水资源优化配置的研究与展望     

崔起  于颖 《地下水》2007,29(6):21-23,28

目前全国水资源优化配置的研究依然停留在借鉴和摸索阶段,对水资源优化配置的主要任务、遵循的原则、配置方案以及未来的发展方向进行了探讨.  相似文献   

人工免疫系统在梯级水库群短期优化调度中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

左幸  马光文  徐刚  陶春华 《水科学进展》2007,18(2):277-281

免疫起源于抗感染的研究,是一种机体识别和排斥抗原性异物的生理功能。现代仿生技术将免疫应用到解决非线性优化问题中,形成了独特的人工免疫系统(AIS),AIS用抗体代表问题的可行解,用抗原代表问题的约束条件和目标函数,采用期望繁殖率来定义父体选择的概率进行随机搜索全局最优解。将AIS应用到梯级水库群短期(日)优化调度的研究中,经过对某梯级水库群的仿真计算,认为其结果是合理和可实际应用的。  相似文献   

基于RAGA的供水库群水资源配置模型研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

王德智  董增川  童芳 《水科学进展》2007,18(4):586-590

针对动态规划在供水库群优化调度中存在"维数灾",且难以获得真正最优解这一缺点,将改进的加速遗传算法应用到供水库群的水资源优化配置之中。在加速遗传算法中,嵌入局部搜索,以加强算法的全局寻优能力。以库群间的水利联系为线索,设计了相应的算法框架,并提出了供水策略区间的概念。为了体现该算法的优越性,以二个串联供水水库的水资源优化配置为例,选用该方法与基于动态规划的轮库迭代法进行比较研究。结果表明该方法合理可行、收敛速度快,有一定的实用性。  相似文献   

平原水库供水水源系统可靠性及风险分析方法     

谷秀英  曲兴辉  王立强 《水文》2007,27(1):26-29

本文通过建立模糊带权马尔柯夫链模型,预测径流量未来的丰枯变化情况,评价运行期供水水源系统的可靠性。以供水工程承担的供水外来负荷大于工程本身的承载能力的概率定义了平原水库供水水源系统的风险,阐述了供水水源系统风险分析及模拟方法。  相似文献   

青藏高原西北缘高原面与陡坡地貌形成过程的裂变径迹热年代学约束   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

黎敦朋 赵越胡健民  万景林李新林周小康  杜少喜潘燕兵 裴军令 《岩石学报》2007,23(5):900-910

对青藏高原西北缘高原内部和陡坡地貌带2个花岗岩体10件磷灰石裂变径迹年龄测定表明,高原内部大红柳滩—郭扎错逆冲断裂上盘磷灰石裂变径迹年龄为24.8±4.9～14.0±1.3Ma,此外,一个玄武岩烘烤的热事件年龄为7.9±0.8Ma;而陡坡地貌带的西昆仑中间逆冲断裂上盘的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄为2.9±0.5～0.9±0.3Ma。进一步的热历史模拟结果显示,高原内部自渐新世以来经历了2期隆升-剥露,分别是渐新世—早中新世(30～16Ma)和上新世以来(≤5Ma),而陡坡带只记录了晚中新世以来(≤8Ma)的隆升-剥露,暗示他们经历了不同的热演化历史。结合前人在该区的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄数据和野外地质现象,认为现今高原边缘陡坡地貌带可能是自晚中新世以来(≤8Ma)高原边界断裂伴有向塔里木盆地后展式叠瓦逆冲产生的构造抬升的结果;现今高原面有可能是由高原边界断裂系于大约5～2Ma以来强烈活动逐渐形成的,其隆升-剥蚀幅度>2000～3000m。这对自晚中新世以来青藏高原西北缘高原面与陡坡地貌形成过程提供了磷灰石裂变径迹热年代的重要约束。  相似文献   

辽东湾辽东带中南部古近纪古地貌恢复和演化及其对沉积体系的控制   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

加东辉  徐长贵  杨波  杨香华  吴小红  周心怀  滕玉波  赖维成 《古地理学报》2007,9(2):155-166

采用井-震联合地层恢复法，对辽东湾辽东带中南部的古近纪进行了古地貌恢复。在此基础上拓宽了坡折带研究，将古地貌（包括古坡折带、古沟谷、古凸起等）纳入古物源供给系统的框架内探讨其对沉积体系的控制作用。分析表明：在构建完整物源供给系统的前提下，古地貌诸单元及其组合样式对沉积体系有着明显的控制作用。主要表现为：不同级次的物源体系导致沉积体类型和规模存在差异；物源区沟谷的分布及其赋存时期制约着砂体的主要分布位置、时期及规模；坡折带样式决定砂体的类型、规模及分布；古地貌组合样式控制储集体的成因、富集位置和规模大小。因此，古地貌分析对储层的预测和识别具有明显的指导作用。勘探实践证明，将其与常规储层预测方法联用，能够很大程度地提高储层预测的精度。  相似文献   

Coping with the 1996 Tornado in Tangail,Bangladesh: An Analysis of Field Data     

Bimal Kanti Paul 《The Professional geographer》1998,50(3):287-301

On May 13, 1996, a disastrous tornado hit the Tangail district of Bangladesh, killing more than 700 people and causing extensive damage to homes, crops, and livestock. This paper explores and analyzes how tornado victims adjusted to this destruction. Data collected from two study sites show that victims received emergency assistance from people both in neighboring areas and from more distant areas, as well as from government agencies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). At both sites, NGOs played the leading role in minimizing the hardships of victims through extraordinary disaster relief and rehabilitation efforts. Because of the extensive support received, the tornado victims were able to return to their “normal” lives very quickly. This study concludes with several recommendations to help cope with future tornado disasters.  相似文献   

Instabilities in the consumption and production for cobalt     

Takashi Nishiyama  Hideki Fujii 《Natural Resources Research》1998,7(4):281-285

Cobalt is obtained mainly as a byproduct of the mining and metallurgical processing of copper and nickel. The amount of minable cobalt has a characteristic supply limit, which is dependent upon demand for copper and nickel. It is considered that cobalt consumption will be affected by the amount mined in the near future, because world demand has been gradually increasing, while the production from copper sulfide ores in Zaire and Zambia, major producing countries, has decreased for political, economical and technological reasons. The world demand for cobalt has surpassed the world mine production, and cobalt sales from the National Defense Stockpile of the United States and exports from Russia and cobalt recovered from stockpiled intermediates contributed to the supply in 1994. It is concluded, from a statistical point of view, that this trend of shortage and high prices for cobalt will continue in the near future.  相似文献   

Costantino Faillace: Philanthropic Hydrogeologist     

S. D. Limaye 《Hydrogeology Journal》1998,6(2):323-324

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Groundwater for urban water supplies in northern China – An overview     

Han Zaisheng 《Hydrogeology Journal》1998,6(3):416-420

 Groundwater plays an important role for urban and industrial water supply in northern China. More than 1000 groundwater wellfields have been explored and installed. Groundwater provides about half the total quantity of the urban water supply. Complete regulations and methods for the exploration of groundwater have been established in the P.R. China. Substantial over-exploitation of groundwater has created environmental problems in some cities. Some safeguarding measures for groundwater-resource protection have been undertaken. Received, August 1997 · Revised, February 1998 · Accepted, April 1998  相似文献