屏蔽暂堵剂优选的新方法   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

崔迎春 《现代地质》2000,14(1):91-94

为了在钻井过程中更有效地利用屏蔽暂堵技术保护所钻油气储层不受损害 ,提出一种优选暂堵剂的新方法。新方法认为 ,暂堵剂作为矿研体 ,其粒度分布在一定范围内具有分形特征 ,可以用分维数定量地描述粒度空间分布的复杂情况 ,这样在考虑暂堵剂粒度平均尺寸与储层砂岩孔隙平均尺寸相匹配的前提下 ,进一步选择粒度分布分维数与储层砂岩孔隙尺寸分布分维数相近的暂堵剂 ,作为优选的暂堵剂。文中给出了测定和计算分维数的具体方法。室内渗透率恢复试验结果表明 ,按新方法选择的暂堵剂对储层砂岩起到了较理想的保护效果。  相似文献   

Distribution of the aphid Hyalopterus pruni Geoffr. within and between habitats of Common Reed Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel as a result of migration and population growth     

Jaap H. Mook  Jaap Wiegers 《Limnologica》1999,29(1):64-70

The aphid Hyalopterus pruni migrates to its secondary host Common Reed in late spring and early summer. Reed fields are known to be more heavily infested at the edges compared to the centre, as the migrants are attracted to the colour of the reed. There is also evidence that reeds growing at wet sites are more heavily infested than at dry sites. This paper shows that both proceses interact in determining the distribution of aphids in different habitats.The observations were carried out in the vast reed field of the Zuidelijk Flevoland polder (The Netherlands) during a number of years after its reclamation in 1968. In the period of migration flying aphids were caught with sticky traps situated in and around the reed field. The distribution of aphids on the reed was determined at different times during the season along transects through the centre of the polder. The existence early in the season (June) of a higher infestation at the edges than in the centre of the field was confirmed. The density of winged aphids in this early period was higher in wet than in dry habitats, which may have been a result of a preference of the settling migrants for reed standing in water. Later in the season (August) the dry habitat still had a relatively low infestation in the centre, but at the wet sites the infestation was high everywhere. This could be attributed to the much quicker population growth that was found in the wet habitat and subsequent short range movement of newly born winged aphids.  相似文献   

省区城市化水平等级图编制研究——以四川省为例   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

曾鸿程  孙育秋 《四川测绘》1999,22(2):68-70

在一般省区城市化水平等级制图中,大多采用非农业人口占总人口比重单一指标反映城市化水平。本文探讨了使用多种城市化指标因子设计编制这种地图的新的思路和方法,着重论述了城市化因子的选取和城市化水平指数模型的建立。  相似文献   

水氡观测样品脱气温度及观测时间的选取   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

刘学领  马建英  程立康  马丽丽 《地震地磁观测与研究》2008,29(2):55-58

以天津王4井为例,论述了在水氡观测过程中,样品脱气温度和观测时间如何进行选取。水氡观测过程中影响因素很多,通过实验认为：针对不同的井孔,依据观测规范选取最佳的观测条件,从测值中可以系统的剔除或减少外界因素对氡观测的影响。  相似文献   

Ground motion selection for seismic slope displacement analysis using a generalized intensity measure distribution method          下载免费PDF全文

《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(5):1352-1359

Selecting ground motions based on the generalized intensity measure distribution (GIMD) approach has many appealing features, but it has not been fully verified in engineering practice. In this paper, several suites of ground motions, which have almost identical distributions of spectral acceleration (SA) ordinates but different distributions of non‐SA intensity measures, are selected using the GIMD‐based approach for a given earthquake scenario. The selected ground motion suites are used to compute the sliding displacements of various slopes. Comparisons of the resulting displacements demonstrate that selecting ground motions with biased distribution of some intensity measures (ie, Arias intensity) may yield systematic biases (up to 60% for some slope types). Therefore, compared to the ground motions selected based only on the distribution of SA ordinates, the ground motion suite selected by the GIMD‐based approach can better represent the various characteristics of earthquake loadings, resulting in generally unbiased estimation in specific engineering applications.  相似文献   

A vector-valued intensity measure for near-fault ground motions     

Esra Zengin  Norman A. Abrahamson 《地震工程与结构动力学》2020,49(7):716-734

Near-fault ground motions containing high energy and large amplitude velocity pulses may cause severe damage to structures. The most widely used intensity measure (IM) is the elastic spectral acceleration at the fundamental period of the structure (Sa(T₁)); however, Sa(T₁) is not a sufficient IM with respect to the effects of the pulse-like ground motions on structural response. For near-fault ground motions, including pulse-like and non–pulse-like time histories, we propose a vector-valued IM consisting of a new IM called instantaneous power (IP(T₁)) and the Sa(T₁). The IP(T₁) is defined as the maximum power of the bandpass-filtered velocity time series over a time interval of 0.5T₁. The IP(T₁) is period-dependent because the velocity time series is filtered over a period range (0.2T₁-3T₁). This allows the IP(T₁) to represent the power of the near-fault ground motions relevant to the response of the structure. Using two-dimensional models of the 2- and 9-story steel-frame buildings, we show that the proposed [Sa(T₁), IP(T₁)] vector IM gives more accurate estimates of the maximum inter-story drift and collapse capacity responses from near-fault ground motions than using the vector IM consisting of the Sa(T₁), the presence of the velocity pulse, and the period of the velocity pulse. Moreover, for the structures considered, for a given Sa(T₁), the IP(T₁) is more strongly correlated with structural damage from near-fault ground motions than the combination of the velocity pulse and pulse period.  相似文献   

临安地震台阵勘址与场地条件分析     

徐梦林  李俊  汪贞杰  于俊谊  张明  陈军辉 《地震地磁观测与研究》2020,41(6):75-81

介绍浙江临安地震台阵勘址工作,包括各子台位置关系、区域自然地理与气候条件,着重分析区域大地构造、地质发展史以及测试点位的基岩性质等地质条件,结合岩土工程勘察资料,分析认为选定区域适合地震台阵建设,简述台阵供电与通讯初步设计方案,为后期地震台阵建设提出指导意见。  相似文献   

考虑强震激励的某核岛厂房非岩性地基不同处理方案的对比研究          下载免费PDF全文

尹训强  刘小蒙  王桂萱 《地震工程学报》2017,39(3):443-451

如何选取非岩性地基的处理方案对于不满足抗震适应性要求的核岛厂房地基而言具有重要的工程实用价值。结合国内某内陆核电不符合抗震适应性要求的实际厂址条件,给出地基处理方案评价的数值计算模型及分析过程。首先针对该核电工程实际项目,提出嵌岩桩、CFG桩及水泥土搅拌桩三种地基预处理方案,并以规范法验证处理后地基的承载力要求;进而通过建立非岩性地基条件下的桩-土-结构动力相互作用计算模型来综合考虑各方案对核岛厂房的地震响应影响,其中通过引入黏性人工边界和能量传递边界模拟无限地基辐射阻尼效应,采用等效线性法描述近场地基非线性特征,并基于上述有限元模型以全耦合方式考虑群桩效应的影响;最后从满足厂址地基适应性和经济效益两方面进行综合评价,给出针对本工程的最佳设计方案。该分析方法及研究成果可为类似条件下的核岛厂房非岩性地基处理方案的比选问题提供借鉴与参考。  相似文献   

Effect of ground motion selection methods on seismic collapse fragility of RC frame buildings   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Mohammad E. Koopaee  Rajesh P. Dhakal  Gregory MacRae 《地震工程与结构动力学》2017,46(11):1875-1892

Variation in the seismic collapse fragility of reinforced concrete frame buildings predicted using different ground motion (GM) selection methods is investigated in this paper. To simulate the structural collapse, a fiber‐element modelling approach with path‐dependent cyclic nonlinear material models that account for concrete confinement and crushing, reinforcement buckling as well as low cycle fatigue is used. The adopted fiber analysis approach has been found to reliably predict the loss in vertical load carrying capacity of structural components in addition to the sidesway mode of collapse due to destabilizing P–Δ moments at large inelastic deflections. Multiple stripe analysis is performed by conducting response history analyses at various hazard levels to generate the collapse fragility curves. To select GMs at various hazard levels, two alternatives of uniform hazard spectrum (UHS), conditional mean spectrum (CMS) and generalized conditional intensity measure (GCIM) are used. Collapse analyses are repeated based on structural periods corresponding to initial un‐cracked stiffness and cracked stiffness of the frame members. A return period‐based intensity measure is then introduced and applied in estimating collapse fragility of frame buildings. In line with the results of previous research, it is shown that the choice of structural period significantly affects the collapse fragility predictions. Among the GM selection methods used in this study, GCIM and CMS methods predict similar collapse fragilities for the case study building investigated herein, and UHS provides the most conservative prediction of the collapse capacity, with approximately 40% smaller median collapse capacity compared to the CMS method. The results confirm that collapse probability prediction of buildings using UHS offers a higher level of conservatism in comparison to the other selection methods. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

涉县地磁台地磁观测室建设     

张英杰  张小涛  赵长红  江永建  李晓鹏 《地震地磁观测与研究》2017,38(3):100-106

涉县地磁台观测室建设严格照规范进行,于2014年中投入试运行。本文就涉县地磁台观测室建设在勘选、材料磁性检测、异常情况处理所用方法进行阐述,运行后资料质量分析表明,涉县地磁观测室建设较为成功,其建设经验可为其他地磁台站新建、改造提供参考。  相似文献