多环芳烃在水稻籽粒中的分布及其与环境介质含量的关系     

焦杏春  叶传永  武振艳  罗松光  刘煜 《岩矿测试》2010,29(4):331-334

介绍了江西南昌某郊区采集的成熟期(2008年9月)和收割期(2008年10月)的水稻籽粒中多环芳烃(PAHs)的富集情况,并与同时期的环境介质(土壤、空气气相以及颗粒物)中多环芳烃的含量及分布情况作了相关性分析。结果表明,研究区水稻籽粒中16种多环芳烃(∑PAHs)总量平均为(74.8±13.6)ng/g,水稻土壤中∑PAHs含量平均为(203.7±14.3)ng/g,空气气相样品中∑PAHs含量平均为68.25 ng/m3,以3环和4环多环芳烃为优势化合物;颗粒物样品中∑PAHs含量平均为42.28 ng/m3,以4环、5环和6环多环芳烃为优势化合物。各介质多环芳烃含量在国内同类地区中均位于中等偏下水平。将多环芳烃在水稻籽粒和各个介质之间的生物富集系数与化合物的辛醇分配系数KOC、KOA作对数变换后比较,发现水稻籽粒中多环芳烃的分布与水稻土和空气颗粒物中的多环芳烃没有太大关系;而与空气气相中的多环芳烃关系较明显,证实了前人得到的气相化合物对植物体内化合物的分配起着主要贡献的研究结论。  相似文献   

基于GIS的复杂地形洪水淹没区计算方法   总被引：64，自引：0，他引：64  

刘仁义  刘南 《地理学报》2001,56(1):1-6

利用GIS技术计算洪水淹没区范围一直是灾害评估研究中的一个热点问题。通过给出两种情形下基于种子蔓延算法的淹没区计算方法，即有源 淹没和无源淹没。淹没区计算精度主要取决于空间数据精度的优劣；种子蔓延算法及探测分辨率决定了整个模型的效率。文中最后给出了该模型在“水利综合管理信息系统”中得到验证和实现的实例。  相似文献   

The effects of temperature and moisture on after-ripening of Cenchrus ciliaris seeds     

Farzad Sharif-Zadeh  Alistair J. Murdoch 《Journal of Arid Environments》2001,49(4):823

After-ripening of Cenchrus ciliaris L. spikelets was modelled during storage at various temperatures and equilibrium relative humidities (e.r.h.). At 40 and 50% e.r.h., the rate of after-ripening increased linearly with increase of storage temperature. The highest after-ripening rate was achieved by storing the seeds in 40°C and 50% e.r.h. At 70% e.r.h., however, seeds remained viable at 20 and 30°C but largely failed to after-ripen. Use of the model to predict the storage period required for decreasing dormancy to any desired level is described. The application to re-seeding degraded rangelands in arid areas is discussed.  相似文献   

A GIS-based method for flooded area calculation and damage evaluation     

LIU Ren-yi  LIU Nan 《地理学报》2001,11(2):187-192

Using geographic information system to study flooded area and damage evaluation has been a hotspot in environmental disaster research for years. In this paper, a model for flooded area calculation and damage evaluation is presented. Flooding is divided into two types: ‘source flood’ and ‘non-source flood’. The source-flood area calculation is based on seed spread algorithm. The flood damage evaluation is calculated by overlaying the flooded area range with thematic maps and relating the result to other social and economic data. To raise the operational efficiency of the model, a skipping approach is used to speed seed spread algorithm and all thematic maps are converted to raster format before overlay analysis. The accuracy of flooded area calculation and damage evaluation is mainly dependent upon the resolution and precision of the digital elevation model (DEM) data, upon the accuracy of registering all raster layers, and upon the quality of economic information. This model has been successfully used in the Zhejiang Province Comprehensive Water Management Information System developed by the authors. The applications show that this model is especially useful for most counties of China and other developing countries.  相似文献   

NCEP/NCAR再分析温度资料在农业气象中的应用可行性   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

李兆芹  姚益平  姚克敏 《南京气象学院学报》2004,27(3):420-427

为探讨NCEP/NCAR再分析温度网格资料在农业气象研究中的应用价值,以北京、南京、广州、昆明、郑州和三亚6个气象台站的实测地面气象资料为依据,证明了NCEP/NCAR再分析温度网格资料的可靠性。进一步用Cressman插值、双线性二次插值、抛物线二次插值以及先抛物线插值后线性插值等4种插值方法,用NCEP/NCAR再分析温度网格资料对上述6站的地面日平均气温进行了插值计算,并对不同插值方法的结果作了比较。结果表明,站点纬度较高时(30°N以北),应用双线性二次内插法插值效果较好,精度略低;站点纬度较低时(30°N以南),应用Cressman插值法插值效果好,精度也高。这可能是较高纬度缺测资料较多造成的。利用NCEP/NCAR再分析网格温度插值资料分析两系法杂交水稻在泰国的制种气候适应性证明该资料在农业气象研究中是可以应用的。  相似文献   

浅析制种玉米在实际生产中遇到的几个问题     

马燕马洪亮  高彦兵 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2005,28(3):19-19,21

结合制种玉米的气候适宜性特征，从农业气象学角度对实际生产中遇到的几个问题做出了客观分析并提出针对性的生产建议。  相似文献   

安徽种子植物特有属的生物多样性及其保护   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙叶根 《山地学报》1998,(3)

论述了安徽种子植物特有属的物种组成多样性、生态类型多样性、空间分布格局多样性及其生态地理特性和区系特征,探讨了安徽与邻近地区中国种子植物特有属的地理联系及其重要地位,并对特有属的生物多样性保护与持续发展提出了具体对策．  相似文献   

Autotoxic potential of foliage on seed germination and early growth of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora)     

M.O.A. Warrag 《Journal of Arid Environments》1995,31(4)

  相似文献   

土地利用方式对岩溶山地土壤种子库的影响   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

李阳兵  魏朝富  李先源  谢德体 《山地学报》2002,20(3):319-324

本文从种类组成、种子数量、生态优势度、物种多样性、种子分布规律和物种相似性等方面比较了重庆市岩溶低山10种不同土地利用系统的土壤种子库特点，10种土地利用类型包括耕地、弃耕地、果园、灌草坡、人工林和次生林。结果表明，研究区种子以草本为主，随土利用强度增加，种子类和数量减少，与地面农田杂草相似性增加，土壤种子库出质和量方面的锐减。从土壤种子角度说明研究区生态退化严重。  相似文献   

Women and seed management: A study of two villages in Bangladesh     

Emily Oakley  Janet Henshall Momsen 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2007,28(1):90-106

Seed management has until recently been neglected in agrobiodiversity research. Gender dimensions in seed selection, processing, storage and exchange embody critical task areas in the human management of diverse crop species and varieties. This paper focuses on women's roles in seed management in field and homegarden crops in Bangladesh and reports on the findings of a study in two villages in Tangail District. Seventy-five women were surveyed with a questionnaire and subsets interviewed in-depth; focus groups conducted for women and men provided a means of cross-checking responses. Three distinct areas of agrobiodiversity were addressed: the gendered divisions of labour among agricultural tasks; the pervasiveness of seed saving among respondents; and seed management practices and techniques. The results indicate that while men have greater authority over field activities, homegarden production is the exclusive domain of women. Seed management is seen as an extension of women's domestic duties: women are responsible for all seed processing, storage and exchange for field as well as homegarden crops. The vast majority of seeds sown are saved on-farm by women, revealing important cultural, economic and environmental implications for agrobiodiversity conservation and local differences.  相似文献