用随机介质模型方法描述孔洞型油气储层   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

朱生旺  魏修成  曲寿利  刘春园  吴开龙 《地质学报》2008,82(3):420-427

孔洞型储集层具有强烈的非均质性,在空间分布上变化剧烈,规律性差,其地球物理参数(如速度、密度、弹性参数等)在空间上的变化很难用传统的层状介质模型进行刻画.本文借助随机模型方法,研究孔洞型储层中不同孔洞尺度、分布密度与模型参数的关系,建立反映实际孔洞油气储层介质地球物理参数空间分布统计特征的随机介质模型,以更方便地对孔洞型油气储层进行描述,并为碳酸盐岩孔洞型储层地震反射特征的研究提供有效的方法途径.  相似文献   

海相碳酸盐岩层系不整合量化研究及其意义——以四川盆地北部二叠系为例   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李儒峰  郭彤楼  汤良杰  陈国飞 《地质学报》2008,82(3):407-412

本文以四川盆地北部二叠系为例,将层序地层分析和沉积盆地波动过程分析相结合,提出了运用沉积波动过程分析研究沉积记录不完整性的量化方法,该方法可以相对准确地定量描述盆地形成演化过程中的升降运动,恢复无地层"记录"中的沉积-剥蚀过程,进而定量分析盆地的沉积-剥蚀过程、计算沉积间断(不整合)内的地层剥蚀量、认识其时空分布规律.同时,通过实际钻井及"人工井"的波动过程分析,结合地震剖面解释成果,可以作出主要不整合的空间分布图、各层位的剥蚀厚度图和原始厚度图、各期构造的剥蚀量分布图等重要基础图件,为盆地进一步系统分析及盆地模拟打好基础,结合沉积相研究及构造样式分析还可分析盆地沉积中心、生油层、盖层、储层等在时空中的变化规律.由于沉积盆地的升降波动过程直接影响着盆地的埋藏史、热史和生、排烃史,因此通过沉积波动过程的系统分析不仅能正确建立盆地演化的地质模型,还可以正确认识油气形成与分布规律,有效指导油气勘探.  相似文献   

Delineation of groundwater protection zones by the backward particle tracking method: theoretical background and GIS-based stochastic analysis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Konstadinos N. Moutsopoulos  Alexandra Gemitzi  Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(5):1081-1090

The backward particle tracking method, an effective and powerful tool that can be used to delineate groundwater protection zones, is presented. The theoretical background and insights on the applicability of this method are provided. Moreover, the present work enriches the backward particle tracking method with an uncertainty analysis concerning the porosity values, applying a Monte Carlo (MC) approach, coupled with the use of geographical information systems (GIS). As an application example, a wellfield in the Komotini area, Greece, is investigated. The present study may serve as a potential guideline for wellfield delineation, particularly in areas like Greece where lack of data related to the hydrogeological system is often a problem.  相似文献   

Landslide susceptibility mapping for a landslide-prone area (Findikli,NE of Turkey) by likelihood-frequency ratio and weighted linear combination models   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

Aykut Akgun  Serhat Dag  Fikri Bulut 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(6):1127-1143

Landslides are very common natural problems in the Black Sea Region of Turkey due to the steep topography, improper use of land cover and adverse climatic conditions for landslides. In the western part of region, many studies have been carried out especially in the last decade for landslide susceptibility mapping using different evaluation methods such as deterministic approach, landslide distribution, qualitative, statistical and distribution-free analyses. The purpose of this study is to produce landslide susceptibility maps of a landslide-prone area (Findikli district, Rize) located at the eastern part of the Black Sea Region of Turkey by likelihood frequency ratio (LRM) model and weighted linear combination (WLC) model and to compare the results obtained. For this purpose, landslide inventory map of the area were prepared for the years of 1983 and 1995 by detailed field surveys and aerial-photography studies. Slope angle, slope aspect, lithology, distance from drainage lines, distance from roads and the land-cover of the study area are considered as the landslide-conditioning parameters. The differences between the susceptibility maps derived by the LRM and the WLC models are relatively minor when broad-based classifications are taken into account. However, the WLC map showed more details but the other map produced by LRM model produced weak results. The reason for this result is considered to be the fact that the majority of pixels in the LRM map have high values than the WLC-derived susceptibility map. In order to validate the two susceptibility maps, both of them were compared with the landslide inventory map. Although the landslides do not exist in the very high susceptibility class of the both maps, 79% of the landslides fall into the high and very high susceptibility zones of the WLC map while this is 49% for the LRM map. This shows that the WLC model exhibited higher performance than the LRM model.  相似文献   

Estimating potential landslide sites of an upland sub-watershed in Western Ghat’s of Kerala (India) through frequency ratio and GIS   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

H. Vijith  G. Madhu 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(7):1397-1405

The purpose of this study is to assess the susceptibility of landslides in parts of Western Ghats, Kerala, India, using a geographical information system (GIS). Landslide inventory of the area was made by detailed field surveys and the analysis of the topographical maps. The landslide triggering factors are considered to be slope angle, slope aspect, slope curvature, slope length, distance from drainage, distance from lineaments, lithology, land use and geomorphology. ArcGIS version 8.3 was used to manipulate and analyse all the collected data. Probabilistic-likelihood ratio was used to create a landslide susceptibility map for the study area. The result was validated using the Area under Curve (AUC) method and temporal data of landslide occurrences. The validation results showed satisfactory agreement between the susceptibility map and the existing data on landslide locations. As the result, the success rate of the model was (84.46%) and the prediction rate of the model was (82.38%) shows high prediction accuracy. In the reclassified final landslide susceptibility zone map, 5.68% of the total area is classified as critical in nature. The landslide susceptibility map thus produced can be used to reduce hazards associated with landslides and to land cover planning.  相似文献   

The double solid reactant method: II. An application to the shallow groundwaters of the Porto Plain,Vulcano Island (Italy)     

Matteo Lelli  Roberto Cioni  Luigi Marini 《Environmental Geology》2008,56(1):139-158

This paper presents an example of application of the double solid reactant method (DSRM) of Accornero and Marini (Environmental Geology, 2007a), an effective way for modeling the fate of several dissolved trace elements during water–rock interaction. The EQ3/6 software package was used for simulating the irreversible water–rock mass transfer accompanying the generation of the groundwaters of the Porto Plain shallow aquifer, starting from a degassed diluted crateric steam condensate. Reaction path modeling was performed in reaction progress mode and under closed-system conditions. The simulations assumed: (1) bulk dissolution (i.e., without any constraint on the kinetics of dissolution/precipitation reactions) of a single solid phase, a leucite-latitic glass, and (2) precipitation of amorphous silica, barite, alunite, jarosite, anhydrite, kaolinite, a solid mixture of smectites, fluorite, a solid mixture of hydroxides, illite-K, a solid mixture of saponites, a solid mixture of trigonal carbonates and a solid mixture of orthorhombic carbonates. Analytical concentrations of major chemical elements and several trace elements (Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sr and Ba) in groundwaters were satisfactorily reproduced. In addition to these simulations, similar runs for a rhyolite, a latite and a trachyte permitted to calculate major oxide contents for the authigenic paragenesis which are comparable, to a first approximation, with the corresponding data measured for local altered rocks belonging to the silicic, advanced argillic and intermediate argillic alteration facies. The important role played by both the solid mixture of trigonal carbonates as sequestrator of Mn, Zn, Cu and Ni and the solid mixture of orthorhombic carbonates as scavenger of Sr and Ba is emphasized.

Luigi Marini (Corresponding author)Email:

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Mapping ambivalence: Exploring the geographies of community change and rails-to-trails development using photo-based Q method and PPGIS   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Timothy Hawthorne  John Krygier 《Geoforum》2008,39(2):1058-1078

As the literature on trail development suggests, recreational trail projects can generate conflicts and controversies, particularly when built on abandoned rail corridors through developed areas. These conflicts are often understood as “not in my back yard” (NIMBY) reactions, suggesting a spatial proximity to conflict which increases as one draws closer to the proposed trail. This research seeks to understand local residents’ perceptions and reactions to recreational trail development in the City of Delaware (Ohio, USA). It addresses two spatially infused questions: Does the potential for conflict related to trail development increase as people live closer to a potential trail (the NIMBY factor)? Can important qualitative factors about favorable and unfavorable land uses including potential recreational trail sites be defined using a participatory methodology and then represented in GIS? The study used a mixed-method approach to collect and analyze qualitative data from a group of local residents. Each participant was interviewed and asked to sort 19 pictures related to trail development. After each of the sorts, participants were asked to explain why they ranked the pictures the way they did. Results of the picture sorts were then analyzed using Q method and mapped with GIS. The results show that spatial proximity matters in the context of trail development and potential NIMBY reactions to trails. Significant differences were found in the picture sorts that reveal the importance of proximity and location, although in a manner contrary to the assumptions in the writings on rails-to-trails. Through combining qualitative methods, Q analysis and PPGIS analysis, the research shows that qualitative place-based studies are capable of generating insights about the complexities of situated geographic change such as recreational trail development.  相似文献   

Geochronology of Pliocene volcanism in the Dzhavakheti Highland (the Lesser Caucasus). Part 1: Western part of the Dzhavakheti Highland     

V. A. Lebedev  S. N. Bubnov  O. Z. Dudauri  G. T. Vashakidze 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2008,16(2):204-224

Isotopic-geochronological study of the Pliocene magmatic activity in western part of the Dzhavakheti Highland (northwestern region of the Lesser Caucasus) is carried out. The results obtained imply that the Pliocene magmatic activity lasted in this part of the highland approximately 2 million years from 3.75 to 1.75–1.55 Ma. As is established, the studied volcanic rocks correspond in composition mostly to K-Na subalkaline and more abundant normal basalts. Time constraints of main phases in development of basic volcanism within the study region are figured out. We assume that individual pulses of silicic to moderately silicic volcanism presumably took place in the Dzhavakheti Highland about 3.2 and 2.5 Ma ago.  相似文献   

On the Assessment of Failure in Slope Stability Analysis by the Finite Element Method   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

H. Zheng  D. F. Liu  C. G. Li 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2008,41(4):629-639

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DEM analysis of the crack propagation in brittle clays under uniaxial compression tests   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Luis F. Vesga  Luis E. Vallejo  Sebastian Lobo‐Guerrero 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2008,32(11):1405-1415

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