用褶积滤波处理井水位对固体潮响应的滞后   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

张昭栋  高玉斌 《地震》1993,(4):23-29

本文给出了一种用褶积滤波处理井水位对固体潮响应滞后的新方法。鲁07井水位观测资料用这种方法处理比一般回归方法的平均中误差少4.6mm。文中讨论了褶积滤波积分区间长度与水井含水层渗透系数的关系及褶积滤波比别尔采夫滤波的优越性。  相似文献   

Effect of some additives on synthesis of zeolite from coal fly ash   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Deyi Wu  Bohua Zhang  Li Yan  Hainan Kong  Xinze Wang 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2006,80(2-4):266-272

Hydrothermal conversion of fly ash into zeolites was conducted and the effects of the addition of sodium halide and waste solutions produced after zeolitization of fly ash, as well as the adjustment of the Si/Al ratio prior to synthesis process on the formation and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of zeolite product were evaluated. Both the addition of NaCl and NaF ameliorated the crystallinity and CEC of synthesized zeolite, but NaF had a better improvement effect. Na⁺ was considered to enhance the crystallization of zeolite, while F⁻ favored the dissolution of fly ash. The type of zeolite formed depended on the Si/Al ratio of the starting material prior to the nucleation and crystallization of zeolite. The adjustment of the Si/Al ratio of fly ash by addition of Na₂SiO₄ and Al(OH)₃ changed the type and CEC of zeolite. Waste solutions contained large amount of Si and little Al due to the formation of a zeolite named NaP1 in zeolite terminology with the Joint Committee of Powder Diffraction Standard (JCPDS) code of 39-0219. The alkalinity decreased largely. As a result, the CEC value of zeolite products synthesized with waste solution as alkali source decreased. The supplementation of new alkali to adjust the alkalinity of waste solution could enhance the CEC of synthesized product. It was concluded that: (1) addition of sodium halide and adjustment of the Si/Al ratio prior to synthesis can improve the quality of zeolite; (2) waste solutions produced following the zeolitization of fly ash can be reused as an alkali source in the activation of fly ash; zero-emission of waste solution in the synthesis of zeolite from fly ash is possible.  相似文献   

Mitigation of municipal solid waste leachate contamination at Payatas, Metro Manila, Philippines： A technical proposal     

Marvin Joseph Montefrio Kai Scene Ng Lee Yih Koh Erwin Torio Mark Hansley Chua Louernie de Sales-Papa Jeffrey Philip Obbard 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):122-122

The gross environmental condition of the Payatas Disposal Facility in Metro Manila, Philippines, implores the need for sustainable technologies to control and abate toxic municipal solid waste leachate and protect public health. A team of environmental engineers recognized this need by selecting the site as a design project for the Mondialogo Worldwide Engineering Award, sponsored by the United Nations and Daimler Chrysler. The project culminated in a technical proposal that highlighted the following design features： an impermeable dumpsite cap to control leachate generation; vertical impermeable barriers for containment and isolation of leachate; a drainage system to divert clean, surface water from the cap and prevent its contamination prior to discharge; a leachate recirculation system to enhance stabilisation of the waste deposit; and a facultative lagoon and constructed wetland system to treat excess leachate.  相似文献   

Effects of human activities on mercury in the environment in Xi＇an area, China     

Yongqing JIN Xiaojuan WANG Chengxiao ZHANG Julia LU Qingbo DUAN 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):239-240

Effects of mercury on ecosystems and human health are well documented. Human activities have significant impacts on transport, transformation, and fate of mercury in the natural environment. In this study, a gold mining area （Tongchuan）, an urban area （Xi＇an）, and a historical site （Qinshihuan Tomb） in Shaanxi Province, China, was chosen to study the effects of human activities on the transport, transformation, and fate of mercury in the area. Samples of atmospheric precipitate, soil, sediment, pomegranate, corn and those from wells and the rivers that flow through or flow by the city and from the mining area were collected. The EPA methods were used for sample preparation and analysis of these samples. These methods combine acid digestion, chemical reduction, purge and trap with Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry （CVAFS）. Preliminary results showed high total mercury concentrations in the water samples collected from a river in Tongguan County. The total mercury concentrations ranged from 133 to 188 ng/L in the water samples collected from the rivers flowing through Xi＇an City. The amount of total mercury in the soil/sediment samples which were collected in the vicinity of Xi＇an ranged from 31.8 to 83.2 ng/g. The total mercury concentrations in the samples of atmospheric precipitate （including rain and snow collected from Sep. 2005 to Jan. 2006） ranged from 106-298 ng/L.  相似文献   

Characteristics, threats and opportunities of landfill scavenging: The case of Gaborone-Botswana     

Batsumi Rankokwane  Thando D. Gwebu 《GeoJournal》2006,65(3):151-163

In Gaborone, as in other large cities in the developing world, individuals try to make a living by engaging in novel occupations such as landfill scavenging. This paper reports on a research conducted in the Gaborone landfill, the largest in Botswana. The study content-analyzed available literature from other countries. It also relied mainly on direct field observations. The discussions on and answers to closed and interview schedules by stakeholders, affected- and- interested – persons, provided the information on the threats and opportunities related to the landfill site and its informal management activities. This on-going case study lends credence to the potential of scavenging in sustaining livelihoods among those who cannot secure employment in the formal urban market. Scavenging tends to be useful although it may hazardous to the informal entrepreneurs. Taking all the threats into consideration, the decommissioning and closure of the landfill seems inevitable, in spite of the apparent short-term livelihood opportunities it provides to the informal sector.  相似文献   

Seismic Hazards Assessment for Radioactive Waste Disposal Sites in Regions of Low Seismic Activity   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Clark H. Fenton  John Adams  Stephen Halchuk 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2006,24(3):579-592

A comparative tectonic quiescence and lack of earthquakes make the stable centres of continents attractive for siting long-term radioactive waste storage facilities. The low rates of deformation in such regions, however, make it difficult to characterize their long-term seismotectonic behaviour, leading to uncertain estimates for the very low probability hazard estimates required by society. In an attempt to overcome the deficiency of both contemporary seismicity and paleoseismic data in central Canada, we have used earthquake histories from regions with similar seismotectonic characteristics from around the world. Substituting space for time, we estimate a long-term rate per 10⁶ km² of 0.004 magnitude ≥6 earthquakes per annum, of which 33–100% might rupture to the surface.  相似文献   

Decarbonation reaction of magnesite in subducting slabs at the lower mantle     

N. Takafuji  K. Fujino  T. Nagai  Y. Seto  D. Hamane 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2006,33(10):651-654

High-pressure and temperature experiments (28–62 GPa, and 1,490–2,000 K, corresponding to approximately 770–1,500 km depth in the mantle) have been conducted on a MgCO₃ + SiO₂ mixture using a laser-heated diamond anvil cell combined with analytical transmission electron microscope observation of the product phases to constrain the fate of carbonates carried on the subducting basalt into the lower mantle. At these conditions, the decarbonation reaction MgCO₃ (magnesite) + SiO₂ (stishovite) → MgSiO₃ (perovskite) + CO₂ (solid) has been recognized. This indicates that above reaction takes place as a candidate for decarbonation of the carbonated subducting mid ocean ridge basalts in the Earth’s lower mantle.  相似文献   

酶法催化餐饮废油制备生物柴油的研究     

安永磊  唐唯森  高松 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2006,(Z1)

以废物资源转化为宗旨,利用固定化脂肪酶催化餐饮废油与乙醇反应制备生物柴油,通过实验获得最佳酯化反应条件:反应温度47℃、有机溶剂为正己烷、醇油比3∶1,5次投加乙醇,酶用量为0.3g,反应时间32h时,生物柴油产率可达81%。  相似文献   

PPGIS及其在加拿大安大略省核废料处理选址项目中的应用   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

刘政荣 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2005,30(1):82-85

介绍了公众参与地理信息系统，给出了一个应用项目——加拿大安大略省核废料处理设施选址公众参与地理信息系统。  相似文献   

高放废物地质处置库选址中的水文地质调查   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

郭永海  刘淑芬  吕川河 《铀矿地质》2005,21(5):296-299

本文根据国内外研究经验,讨论了高放废物地质处置库选址中水文地质调查的目的、过程、方法和作用,同时对水文地质参数的获取进行了阐述,旨在为今后研究工作提供参考。  相似文献