氡气勘查地球化学技术的研究与应用--氡气地球化学特性、方法原理、异常模式   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

贾国相  赵友方  姚锦其  黎绍杰 《矿产与地质》2005,19(1):60-65

从氧的地球化特性、氧气测量方法的原理、氧的地球化学晕的形成机理及氧气异常模式的确立等方面，阐述了氧气勘查地球化学技术在油气勘查应用研究中的概况。认为该技术在方法、原理及应用效果等方面的研究已日趋成熟，应用该项技术，在油气藏上方的土壤或岩石中，已查明氧气呈环状晕圈特征，并且，这一规律被反复得到证实和公认，可进一步在油气勘查领域推广应用。  相似文献   

西昆仑麻扎-黑恰达坂多金属矿化带的发现及地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李博秦姚建新  王峰罗乾周  计文化尹宗义蔺新望  张清胜孔文年刘曦鹏  张俊良陈高潮 《地质论评》2007,53(4):571-576,I0006

西昆仑以其强烈的构造变形、频繁的岩浆活动、漫长的地质演化历史及特殊的大地构造环境而具有得天独厚的成矿地质条件。然而由于恶劣的自然地理条件所限,该区地质矿产工作程度一直较低。2002～2003年度,作者在野外调查过程中,在麻扎东陆续发现了三处五个以铜为主的多金属矿（化）体。它们与康西瓦—苏巴什构造带在空间、时间和成因上有着密切的依存关系,构成黑恰达坂多金属矿化带。虽然带内矿体品位较低,但规模巨大,具有较好的成矿地质条件和明显的化探异常显示,找矿前景良好。  相似文献   

A crustal seismic velocity model for the UK, Ireland and surrounding seas   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Annabel Kelly  Richard W. England  Peter K. H. Maguire 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,171(3):1172-1184

A regional model of the 3-D variation in seismic P -wave velocity structure in the crust of NW Europe has been compiled from wide-angle reflection/refraction profiles. Along each 2-D profile a velocity–depth function has been digitised at 5 km intervals. These 1-D velocity functions were mapped into three dimensions using ordinary kriging with weights determined to minimise the difference between digitised and interpolated values. An analysis of variograms of the digitised data suggested a radial isotropic weighting scheme was most appropriate. Horizontal dimensions of the model cells are optimised at 40 × 40 km and the vertical dimension at 1 km. The resulting model provides a higher resolution image of the 3-D variation in seismic velocity structure of the UK, Ireland and surrounding areas than existing models. The construction of the model through kriging allows the uncertainty in the velocity structure to be assessed. This uncertainty indicates the high density of data required to confidently interpolate the crustal velocity structure, and shows that for this region the velocity is poorly constrained for large areas away from the input data.  相似文献   

Upper mantle beneath foothills of the western Himalaya: subducted lithospheric slab or a keel of the Indian shield?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

L. Vinnik  A. Singh  S. Kiselev  M. Ravi Kumar 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,171(3):1162-1171

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High-resolution structures of the Landers fault zone inferred from aftershock waveform data   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Hongyi Li  Lupei Zhu  Hongfeng Yang 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,171(3):1295-1307

High-frequency body waves recorded by a temporary seismic array across the surface rupture trace of the 1992 Landers, California, earthquake were used to determine fault-zone structures down to the seismogenic depth. We first developed a technique to use generalized ray theory to compute synthetic seismograms for arbitrarily oriented tabular low-velocity fault-zone models. We then generated synthetic waveform record sections of a linear array across a vertical fault zone. They show that both arrival times and waveforms of P and S waves vary systematically across the fault due to transmissions and reflections from boundaries of the low-velocity fault zone. The waveform characteristics and arrival-time patterns in the record sections allow us to locate the boundaries of the fault zone and to determine its P - and S -wave velocities independently as well as its depth extent. Therefore, the trade-off between the fault-zone width and velocities can be avoided. Applying the method to the Landers waveform data reveals a low-velocity zone with a width of 270–360 m and a 35–60 per cent reduction in P and S velocities relative to the host rock. The analysis suggests that the low-velocity zone extends to a depth of ∼7 km. The western boundary of the low-velocity zone coincides with the observed main surface rupture trace.  相似文献   

瞬态瑞雷面波法在公路工程地质勘察中的应用     

刘长平  郭正言 《安徽地质》2007,17(2):124-127

结合安徽省高速公路建设工程实例,介绍瞬态瑞雷面波勘探技术在公路工程地质勘察中的应用,解决沿线高边坡、深路堑、桥梁、隧道进出口的岩土分层,给出基岩风化分带等工程地质问题,省时、省力,取得了良好的经济效益和环境效益.  相似文献   

Urban Seismic Risk Evaluation: A Holistic Approach   总被引：3，自引：4，他引：3  

Martha-Liliana Carreño  Omar D. Cardona  Alex H. Barbat 《Natural Hazards》2007,40(1):137-172

Risk has been defined, for management purposes, as the potential economic, social and environmental consequences of hazardous events that may occur in a specified period of time. However, in the past, the concept of risk has been defined in a fragmentary way in many cases, according to each scientific discipline involved in its appraisal. From the perspective of this article, risk requires a multidisciplinary evaluation that takes into account not only the expected physical damage, the number and type of casualties or economic losses, but also the conditions related to social fragility and lack of resilience conditions, which favour the second order effects (indirect effects) when a hazard event strikes an urban centre. The proposed general method of urban risk evaluation is multi hazard and holistic, that is, an integrated and comprehensive approach to guide decision-making. The evaluation of the potential physical damage (hard approach) as the result of the convolution of hazard and physical vulnerability of buildings and infrastructure is the first step of this method. Subsequently, a set of social context conditions that aggravate the physical effects are also considered (soft approach). In the method here proposed, the holistic risk evaluation is based on urban risk indicators. According to this procedure, a physical risk index is obtained, for each unit of analysis, from existing loss scenarios, whereas the total risk index is obtained by factoring the former index by an impact factor or aggravating coefficient, based on variables associated with the socio-economic conditions of each unit of analysis. Finally, the proposed method is applied in its single hazard form to the holistic seismic risk evaluation for the cities of Bogota (Colombia) and Barcelona (Spain).  相似文献   

Kirchhoff积分法叠前时间偏移技术在三江盆地XDLZ地区的应用     

于明德  王璞珺  铁映春  杨云飞  冯全东  胡艳莎  田云 《世界地质》2007,26(4):492-500

三江盆地前进坳陷XDLZ地区构造较复杂，以往开展的二维叠后时间偏移成像精度低和空间位置不够准确，为此进行了二维叠前时间偏移处理研究，分析了Kirchhoff积分法叠前时间偏移处理中关键环节技术参数（叠前去噪、振幅补偿、反褶积、静校正、均方根速度建模和偏移孔径选取）对研究区复杂构造成像的影响及处理技巧。通过叠前时间偏移和叠后时间偏移在该区的应用效果对比分析，Kirchhoff积分法叠前时间偏移处理结果包含地震信息更加丰富，深层复杂构造成像在同相轴的连续性和断层及断点空间位置更趋合理，成像相位和振幅误差较小，构造成图精度提高了约4％。  相似文献   

森林沼泽景观区区域化探新、旧方法技术应用效果对比     

王会锋  彭立华  王晓云  安兴  陈恩科 《陕西地质》2007,25(2):44-53

自森林沼泽景观区1∶20万区域化探工作开展以来,各个单位、不同阶段工作方法技术各有不同,工作效果不明显。中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所近年来通过研究制定了新的工作方法技术,通过应用取得了较好的效果,为此本文仅以内蒙古一二五公里幅1∶20万区域化探新、旧方法技术的应用效果对比进行初步探讨。  相似文献   

航空物探对华南某地区天然放射性辐射环境的调查     

方迎尧  吴其反  卢建忠  万建华 《物探与化探》2007,31(6):591-597

在华南某地区开展了航空物探调查,发现该地区天然放射性辐射水平相当高,并查明了引起的地质因素和分布特征,评估了天然放射性高辐射地区居民平均有效接收剂量,讨论了人类活动导致富含放射性石料的搬运、扩散所致使的危害.航空物探资料的利用为环境保护和治理规划提供了重要依据.  相似文献