究区目的层扇三角洲前缘储层渗流屏障划分为沉积渗流屏障、成岩渗流屏障和封闭性断层渗流屏障等3种类型, 其中沉积渗流屏障占主导地位。受沉积作用控制, 沉积渗流屏障大体呈北东南西向条带状展布, 主要位于水下分流河道间泥和水下分流河道间砂的位置。从北西向南东方向, 随着与物源区距离逐渐增加, 沉积物粒度逐渐变小, 渗流屏障的发育程度也逐渐增强。渗流屏障的存在使得蒸汽驱热采过程中蒸汽的推进路径复杂化, 并进一步降低了蒸汽驱的热效率和经济有效性。渗流屏障的存在对分层注汽等开发措施的实施也具有十分重要的影响。  相似文献   

Increased colluvial hollow discharge and subsequent recovery after a low intensity wildfire in the Blue Ridge Mountains,USA     

Liam C. Stiefel  Susannah C. Cooley  Bradley G. Johnson 《水文研究》2021,35(1):e13971

Wildfires in mountainous regions have been documented to enhance water repellent soils which can increase runoff, erosion, and sedimentation during subsequent rain events. However, the extent of soil hydrophobicity and water repellency varies significantly with burn severity and between ecosystems, and the southern Appalachians remain an understudied region. Here we examine the impact of the low severity Chestnut Knob Fire, which occurred in the fall 2016, on soil properties and runoff in South Mountains State Park. To examine these impacts, we installed crest-stage gauges in burned (n = 10) and unburned (n = 8) colluvial hollows to compare peak runoff. Results from the 2017 field season indicated that burned locations produced significantly higher peak discharges than unburned sites. From July 2019 to January 2020, we repeated the experiment and found that burned areas produced runoff comparable to unburned areas. Examination of soil profiles during the summer of 2017 found high variability in hydrophobicity in both the burned (n = 10) and unburned (n = 2) soils. Further, we found that burned soils had significantly deflated organic surface horizons compared with unburned soils. We interpret the differences in runoff in 2017 to be the result of a combination of increased hydrophobicity and decreased soil moisture storage capacity in organic rich surface soils. While the recovery we observed here was relatively fast, it is important to understand that increased runoff immediately after a fire likely increases the chances of sediment mobilization and debris flow occurrence.  相似文献   

Assessment of Diversity, Distribution, Conservation Status and Preparation of Management Plan for Medicinal Plants in the Catchment Area of Parbati Hydroelectric Project Stage -Ⅲ in Northwestern Himalaya     

S.S. Samlant Jitendra S. Butola Aman Sharma 《山地科学学报》2007,4(1):34-56

The developmental activities, particularly the construction of hydroelectric projects are causing a great loss of biodiversity in the Indian Himalayan Region. The Himachal Pradesh, a part of IHR is well known for the development of hydroelectric projects. The Parbati H.E. Project is amongst the major projects of the State. The different stages of the project are all causing loss of biodiversity of the area. Stage Ⅲ of the Parbati H.E. Project is a run of the river scheme on the Sainj River downstream of Power House of Parbati H.E. Project Stage Ⅱ. The project shall utilize regulated discharge of Parbati H.E. Project Stage Ⅱ and inflow of River Sainj for power generation, and has been contemplated as a peaking station operating in tandem with Stage Ⅱ. The present study has been undertaken to see the impact of hydroelectric project on the biodiversity, particularly on medicinal plants. A total of 104 species of medicinal plants, belonging to different life forms, i.e., trees (23 spp.), shrubs (22 spp.), herbs (57 spp.) and ferns (2 spp.) were recorded. The species have been analyzed and studied for their distribution, classification, altitudinal zones, part (s) used, indigenous uses, nativity, endemism and rarity.Different parts of these species, such as whole plants, roots (including rhizomes and tubers), leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, stems, barks, spikes, nuts and insect galls are used by the inhabitants for curing various diseases and ailments. 30 species are native to the Himalayan region, 9 species native to the Himalayan region and adjacent countries also and 65 species are non-natives. 9 species are near endemics. Considering the whole Himalaya as a biogeographic unit (sensu lato), the near endemics are endemic to the Himalaya. Among these species, Zanthoxylum armatum is categorized as Endangered and Valeriana wallichii as Vulnerable. Hedychium spicatum, Rhus javanica, Berberis lycium, Thalictrum foliolossum, Salvia lanata, Rubia cordifolia and Bergenia ligulata may be considered as threatened species due to their over exploitation for trade. 90 species are propagated by seeds, 8 species by seeds and rhizomes/roots/tubers, 4 species by seeds and cuttings, and 2 species by sori. A management plan for the cultivation and conservation of the medicinal plants in the dam submergence area, and the commercially viable medicinal plants with high value in the catchment area is suggested.  相似文献   

论中国妇女法定婚龄的演变     

许浩 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(2):30-33

法律如何规定妇女的结婚年龄,是妇女社会地位变迁的重要标志。当妇女在社会劳动中发挥重要作用,社会地位提高时,她们的结婚年龄就规定得比较适当;当她们在社会劳动中作用被削弱,社会地位降低被当成生育的工具时,她们的结婚年龄也就规定得不适当。这种结婚年龄的变化,反映出了古代妇女社会地位的历史变迁。在注重妇女权益保护的现代社会,妇女法定婚龄的规定应当更加符合人性。  相似文献   

The nematodes of the Thames estuary: Assemblage structure and biodiversity, with a test of Attrill's linear model     

T.J. Ferrero  N.J. Debenham  P.J.D. Lambshead 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,79(3):409-418

Although many studies of Nematoda have been undertaken in estuarine systems, there are relatively few studies which have analysed the distribution of fauna across the entire salinity range from marine to freshwater conditions. The Thames estuary has a long history of anthropogenic impact and recovery, since it was described as “azoic” in the 1950s, which has been monitored primarily through studies of water quality and fish stocks, with less emphasis on macroinfauna and very little information on meiofaunal organisms. This study aimed to describe the nematode fauna at eight stations along the estuary from marine to freshwater conditions in order to assess patterns of density, diversity and species assemblage structure. Nematode density and diversity were generally lower in the middle reaches of the estuary, associated with the region of greatest salinity range, a pattern which was found to be in agreement with Attrill's [2002. A testable linear model for diversity trends in estuaries. Journal of Animal Ecology 71, 262–269] linear model. Multivariate analysis confirmed that each station supported a distinct nematode fauna, which could be used to identify five zones along the estuary related to salinity regime. Although alpha diversity at each station was relatively low, species turnover along the estuary resulted in relatively high gamma diversity (153 spp.) similar to that found in a number of European estuaries. The results of this study did not suggest that the nematode fauna was under significant stress from the lower levels of pollution currently found in the system. The potential routes for the recovery and re-colonization of the estuary since it most polluted days are discussed.  相似文献   

论中国妇女法定婚龄的演变     

许浩 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(2):30-33

法律如何规定妇女的结婚年龄，是妇女社会地位变迁的重要标志。当妇女在社会劳动中发挥重要作用，社会地位提高时，她们的结婚年龄就规定得比较适当；当她们在社会劳动中作用被削弱．社会地位降低被当成生育的工具时，她们的结婚年龄也就规定得不适当。这种结婚年龄的变化，反映出了古代妇女社会地位的历史变迁。在注重妇女权益保护的现代社会，妇女法定婚龄的规定应当更加符合人性。  相似文献