核废物地质处置模型试验近场热-水-应力耦合数值模拟     

张玉军 《岩土力学》2007,28(12):2489-2494

笔者描述了所建立的饱和-非饱和介质中热-水-应力耦合现象的控制方程。针对国际合作项目DECOVALEX II 中Task-2的核废物地质处置轴对称模型试验及计算参数,使用所研制的有限元程序进行了热-水-应力耦合过程模拟。对缓冲层及岩体中若干部位的温度、含水量及接触应力的分布、变化进行了分析, 并将其与量测值和使用THAMES程序的计算结果作了比较,看到了三者的异、同之处,并指出了可能的影响原因。通过与量测值和THAMES程序的计算结果的对比,显示了笔者所研制的有限元程序在热-水-应力耦合数值分析中是可靠和实用的。  相似文献   

废物地质处置中的水文地质问题分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

郭永龙  桂承新 《地球科学》2000,25(5):518-521

废物地质处置中废液的泄漏或固体废物渗滤液对地下水可能产生的污染影响是选址中一个必须考虑且不可忽视的基本水文地质问题.分析了地下水污染中的几个基本概念问题, 并就废物地质处置选址和设计中如何注意这些问题提出了相应的解决办法及对策.   相似文献   

EM对SBR工艺处理生活污水的强化作用     

Meng Fanping 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,30(Z1):215-220

生物强化技术对于改善现有污水处理工艺的效果具有重要作用 。实验研究以生活污水中添加有效微生物群(EM)和单以生活污水两种方式培养活性污泥,然 后分别将其引入SBR反应器,以考察EM对SBR工艺处理生活污水的强化作用。结果表明,在正 常生活污水浓度和最优工艺条件(污水pH6～8,曝气2h,静置沉淀0.5h)下,EM-SBR反应器对 污水CODcr、NH+4-N的平均去除率分别比普通SBR工艺高19.08%和23.17%;且具有较好 的稳定性。此外,EM强化的SBR工艺还具有极强的抗冲击负荷能力,当进水CODcr为2738mg．L-1时,处理3h后,出水CODcr即可达到《污水综合排放标准》的要求,去除率高于96 %,而普通SBR工艺即使处理6h也不能达标。  相似文献   

Effects of Poisonous and Harmful Elements Brought about by Coal Mining on Water Environment in Zibo Coal Mine, Shandong Province, China     

Shen Zhaoli Zhang Jianli He Jiangtao Zhong Zuoshen Tang Minggao Department of Water Resources  Environments  China University of Geosciences  Beijing  China 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2000,11(3)

INTRODUCTIONZibo lies in the center of Shandong Province,China.Thetopography of Zibo is high in the south and low in the north.Zibo is characterized by hills in the east,the south and thewest,and a wide plain in the north(Fig.1) .The annual rain-fall is 5 0 0 - 70 0 mm .The coal resources are very abundant in Zibo.There areXiazhuang,Xihe and Hongshan coal mines in the researcharea.The m ining sewage,about 0 .844 2× 10 8m3/ a,accountsfor about80 % of runoff of the Xiaofu River.The X…  相似文献   

The effect of sewage plant effluent on brown trout (Salmo trutta fario): a cage experiment     

Matthias Escher  Thomas Wahli  Sabina Büttner  Willy Meier  Patricia Burkhardt-Holm 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1999,61(2):93-110

  相似文献   

Knowledge of the three French underground laboratory sites   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Patrick Lebon  Bernard Mouroux 《Engineering Geology》1999,52(3-4):251-256

From March 1994 to August 1996, ANDRA conducted a large reconnaissance work on three sites for possible underground research laboratories. These surveys highlighted for each site the presence of a geological formation, the properties of which meet the requirements of the French Fundamental Safety Rules. On the East site, the selected formation is a 130 m thick argillite layer. On the Gard site the layer is composed of close-packed siltites which are 200–400 m thick. On the Vienne site a hercynian granodiorite batholith was found under a 160 m thick jurassic overdurden.  相似文献   

Exploitation of gold in a historic sewage sludge stockpile, Werribee, Australia: resource evaluation, chemical extraction and subsequent utilisation of sludge     

Shane J. Reeves  Ian R. Plimer  David Foster 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1999,65(2):397

Sewage sludges are dewatered end products of human sewage waste and are recognised repositories of organic pollutants and heavy metals. They may be considered targets for economic extraction of Au because of the documented Au content of sewage sludges worldwide which are of the order of some ore deposits currently mined for Au. They are also highly nutrient enriched (nitrogen and phosphorus) and therefore amenable to use as agricultural fertiliser or as covers for mine wastes. The sewage of Melbourne, Australia, a city with a current population of 3.3 million, was stockpiled in large, closed, lagoonal tanks from 1898 until 1980. In 1995 Echidna Mining, an Australian gold exploration company, acquired the exploration rights to the ground surrounding the historic sludge reserves and commenced a program of resource evaluation, utilising RNAA, INAA, GFAAS, ICP–MS and FLAAS to determine 31 elements, including Au, Ag, Sb, As, Cd, Hg, Zn, Cu, and Pb. The study was initiated to determine Au, Ag and other metal variations in both space and time and to investigate the economics of chemical extraction of the precious metals. A total of 149 samples from over 50 hand-auger drillholes to a depth up to 4 m have been analysed from the stockpiles, with Au assays yielding remarkably consistent results. Average grades of 0.77 g/t Au and 18.8 g/t Ag have been documented for a measured resource of 770,000 m³ (of an estimated 1.6–2.5 million m³ contained) at a density of 1.0 g/cm³ and an average moisture content of around 40%. Laboratory-based extractive metallurgy of the Werribee sludges has demonstrated that Au, Ag and Zn can be removed with relative ease by heap-leaching using modified conventional technology, albeit with prohibitive reagent consumption. The extraction of the precious metals also results in the variable removal of contaminant metals such as Cd, As, Sb, Hg and Cr which may render the sludges fit for sale as agricultural fertiliser, provided organic pollutants and pathogenic organisms are below governmental environmental protection limits, an area beyond the scope of this paper. Another potential avenue of the exploitation of sewage sludges is discussed: that of the utilisation of sludges to extract contaminant metals from waste water and contaminated mine waters, which we demonstrate on pure aqueous synthetic samples. This paper presents a study of the exploitation of an historic sludge resource for its contained Au and residue post-metal extraction.  相似文献   

Sewage Sludge Activated Carbon as an Adsorbent and Catalytic Support: Evaluation of Nitrate Removal and Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling     

Clarissa H. Rosa  Cristiane R. Schmitt  Cecilia S. Fonseca  João Henrique Z. dos Santos  Toni J. Lopes  Gilber R. Rosa 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2023,51(1):2100399

  相似文献   

A groundwater quality survey of an unsewered,semi‐rural area     

L. W. Sinton 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3-4):317-326

A baseline groundwater quality survey of 120 household wells in an unsewered area at Yaldhurst, near Christchurch, was carried out between September and December, 1976. Ammonia‐N levels were below the detection limit (0.02 g m^‐3) in all samples. Nitrate‐N, conductivity, and chloride levels tended to vary according to well depth and location, being lower in the deeper wells and in wells located in an area of shallow, stony soils. Approximately 33% of the wells contained coliform bacteria, faecal coliform bacteria or faecal streptococci. A subset of 25 wells was sampled fortnightly from January to August 1977. From January to June, mean nitrate‐N and conductivity levels remained stable at approximately 1.5 g m^‐3 and 11.2 mS m^‐1 respectively. An increase in these levels to 3.3 g m^‐3 and 15.8 mS m^‐1 in July‐August corresponded with a rise in the water table. Leaching losses from soils probably accounted for most of the nitrate entering the Yaldhurst aquifers, the contribution by septic tank systems being estimated at 20–30%. No direct evidence of contamination of the wells by septic tank effluent was found, although 23 of the 25 wells exhibited intermittent contamination by indicator bacteria throughout the 8 month sampling programme. Although a localised health hazard may exist, septic tank systems in the area were not considered likely to constitute a health threat to the confined aquifers underlying Christchurch city.  相似文献   

广东省入海排污口分类分布特征及监督管理措施研究     

唐俊逸  余香英  刘晋涛  张文博  蒋婧媛 《海洋科学》2021,45(3):51-58

本研究在广东省现有入海排污口清单的基础上,将入海排污口划分为4类,研究分析了入海排污口的数量、类型和分布情况。研究表明,广东省共有入海排污口1436个,东西两翼数量多于珠三角,区域和地市差异明显。结合广东省近岸海域环境质量状况和排污口分布特征,针对性提出了推进入海排污口规范化设置与备案、分类推进各类排污口污染治理,提升入海排污口监管能力建设等监管措施,为分类实施污染防治措施、强化重点入海排污口监督管理奠定基础。  相似文献