过硫酸盐氧化修复后土壤对建筑物的腐蚀性分析          下载免费PDF全文

袁平凡 《山东国土资源》2021,37(8)

过硫酸盐作为良好的氧化剂被广泛应用于有机污染土壤的修复领域,但残留的过硫酸盐和氧化反应产生的副产物对建筑物的混凝土和钢结构产生的腐蚀性影响往往被忽视。通过对某多环芳烃类土壤污染地块修复前后的土壤相关指标的分析检测,分析了该地块污染土壤采用过硫酸钠体系修复后对建筑材料的腐蚀性产生的影响。实验结果表明,修复后土壤对混凝土和钢结构的腐蚀性有所加重。  相似文献   

表面活性剂在土壤污染治理中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

孙学启 《山东国土资源》2021,37(8)

环境问题日益严重,污染土壤修复的要求便越来越迫切,应用表面活性剂治理污染土壤也得以广泛研究。对于以淋洗为主的表面活性剂治理土壤污染法,表面活性剂的吸脱附行为、增溶能力和毒性是淋洗工艺取得优良效果的关键。文中重点阐述了离子型、非离子型、复配表面活性剂体系和生物表面活性剂在土壤重金属污染、有机污染和土壤-重金属复合污染治理中的应用。概述了影响表面活性剂治理效果的因素,讨论了此类方法的缺陷并从污染物的迁移转化和降解规律、治理工艺与组合治理技术3方面对未来的工作进行了展望。  相似文献   

基于行为与结果的土地整治项目绩效评价研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

王喜  陈常优  谢申申 《地理与地理信息科学》2014,30(6)

目前我国土地整治项目绩效评价研究多基于项目实施评价或项目效益评价,缺乏可操作性。该文将实施者的行为过程与实施结果相结合,对土地整治项目绩效评价的内涵及内容进行界定,分别从土地整治项目的实施绩效(包括资金使用、管理规范、工程实施等情况)及效益绩效(包括经济效益、社会效益和生态效益)构建了土地整治项目绩效评价体系,并以河南省两个典型土地整治项目为例进行实证研究。将土地整治项目的实施评价与效益评价相结合,便于较全面地对项目进行绩效评价,所构建的指标体系基本合理。  相似文献   

基于INPGA的地下水污染治理多目标优化管理模型:Ⅱ——实例应用          下载免费PDF全文

吴剑锋  彭伟  钱家忠  吴吉春  郑春苗 《地质论评》2011,57(3):437-443

简单算例研究表明改进的小生境Pareto遗传算法(INPGA)用于求解地下水系统的多目标优化管理模型时,求解过程简单,计算速度快,而且得到的Pareto解集跨度更为合理.本文以美国麻省军事保护区(Massachusetts Military Reservation,MMR)为实例,通过建立研究区复杂地下水污染治理的多目...  相似文献   

Can salt marsh plants influence levels and distribution of DDTs in estuarine areas?     

Pedro N. Carvalho  Pedro Nuno R. RodriguesRafael Evangelista  M. Clara P. BastoM. Teresa S.D. Vasconcelos 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

Sediments are depositories of toxic substances such as organochlorine pesticides and there is a global need for their removal in contaminated environments. Studies that combine contaminated sediments and phytoremediation are relatively recent and their number has been increasing. This work aimed to investigate whether salt marsh plants (sea club-rush Scirpus maritimus, sea rush Juncus maritimus and sea purslane Halimione portulacoides) can favor DDT and metabolites remediation in estuarine environment. For this purpose the levels of DDT, DDE and DDD were compared in vegetated and non-vegetated sediments from an estuary in the North of Portugal (in-situ study) and from another in the South of Portugal (ex-situ study). Results obtained both in the in-situ study, involving S. maritimus and J. maritimus, and in the ex-situ study, involving H. portulacoides, indicated that these plants did not have a significant role in DDTs removal and/or degradation. Therefore, it seems that the tested plants cannot influence levels and distribution of DDTs in estuarine areas.  相似文献   

Statistical characterization of arsenic contamination in shallow tube wells of western Bangladesh     

Faisal Hossain  Amvrossios C. Bagtzoglou  Nurun Nahar  M. Delawer Hossain 《水文研究》2006,20(7):1497-1510

A regional assessment of the arsenic (As) contamination scenario in shallow tube wells (depth < 150 m) of western Bangladesh is presented. Comparisons are made in light of bulk geological differences (Pleistocene versus Holocene deposits/northwest versus southwest) and As measurement protocols (field kit (FK) versus atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS)). Our As database comprised the following: (1) the nationwide As survey completed in 1999 by the British Geological Survey in collaboration with the Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE); and (2) a regional As survey conducted in southwest Bangladesh by the Japan International Cooperation Agency in collaboration with DPHE in 2002. First, we characterize the error structure of the semi‐quantitative FK As measurements using collocated AAS As measurements as reference from a set of 307 wells located in southwest Bangladesh. The depth distribution of As is identified using a very dense cluster of 2963 wells over a 560 km² domain. The probability of the FK method for successful detection of a well sample as unsafe (safe) was found to be 96·9% (34·1%) and 95·2% (80·3%) for the World Health Organization (WHO) and Bangladesh safe limits, respectively. Similarly, the probability of false alarms and false hopes for WHO (Bangladesh) safe limits were found to be 3·1% (4·8%) and 87·5% (19·7%), respectively. The depth at which the highest fraction of wells exceeding a given safe limit occurred could still be inferred correctly by FK measurements. A simple bias adjustment procedure on FK As data did not result in a more accurate characterization of depth distribution of As. This indicated that simple error statistics are inadequate for advancing the utility of FKs; rather, an understanding of the complex and multidimensional error structure is required. Regional anisotropy in the spatial dependence of As for the northwest was found to be stronger than the southwest. The correlation length for As concentration in the east–west direction of northwest Bangladesh (i.e. across major river floodplains) was found to be almost twice (158·80 km) that of the north–south direction (along the major axis of Pleistocene deposits) (78·21 km). For the southwest region, the ratio of east–west to north–south correlation lengths ranged from 1·40 to 1·51. For the northwest region, because it is well known to have the lowest concentrations of As countrywide, knowledge of this anisotropy appears to suggest the need for drilling twice as many remediation deep wells in the proximity of an unsafe shallow well in the north–south direction than in the east–west direction. Findings from this study are potentially useful in setting priority areas for emergency testing, distributing remediation resources equitably and formulating a regional water resources strategy for western Bangladesh. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

全球第四次工业革命前景下的应用矿物学进展(2011—2020)     

董发勤  谭道永  王进明  徐龙华  李旭娟  丁文金  胡志波  黄腾 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2021,40(2):290-304

本文从冶金-工艺矿物学和矿物原料加工、新型工业矿物和岩石(宝石)、特种功能矿物材料、仿生矿物材料、生物矿物学、文化遗产和文物保护、矿物基固废处理与资源化利用、矿山及周边土壤污染修复8个领域综述了近十年应用矿物学研究进展,总结归纳了这些领域的相关重大进展,并提出了应用矿物学在第四次工业革命浪潮下的7个重要发展方向。  相似文献   

Environmental recovery in Sydney Harbour,Nova Scotia: Evidence of natural and anthropogenic sediment capping     

Tony R. Walker  Devin MacAskill  Peter Weaver 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013

Contaminants were assessed in Sydney Harbour during baseline and three years of remediation of a former coking and steel facility. Concentrations of PAHs; PCBs; and lead measured in surface sediments indicate overall spatial distribution patterns of historical contaminants remains unchanged, although at much lower concentrations than previously reported due to natural sediment recovery. Recovery rates were in broad agreement with predicted concentrations; or in some cases lower, despite remediation at the Sydney Tar Ponds (STP) site. Contaminants showed little temporal variability, except for detection of significant increases in PAH concentrations during onset of remediation compared to baseline which represented a short term interruption in the overall long term natural recovery of sediments in Sydney Harbour. Recovery (via “capping”) was enhanced following recent harbour dredging activities where less contaminated outer harbour sediments were discharged into a confined disposal facility (CDF) required for a new container in the inner harbour.  相似文献   

广元市丘陵地区土地整治潜力调查评价     

韩洁  ;刘英鹏  ;高晓丰 《山东地质》2014,(12):76-78

通过调查3个丘陵区的土地整治情况,按地形、地貌进行土地整治分区,讨论土地整治潜力评价的方法,分别对农用地整治、农村建设用地整治、土地复垦和宜耕后备土地资源开发的建设规模和补充耕地的数量潜力与质量潜力进行分析计算,最后对调查区土地整治综合潜力进行评价。  相似文献   

平原地区基本农田土地整治景观生态规划与设计——以新泰市楼德镇基本农田土地整治项目为例     

王晓芳 《山东地质》2012,(5):55-57

景观生态规划与设计必须在综合考虑土地整治具体工程与生态环境的基础上,合理的规避导致生态破坏的农田设计,科学规划能够促进生态系统的自身维持与修护的工程设计。该文基于农田景观规划与设计的思想,探讨了山东平原地区基本农田景观规划设计的重点,以新泰市楼德镇基本农田土地整治项目做为案例进行景观规划设计,设计内容主要包括土地平整、农田水利、田间道路、生态防护等几方面,通过探讨和摸索,为下一步土地整治规划设计和生态环境保护提供了可靠的科学依据。  相似文献