井间电磁波CT技术及其在岩溶勘察中的应用     

韩果花  黄明曦  李川  何晓玲  杨强  王海燕  周海滨  王有学  熊彬  张智  薛霆虓 《CT理论与应用研究》2013,(4):615-621

井间电磁波层析成像技术是将医学CT应用于地球物理学中的一项新技术,它主要依据电磁波在不同介质中传播时的吸收差异,重建井间介质吸收系数的分布图像,形象及直观地展现研究区域的地质结构。本文详细地研究了井间电磁波层析成像技术的基本原理,对具有高低吸收电磁异常体的理论模型,根据一定的观测系统对电磁波的场强进行了数值模拟,并采用SIRT反演技术对吸收异常体的图像进行了重建;同时将该方法应用于广西某地拟建桥址的岩溶勘查之中,取得了良好的应用效果。  相似文献   

Small Business Establishment Profiles and Rapid Population Growth in Sunbelt Metropolitan Areas, 1995-2005     

《Urban geography》2013,34(6):526-555

This study investigates a linkage between rapid population growth in the Sunbelt's metropolitan areas (MSAs) and characteristics of small-scale businesses. Many Sunbelt MSAs are experiencing relatively rapid employment growth that also fuels population growth, and such linkages could well be related to especially potent employment multiplier effects associated with small firms. Using data from the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) for 2000, relative concentrations of small-scale establishments in rapidly growing Sunbelt MSAs are described and classified by type. Size of MSA appears to be an important factor in supporting higher- and/or lower-order activities, as proposed by the basic principles of central place theory. In contrast, some of the slowest growing Snowbelt MSAs show a lack of small businesses in key economic sectors, particularly quaternary activities, and their economies continue to be dominated by location-specific industries, such as mining.  相似文献   

喀斯特小流域分布式土壤侵蚀估算模型     

高翔  蔡雄飞  王济  胡国锋 《山地学报》2013,31(5)

为了准确估算喀斯特小流域土壤侵蚀量,根据喀斯特山区小流域复杂地貌特征、径流与侵蚀产沙在垂直方向上的差异性,以栅格DEM为基础,建立了由水文模块和侵蚀模块组成的喀斯特小流域分布式土壤侵蚀模型.其中水文模块选取了改进的喀斯特流域SCS产流模型进行产流量计算,改进的喀斯特流域DHSVM汇流模型进行小裂隙渗流、大裂隙以及管道(地下暗河)流汇流计算.侵蚀模块考虑侵蚀产沙在垂直方向上侵蚀特征的差异性,在典型区域野外调查的基础上,设计室内模拟试验,并对试验数据进行多元线性回归、逐步回归和多元非线性回归分析,建立不同坡度条件下土壤侵蚀模数的多因子模型(非线性回归模型达到极显著或非常显著水平,0.692＜R2＜0.988)进行产沙量计算,并运用泥沙物质平衡原理完成泥沙输移计算.该模型与GIS结合可实现对土壤侵蚀的时空分布过程进行模拟,为加深对该区域土壤侵蚀过程及模型研究提供参考.  相似文献   

A test of classification and regionalisation of Danish watercourses     

Sebastian H. Mernild M.Sc. & Ph.D.  Bent Hasholt 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2013,113(2):13-25

A classification of watercourses proposed by Hasholt 1999 has been tested in Denmark using data from detailed field investigations from 42 watercourses and their surrounding area. Three types of landscapes are included: the moraine landscape from the Weichselian glaciation, the moraine landscape from the Saalian glaciation and the outwash plains. The performance of the classification in separating types of watercourses is discussed and modifications are suggested.  相似文献   

Beyond the Metropolis: Urban Geography as if Small Cities Mattered     

Ola Johansson 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(3):430-432

In-car satellite navigation systems (SatNavs) are among the first products based on geographic information systems to have widespread fashionable appeal. In the United Kingdom, portable versions that are easily installed on the dashboard or front windshield have become a popular vehicle accessory. As prices have fallen, demand has increased over the last few years to the point that SatNavs might soon achieve the ubiquity of in-car entertainment systems. The rise of popularity of SatNavs, however, has also brought with it increased vulnerability to vehicle crime. Our analysis for the London borough of Newham shows a threefold increase in SatNav theft that occurred from 2005–2006 to 2006–2007. This is not limited to SatNavs being on display, but criminals also looking for the telltale signs of suction marks on the windshield indicating that a portable SatNav might be in the glove compartment or trunk of the car. A geographical analysis of these crime data is presented. Whereas the geo-engineering has focused on improving real-time visualization of position and articulation of navigational instructions, the product engineering as a portable accessory has insufficiently addressed the social implications of vulnerability in a high-crime society, the consequence being a focused acquisitive crime wave.  相似文献   

COMMENTS ON “SPATIAL VARIATION OF HILLSLOPE PROFILES IN THE CUMBERLAND PLATEAU,KENTUCKY” BY EDMUND B. WOOOS     

《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):488-489

Book Reviewed in this article:

Main Street: Northeastern Oregon: The Founding and Development of Small Towns. Barbara Ruth Bailey.

Food Politics: The Regional Conflict. David N. Balaam and Michael J. Carey, eds.

The International Economy and Industrial Development: Trade and Investment in the Third World. R. Ballance, J. Ansari and H. Singer.

Neighborhoods in Urban America. Ronald H. Bayor, ed.

The English Heartland. By Robert Beckinsale and Monica Beckinsale.

Regional Dimensions of Industrial Policy. Michael E. Bell and Paul S. Lande, eds.

Tension Areas of the World. D. Gordon Bennett, ed.

Latin America: an Introductory Survey. B. W. Blouet and O. M. Blouet, eds.

Integration and Division: Geographical Perspectives on the Northern Ireland Problem. Frederick W. Boal and J. Neville H. Douglas, eds.

Energy and Land Use. Robert W. Burchell and David Listokin, eds.

Slopes and Weathering. Michael Clarke and John Small.

Alaska's Rural Development. Peter G. Cornwall and Gerald McBeath, eds.

The Politics of Park Design: A History of Urban Parks in America. Galen Cranz.

World Congress on Land Policy, 1980, Proceedings. Matthew Cullen and Sharon Woolery, eds.

Oregon Divided: A Regional Geography. Samuel N. Dicken and Emily F. Dicken.

Urban Food Marketing and Third World Rural Development. T. Scarlett Epstein.

South Africa: Spatial Frameworks for Development. T. J. D. Fair.

Institutions and Geographical Patterns. Robin Flowerdew, ed.

Industrialization of U.S. Agriculture, An Interpretive Atlas. Howard F. Gregor.

Planning Theory: Prospects for the 1980s. Patsy Healy, Glen McDougall and Michael J. Thomas, eds.

Neighborhood Mobilization: Redevelopment and Response. Jeffrey R. Henig.

The American Urban System: A Geographical Perspective. R. J. Johnston.

Climate, History and the Modern World. Hubert H. Lamb.

Climate and History: Studies in Past Climates and Their Impact on Man. T. M. L. Wigley, M. J. Ingram and G. Farmer.

China: Railways and Agricultural Development, 1875–1935. Ernest P. Liang.

A Desirable Energy Future—A National Perspective. Robert S. Livingston, T. D. Anderson, T. M. Besmann, M. Olszewski, A. M. Perry, and C. D. West.

Topothesia: Essays Presented to T. S. Ó Máille. B. S. Mac Aodha, ed.

Transportation for the Poor: Research in Rural Mobility. Hal S. Maggied.

Land Uses in American Cities. Harold M. Mayer and Charles R. Haves.

Industrial Organisation and Location. Philip McDermott and Michael Taylor.

Human Adaptability: an Introduction to Ecological Anthropology. Emilio F. Moran.

Regional Analysis and the New International Division of Labor. Frank Moulaert and Patricia W. Salinas, eds.

The Nuclear War Atlas. Victoriaville, Quebec, Canada:

Urbanization and Environmental Quality. Isao Orishimo.

The Garden of Eden: The Botanic Garden and the Re-Creation of Paradise. John Prest.

Earthfire, The Eruption of Mount St. Helens. Charles Rosenfeld and Robert Cooke.

Contest for the South China Sea. Marwyn S. Samuels.

The Future of the Wetlands: Assessing Visual-Cultural Values. Richard C. Smardon, ed.

Tucson: the Life and Times of An American City. C. L. Sonnichsen.

The Geography of Multinationals. Michael Taylor and Nigel Thrift, eds.

Impact of Marine Pollution on Society. Virginia Tippie and Dana Kester.

Reviving the Industrial City: the Politics of Urban Renewal in Lyon and Birmingham. Jerry A. Webman.

Andean Reflections: Letters from Carl O. Sauer While on a South American Trip under a Grant from the Rockefeller Foundation, 1942. Robert C. West, ed.

Cartographic Drawing with Computers. P. Yoeli.  相似文献   

SCALAR VARIATION AND NODAL ACCESSIBILITY IN THE CHINESE RAILROAD NETWORK     

《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):388-392

The effect of varying the scalar value in a powered connectivity matrix upon the measurement of nodal accessibilities is illustrated by reference to the railroad network in China. The degree of influence is demonstrated by estimating the effect of scalar variation on a model which is designed to predict the relative accessibility of thirty-nine cities within the network.  相似文献   

基于DEM的复杂地形流域特征提取   总被引：19，自引：2，他引：19  

谢顺平  都金康  罗维佳  邓敏 《地理研究》2006,25(1):96-102

利用流域数字高程模型(DEM)构建数字水系模型并提取流域水系特征是分布式水文过程模拟的重要前提。提出了面向分布式水文过程模拟和流域特征提取的数字水系模型,并针对现有方法对复杂地形DEM中含有的平地、洼地及其嵌套情形的处理不足,提出了栅格水流分类、填洼分类与归并及有效填平处理、河谷平地的出流代价法构建栅格流向和流序等新的处理方法,并在开发的软件系统得到实现。使用该方法创建的黄土岭流域数字水系模型和提取的水系等流域特征结果表明:本文方法可有效应对复杂地形流域的处理,提取的流域水系特征与实际自然水系比较吻合,能够有效地消除现有方法在地形平坦区域容易产生的平行河道、奇异河道、河道变形等不足。  相似文献   

轮古西奥陶系潜山洞穴型岩溶储层发育特征与充填规律   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李世银  罗春树  邓兴梁  李保华  常少英  王轩  裴广平 《海相油气地质》2012,(2):70-74

洞穴型岩溶储层是塔里木盆地轮古油田缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏的主要储集空间类型,多数高效井均钻遇大型洞穴型岩溶储层。依据轮古西奥陶系潜山大量单井资料分析,洞穴型岩溶储层可分为充填洞穴、半充填洞穴和未充填洞穴三种类型。结合古地貌精细刻画与岩溶垂向分带成果,认为古地貌位置由岩溶台地向岩溶缓坡和岩溶盆地逐渐降低,而洞穴发育和充填程度在逐渐增高。未充填与半充填洞穴主要发育在岩溶台地和岩溶缓坡的溶峰边坡、溶丘边坡及沟槽谷洼地边坡等地貌单元。表层岩溶带、径流溶蚀带洞穴型岩溶储层发育频率最高,其次为垂直渗滤带和潜流溶蚀带。未充填与半充填洞穴型岩溶储层主要发育在表层岩溶带。  相似文献   

地质雷达在公路山体地质灾害调查中的应用     

阮珏  石凤仙  南爱强 《云南地质》2012,(3):417-419

对临沧市南撒至班考二级公路山体地质灾害勘察中,地质雷达取得了较好的地质效果,确定地下岩溶发育区的空间展布规律、岩溶破碎带的形态及延伸,为进一步认识山体地质灾害及其勘察治理提供了地球物理依据。  相似文献