2010年山西河津4.8级地震地磁垂直分量日变化低点时间空间分布特征          下载免费PDF全文

贾昕晔  戴勇  高立新  陆颍哲  贾彦杰 《地震工程学报》2018,40(S1):105-111

2010年1月11-24日,华北地区出现7次地磁低点位移异常。异常结束1天后研究区内发生2010年1月24日山西河津4.8级地震。采用实测低点时间减去理论低点时间的方法剔除低点时间经度效应,并以剔除经度效应后低点时间为0 h的等值线作为低点位移分界线,山西河津4.8级地震震中处于1月16日、17日、19日、22日地磁低点位移分界线上。低点位移异常日期间,华北地区存在显著的高梯度带,该文采用梯度值定量描述低点时间空间变化程度。在正常日期间,华北地区未出现梯度值大于1 h/（°）的区域,在异常日期间,出现梯度值大于1 h/（°）的区域,河津4.8级地震多位于高梯度区边缘。  相似文献   

地磁垂直分量Z日变幅逐日比及其与磁暴和地震的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

袁桂平  李鸿宇  张贵霞  潘颖 《地震》2018,38(1):139-146

地磁垂直分量Z日变幅逐日比是基于变化磁场在地球电导率的作用下会产生一个与变化磁场相反的感应磁场, 该感应磁场不仅包含了外空磁场的信息, 还包含了地下电导率的信息。 因此, 相对于地磁场其他成分来说Z分量更多地反应了地下活动的变化, 逐日比是利用前后两日地磁Z分量日变幅相比来提取该异常现象, 但磁暴可能会对逐日比异常判定产生影响。 我们取1984年至今江苏区域范围达到逐日比异常判定指标的29个事件结合磁暴以及该异常事件之后和地震的对应关系进行统计分析。 研究发现, 无磁暴时逐日比异常和预测范围内地震对应关系达到0.77, 有磁暴时逐日比异常和地震对应关系为0.25。 综合分析认为逐日比异常事件发生后, 若该日无磁暴或者Dst指数小于异常第二日, 那么该异常为地震前兆的可能性大概为0.8, 反之则该异常有可能是磁暴的影响而不是来自于地下活动的影响, 需结合其他前兆分析方法进行综合分析, 该研究增强了逐日比异常判定地震地磁前兆信息的可靠性。  相似文献   

利用独立成分分析检测2004年和2012年印度洋地震的重力变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王陈燕  游为  范东明 《地球物理学报》2019,62(11):4142-4155

2004年12月苏门答腊发生M_W9.3地震,造成巨大的质量重新分布.利用GRACE卫星月重力场数据计算了研究区域地面1°×1°网格点上的重力变化时间序列,采用主成分分析和独立成分分析两种方法,提取了重力变化的空间与时间特征,结果显示震中两侧区域的重力变化呈两极分布,其中东侧重力下降,西侧重力增加.相较于传统的主成分分析方法,独立成分分析能更好地从原始信号中提取地震的信息,能分解出具有显著阶跃变化的独立成分.除了2004年的苏门答腊大地震外,独立成分分析还分解得到了2012年Andaman地震的特征,与该次地震的空间特征与时间序列基本一致.相较于适合定量分析的多项式拟合方法,独立成分分析更适合大范围区域的定性分析,建议将两种方法相结合,取长补短,从而为GRACE地震监测提供一种更为客观、有效的方法.  相似文献   

辽宁省大伙房水库及入库河流水质空间特征与河库水质关系   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

王琼  李法云  范志平  胡莹莹  刘杰  鞠文鹏 《湖泊科学》2016,28(4):775-784

入库河流与水库存在空间上的连续性,河流污染物输入是水库水质恶化的主要原因,对大伙房水库及其入库支流61个采样点的水质状况进行调查,并运用聚类分析和主成分分析对大伙房水库及入库支流的水质空间特性和主要污染物进行分析.聚类分析显示,按照水质相似性将大伙房水库及入库支流水质可分为上游区、下游区和库区3个典型空间区域.分别对3个区域进行主成分分析,结果显示:入库支流上游区和下游区水质主要影响因素为氨氮、总氮和化学需氧量,库区影响水质的主要因素为温度、p H值、浊度、溶解氧、电导率、氨氮和总氮.对上游、下游和库区水质均有显著影响的因子为氨氮和总氮,上游区、下游区和库区氨氮浓度均值分别为0.06、0.10和0.19 mg/L,总氮浓度均值分别为0.13、0.16和0.26 mg/L.入库河流下游区对水库水质影响较大,受社河和浑河污染物输入的影响,大伙房水库水质在空间上呈现社河入库区水质优于浑河入库区水质.并且库区氨氮和总氮浓度均与距岸边距离呈负相关,溶解氧和p H值均与距入库口距离呈负相关,表明入库河流污染物输入和环库区面源污染均对大伙房水库水质产生一定影响.  相似文献   

Identification and classification of transient pulses observed in magnetometer array data by time-domain principal component analysis filtering          下载免费PDF全文

Karl N. Kappler  Daniel D. Schneider  Laura S. MacLean  Thomas E. Bleier 《地震科学（英文版）》2017,30(4):193-207

A method for identification of pulsations in time series of magnetic field data which are simultaneously present in multiple channels of data at one or more sensor locations is described. Candidate pulsations of interest are first identified in geomagnetic time series by inspection.Time series of these ‘‘training events' ' are represented in matrix form and transpose-multiplied to generate timedomain covariance matrices. The ranked eigenvectors of this matrix are stored as a feature of the pulsation. In the second stage of the algorithm, a sliding window(approximately the width of the training event) is moved across the vector-valued time-series comprising the channels on which the training event was observed. At each window position, the data covariance matrix and associated eigenvectors are calculated. We compare the orientation of the dominant eigenvectors of the training data to those from the windowed data and flag windows where the dominant eigenvectors directions are similar. This was successful in automatically identifying pulses which share polarization and appear to be from the same source process. We apply the method to a case study of continuously sampled(50 Hz) data from six observatories, each equipped with threecomponent induction coil magnetometers. We examine a90-day interval of data associated with a cluster of four observatories located within 50 km of Napa, California,together with two remote reference stations-one 100 km to the north of the cluster and the other 350 km south. When the training data contains signals present in the remote reference observatories, we are reliably able to identify and extract global geomagnetic signals such as solar-generatednoise. When training data contains pulsations only observed in the cluster of local observatories, we identify several types of non-plane wave signals having similar polarization.  相似文献   

中国地震科学台阵两期观测资料近场记录揭示的南北地震带地壳剪切波分裂特征   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

张艺  高原 《地球物理学报》2017,60(6):2181-2199

利用中国地震科学台阵第一期(2011-01-2014-06)及部分中国地震科学台阵第二期(2013-02-2015-12)的流动地震台阵记录到的小震波形资料,运用剪切波分裂系统分析(SAM)方法,分析南北地震带的地壳各向异性,对剪切波分裂参数所反映的区域应力环境及构造特征,以及区域内主压应力方向与断裂分布的关系展开讨论.研究结果表明,南北地震带快剪切波偏振方向自北向南由NE向逐渐转变为NNW向,与南北地震带区域主压应力的方向变化具有一致性.区域内分布的大量NE及WNW或NW向断裂构造同样对快波偏振方向有比较大的影响,位于走滑断裂附近的台站,其快波方向与断裂走向大致平行,部分位于走滑断裂附近的台站其快波方向几乎垂直于断裂走向,而与构造应力场方向一致性较好.个别台站表现出复杂快波优势方向特征,反映出研究区内构造环境的复杂性.慢波时间延迟结果显示,南北地震带南段的平均时间延迟高于北段,反映了受印度板块和欧亚板块的碰撞挤压作用,南段地壳介质各向异性程度更大,构造变形更加剧烈.对比南北地震带上地幔各向异性特征,推测在川滇菱形块体内部可能存在复杂的壳幔耦合现象,地壳剪切波分裂除了反映区域应力特征,还可以揭示出区域构造信息.  相似文献   

基于水声学方法的太湖鱼类空间分布和资源量评估   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

孙明波  谷孝鸿  曾庆飞  毛志刚  谷先坤 《湖泊科学》2013,25(1):99-107

利用BioSonics DT-X科学回声探测仪(208 kHz)在太湖2011年开捕前的8月对东部和北部湖区的鱼类进行了走航式水声学调查,并结合地理信息系统(GIS)模型对调查湖区的鱼类大小组成、空间分布和资源量进行了评估.结果表明,调查湖区的鱼类平均目标强度(目标鱼类对声波的反射能力)为-51.85±0.02 dB,平均体长在6 cm左右,体长范围为2.35～89.33 cm,不同区域间的鱼类目标强度差异性显著,表明不同区域间鱼类大小存在差异,其中鱼类的最小平均目标强度(-53.94±0.10 dB)出现在洞庭东西山之间,最大平均目标强度(-50.27±0.14 dB)出现在光福湾.调查湖区的鱼类密度在0.43～3.90 ind./m3之间,采用地理信息系统(GIS)对调查湖区进行建模得到鱼类密度均值为2.27±0.57 ind./m3,不同区域间鱼类密度差异性显著,鱼类密度在敞水区较高.基于建模的栅格化数据评估调查湖区鱼类资源量约为5.3×109ind.,其中目标强度在-45 dB(体长约13 cm)以下的鱼类占98.49%.本文对水声学方法在大型浅水湖泊中的应用进行了初步探索,水声学方法可在一定程度上突破传统鱼类资源调查方法在较大空间尺度上的局限性,但在调查时易受风浪、水生植物、船速的影响.  相似文献   

Spatial and Temporal Variation of Parameters in Wadi Andlou,Tunisia‐Pollution by Pulp Mill Discharge     

《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2017,45(10)

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试用主分量分析方法提取澜沧江兰坪地区铜矿化蚀变遥感信息   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7  

李昌国  张玉君 《国土资源遥感》1997,8(1):20-30

通过图像影像特征分析,并经地面调查证实,澜沧江兰坪地区铜矿化蚀变与围岩存在反射波谱特性差异,即在TM5(近红外)波段(1.55μm-1.75μm)蚀变岩呈高反射率。以此为依据,进行了提取与铜矿化蚀变相关的TM遥感信息的计算机图像处理技术方法研究。实践证明,该区主分量分析处理图像效果最佳。图像上显示的色调异常,通过与红土涧矿区地质勘查资料对比和根据兰坪地区图像上典型地物样区色调理论分析,评价了遥感异常的地质意义。由于图像预处理(几何校正、亮度拉伸、多元统计,最佳波段组合选择等)是针对澜沧江兰坪全区的特征进行的,故处理方法在全区内均有一定适用性。本文结合公式2、图4、表4、封二彩片5等实际材料较详细地介绍了有关提取铜矿化蚀变遥感色调异常信息的方法技术。  相似文献   

INFLUENCE OF PUMPING ON FOUR-COMPONENT BOREHOLE STRAIN AT TAI'AN SEISMIC STATION AND ITS INTERFERENCE MECHANISM          下载免费PDF全文

JIA Yuan  GAN Wei-jun  LI Jie  ZHU Cheng-lin  YIN Hai-tao  LU Shuang-ling  JU Jia-bin 《地震地质》2019,41(6):1429-1443

Four-component borehole strainmeter (FCBS) is one kind of high-precision borehole strain observation instruments invented in China. As a kind of near-surface deformation observation instrument, FCBS is also easily disturbed by the external environment factors. As a common factor, pumping has significant influence on FCBS observation. Existing studies mostly identify the pumping interference from the perspective of observation curve morphology, relatively few studies focus on its interference mechanism. In order to truly capture earthquake precursor information, it is necessary to study the interference mechanism. In recent years, RZB-3 type FCBS at Tai'an seismic station has been seriously affected by pumping, so it is necessary and also feasible to study the interference mechanism of pumping. Since the influence of pumping interference on borehole strainmeter is common, this work would be very practical and be used for reference by other borehole strain observation stations. We find that the original observation curves and observed surface strain, shear strain from RZB-3 type FCBS at Tai'an seismic station have the characteristics of synchronous change with the borehole water level, in which the linear correlation coefficient between the two observed shear strain curves and borehole water level reached 0.70 and 0.82 respectively. We further find that the principal strain direction of borehole and borehole water level after normalization meet the nonlinear function as y=1.217arctan(x)^0.224-0.284. The above phenomenon indicates that the observation of RZB-3 type FCBS at Tai'an seismic station is significantly affected by the borehole water level, and the influence is more obvious and the gradient is larger at the stage of low water level. Pumping interference often appears in low water level stage and changes the rock pore pressure state. Statistics show that pumping interference affects the borehole strain state. To investigate the interference mechanism of pumping to RZB-3 type FCBS at Tai'an seismic station, we take a known pumping as an example, in which we study the principal strain state of the borehole in three periods of normal pumping, interruption of pumping and resuming pumping respectively. During each period, we solve 3 parameters of the principal plane strain state, i.e. the maximum principal strain rate, the minimum principal strain rate and the maximum principal strain direction from four observation equations of FCBS by nonlinear iterative least squares algorithm. On the other hand, concentrated load model (CLM) is used to simulate the mechanical mechanism of pumping. Firstly, the depth of FCBS relative to pumping source and the concentrated load at pumping source are inversed, then, the strain state surrounding the pumping well, including the state at RZB-3 borehole, is simulated by forward modeling. By comparing these results, we find that: (1)The concentrated load at pumping source inversed by CLM during periods of normal pumping and resuming pumping are both located at or near the bottom of the pumping well, which is consistent with the actual situation, indicating that mechanism and degree of the influence of pumping on borehole strain are well simulated by CLM. (2)The observed strain state is consistent with the simulation result of pumping interference by forward modeling, indicating that the principal strain state of borehole calculated based on observation of FCBS reflects the true strain state of borehole under different pumping states.(3)The inversed concentrated load at pumping source during pumping periods is significant greater than the load of the pumped water, indicating that the pumping process has more significant influence on the pore pressure of rocks than the load of the pumped water. Even though CLM is an approximate simulation since it's based on some elastic assumptions, the interference mechanism of pumping on RZB-3 type FCBS at Tai'an seismic station is well explained, which is maybe very helpful for studying the influence of pumping interference on other deformation instruments, locating the unknown pumping source and studying the characteristics of pore pressure of rocks.  相似文献